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Yoga Medicine > Yoga Anatomy > Flashcards

Yoga Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The movements of the spine are:
A. Flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation
B. Flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, lateral flexion
C. Flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion

A

C. Flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion

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2
Q

The function of the fibrocartilage of the labrum & meniscus is:
A. Create a smooth gliding surface to slow down degeneration
B. Help the bones fit together and create a smooth gliding surface
C. Help the bones fit together better to increase stability and slow down degeneration

A

C. Help the bones fit together better to increase stability and slow down degeneration

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3
Q

The ligaments contain important sensory nerves to protect from overstretching.
A. False
B. True

A

A. False

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4
Q

The periosteum of the bone is the membranous covering that the muscles attach to.
A. False
B. True

A

B. True

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5
Q

The wrist is proximal to the elbow.
A. False
B. True

A

A. False. It is distal.

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6
Q

Which muscle sits inferior to the spine of the scapula
A. Teres minor
B. Infraspinatus
C. Supraspinatus
D. Subscapularis

A

B. Infraspinatus

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7
Q

What muscle am I palpating if I press deep into the armpit, pushing posteriorly onto the anterior surface of the scapula
A. Teres major
B. Supraspinatus
C. Infraspinatus
D. Subscapularis

A

D. Subscapularis

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8
Q

The shoulder joint is less mobile but more stable than the hip
A. True
B. False

A

B. False

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9
Q

Which muscles function to stabilize the scapula?
A. Teres major & latissimus dorsi
B. Rhomboids & serratus anterior
C. Rotator cuff

A

B. Rhomboids & serratus anterior

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10
Q

The primary function of the deeper muscular layer is:
A. To create movement
B. To create stability
C. To create mobility

A

B. To create stability

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11
Q

The lower arm in gomukasana arms (cow face) stretches what primarily?
A. Infraspinatus
B. Teres major
C. Subscapularis
D. Supraspinatus

A

A. Infraspinatus

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12
Q

The primary movement of the serratus anterior is:
A. Scapular protraction
B. Scapular depression
C. Downward rotation of the scapula
D. Scapular retraction

A

A. Scapular protraction (moving the body part forward or anteriorly)

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13
Q

The shoulder complex is composed of what bones:
A. Scapula, humerus & ischium
B. Scapula, clavicle & humerus
C. Scapula & humerus
D. Clavicle & humerus

A

B. Scapula, clavicle & humerus

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14
Q

In order to stabilize the shoulder you must stabilize what:
A. Humeral head & the clavicle
B. Humerus
C. Scapula & the humeral head

A

C. Scapula & the humeral head

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15
Q

The PRIMARY FUNCTION of the rotator cuff is to:
A. Create internal & external rotation of the humerus
B. Stabilize the humeral head
C. Stabilize the scapula
D. Create flexion & extension of the humerus

A

B. Stabilize the humeral head

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16
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor

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17
Q

All the following are primary external rotators of the hip EXCEPT:
A. GOGOQ muscles (obturators, gemelus superior & inferior, quadratus femoris)
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Piriformis
D. Gluteus medius

A

D. Gluteus medius (hip abduction and stabilization)

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18
Q

All of the following poses activate or strengthen the gluteus maximus EXCEPT:
A. Bridge pose
B. Wheel pose
C. Uttanasana (standing forward fold)
D. Digasana or warrior C

A

C. Uttanasana (standing forward fold) as this stretches, not activates

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19
Q

To stretch the external rotators (including piriformis) you must take the hip into external rotation and flexion as you would in double pigeon.
A. False
B. True

A

B. True

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20
Q

Define: Flexion

A

A bending movement that decreases the angle between two bones at a joint. For example: bending the elbow, clenching fist, bending the knee, doing a crunch

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21
Q

Define: Extension

A

A joint movement that increases the angle between two bones or body parts, resulting in straightening. For example: straightening the leg, taking arm toward the back, straightening a bent arm.

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22
Q

Define: Medial

A

Close to the midline

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23
Q

Define: Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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24
Q

Define: Proximal

A

Closer to the trunk (refers to limbs)

25
Q

Define: Distal

A

Away from the trunk (refers to the limbs)

26
Q

Define: Superior

A

Above or toward the head

27
Q

Define: Inferior

A

Below or away from the head

28
Q

Define: Anterior

A

Toward the front of the body

29
Q

Define: Posterior

A

Toward the back of the body

30
Q

What muscle am I palpating if I press posteriorly just inferior to the iliac crest?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Piriformis
D. Gluteus minimus

A

A. Gluteus medius. (Anterior would be the Iliacus)

31
Q

Which muscle is the primary stabilizer of the pelvis when standing on one leg:
A. Psoas
B. Gluteus medius
C. Gluteus maximus
D. Piriformis

A

B. Gluteus medius

32
Q

The iliopsoas is the only muscle that connects the spine to the leg.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

33
Q

Which muscles attach to the Iliotibial band:
A. Gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata
B. Gluteus maximus and gluteus medius
C. Gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata
D. Piriformis and gluteus medius

A

C. Gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata

34
Q

The hip joint is more stable but has less mobility than the shoulder joint.
A. False
B. True

A

B. True

35
Q

The iliopsoas needs what to best perform its function to support the lumbar spine:
A. The antagonistic support of the erectors
B. The antagonistic support of the gluteus maximus
C. The antagonistic support of the abdominals

A

B. The antagonistic support of the gluteus maximus.

36
Q

The gluteus maximus must vigorously contract in backbends
A. False
B. True

A

B. True

37
Q

Shalabasana is a great pose to concentrically contract the erector spinae muscles and create circulation through these muscles that work so hard.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

38
Q

Define: Concentric Contraction

A

A type of muscle contraction that occurs when a muscle shortens while generating tension

39
Q

Define: Eccentric Contraction

A

A muscle contraction that occurs when a muscle lengthens while under tension

40
Q

Which muscle is primarily responsible for rotational movement of the torso & ribcage in active twisting poses
A. Rectus abdominis
B. Transverse abdominis
C. Quadratus lumborum
D. Obliques (internal & external)

A

D. Obliques (internal & external)

41
Q

The diaphragm is the primary muscle of relaxed breathing.
A. False
B. True

A

B. True

42
Q

Which type of poses will best stretch the quadratus lumborum?
A. Lunges
B. Twists
C. Side bends
D. Forward folds

A

C. Side bends

43
Q

Which muscle creates the lateral stability for the lumbar spine?
A. Erector spinae
B. Transverse abdominis
C. Iliopsoas
D. Quadratus lumborum

A

D. Quadratus lumborum

44
Q

Which muscles create the 3 pillars of deep support for the lumbar spine?
A. Quadratus lumborum, erector spinae & rectus abdominis
B. Quadratus lumborum, erector spinae & transverse abdominis
C. Quadratus lumborum, iliopsoas & rectus abdominis
D. Quadratus lumborum, erector spinae & iliopsoas

A

D. Quadratus lumborum, erector spinae & iliopsoas

45
Q

Which muscle supports the lumbar spine that is not dependent on the movement or position of the body, that can be active through most of the practice?
A. Rectus abdominis
B. Quadratus lumborum
C. Transverse abdominis
D. Obliques (internal & external)

A

C. Transverse abdominis

46
Q

Which muscle is primarily responsible for the action of knitting/drawing the front ribs back in something like crescent lunge or Warrior A
A. Erector spinae
B. Transverse abdominis
C. Upper rectus abdominis

A

C. Upper rectus abdominis

47
Q

Tension in which muscle will inhibit the function of the diaphragm the most?
A. Erector spinae
B. Rectus abdominis
C. Transverse abdominis

A

B. Rectus abdominis

48
Q

The erector spinae muscles are our main postural muscles and therefore almost impossible for them to become weak.
A. True
B. False

A

B. False

49
Q

The quadriceps will extend the knee and extend the hip
A. False
B. True

A

A. False. It will extend the knee and flex the hip.

50
Q

Tension in which muscle WILL NOT be a limiting factor in back bends?
A. Rectus abdominis
B. Rectus femoris
C. Gluteus medius
D. Psoas

A

C. Gluteus medius

51
Q

The main function of pectoralis minor is to stabilize the front of the shoulder.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True, and also lift the ribs in respiration.

52
Q

Which muscle runs through the bicipital groove that can become irritated there?
A. Triceps
B. Lats
C. Biceps
D. Pecs

A

C. Biceps

53
Q

Which pose is the most specific to target a stretch in the adductors
A. Badha konasana (butterfly)
B. Bridge
C. Paschimotanasana (seated forward bend)
D. Upavishta konasana (wide-angle seated forward bend)

A

A. Badha konasana (butterfly)

54
Q

In upavishta konasana which of the following is lengthening/stretching the most?
A. Semimembranosus & semitendinosus
B. Adductors
C. Biceps femoris

A

A. Semimembranosus & semitendinosus

55
Q

Puppy pose will stretch all the following EXCEPT:
A. Latissimus dorsi
B. Triceps
C. Trapezius
D. Pectoralis major

A

C. Trapezius

56
Q

Tension in which of the following muscles will affect respiration the LEAST?
A. Pecs
B. Quadratus lumborum
C. Abdominals
D. Lats

A

A. Pecs

57
Q

Which pose is best to activate/strengthen gluteus medius?
A. Tree pose
B. Warrior A
C. Prasarita padottanasana (wide leg forward fold)
D. Warrior B

A

A. Tree pose

58
Q

The medial hamstrings are called biceps femoris
A. True
B. False

A

B. False. It is lateral. Medial would be semi-tendinosus and semi-membranosus.

Yoga Medicine (3 decks)

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