Yeast as a human disease model

Question 1

2 types of yeast

Answer 1

saccharomyces cerevisae
schizosaccharomyces pombe

Question 2

evolution years between cerevisae and pombe

Answer 2

600

Question 3

yeast advantages

Answer 3

unicellular
gene sequences available for both
fundamental processes conserved in both
easy gene deletion
haploid and diploid life cycle
defined media growth

Question 4

pombe life cycle characteristic

Answer 4

length change

Question 5

cerevisae phase checkpoints

Answer 5

cdc 28 interacts w phase-specific cyclins in cerevisae, binding CDK for substrate specificity in life cycle

Question 6

checkpoints of life-cycle

Answer 6

G2-M
G1
G0
M

Question 7

G2-M checkpoint

Answer 7

checks:
completion of DNA replication
correct cell size
environment

Question 8

M checkpoint

Answer 8

spindle attachment check
chromatid separation activation

Question 9

G0 phase

Answer 9

exits cell cycle

Question 10

G1 phase

Answer 10

yeast start
mammal restriction point
checks nutrients and controls cell size

Question 11

MSH2

Answer 11

colon cancer mutation gene
cerevisiae has high homology to MSH2 involved in gene repair

Question 12

Ataxia Telangiestasia

Answer 12

ATM
cell cycle checkpoint gene which mutation causes high sensitivity to ionizing radiation and *100 cancer risk
cerevisiae has 2 genes w high homology (MEC1/TEL1) < encode protein kinase in cell cycle checkpoint control

Question 13

human disease genes in s.cervisiae

Answer 13

WRNY BLM (werner and blooms) < premature age-related defect
cerevisiae has SDS1 w high homology w loss causing age-related premature changes in cell
NF1 < loss resulting in neurofibromatoses type 1 < cognitive symptoms
IRA1/IRA2 encode proteins w similar biochem activity