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Science > Yearly Science exam > Flashcards

Yearly Science exam Flashcards

Module 1 module 3 and Module 4

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1
Q

Name 9 safety rules

A
  1. Always wear safety equipment
  2. Stand up during experiments
  3. Do not eat during experiments
  4. No running
  5. Tie your hair
  6. No bags in lab
  7. Pay attention at all times
  8. Do not leave experiment unattended
  9. Do not play around
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2
Q

What is a variable?

A

A variable is something you can change in an experiment. There are two types of variables, independent and dependent.

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3
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

A dependent variable is the part of an experiment that is influenced by other variables.

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4
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

An independent variable is the part of an experiment that is not influenced by other variables.

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5
Q

What are the 6 rules of graphing?

A
  1. have a title
  2. include a line of best fit
  3. have your independent variable on the X-axis
  4. have your dependent variable on the Y-axis
  5. your number jumps must be continuous
  6. label both of you axis
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5
Q

What is density?

A

Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.

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6
Q

How do you calculate density?

A

To calculate density you need to multiply the height, length and width, then divide the mass (g) by the volume (cm).

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7
Q

What are 6 rules for drawing a scientific diagram?

A
  1. it has to be two-dimensional
  2. draw it with a pencil
  3. draw it with a ruler
  4. draw open at the top unless it has a lid
  5. use correct proportions
  6. use up most of the space available
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7
Q

What is a quantitative observation?

A

A quantitative observations involves numbers.

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8
Q

What is a qualitative observation?

A

A qualitative observation doesn’t involve numbers.

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9
Q

What are the properties of a solid?

A
  • has a fixed shape
  • can’t be compressed
  • can’t flow
  • can’t move but can vibrate on the spot
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9
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid and gas.

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10
Q

what is solid to liquid called

A

metling

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10
Q

What are the properties of a liquid?

A
  • doesn’t have a fixed shape
  • takes the shape of its container
  • can’t be compressed
  • can flow
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11
Q

What are the properties of gas?

A
  • doesn’t have a fixed shape
  • takes the shape of it’s container
  • can be compressed
  • can flow
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12
Q

what is liquid to solid called

A

freezing

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13
Q

what is gas to liquid called

A

condensing

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14
Q

what is liquid to gas

A

evaporating

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15
Q

what is solid to gas called

A

sublimation

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16
Q

what is gas to solid called

A

deposition

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17
Q

what is energy?

A

energy is the ability to do work and produce change.

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18
Q

what is energy measured in?

A

Joules or calories

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19
Q

Where does most of earths accessible enrgy come from?

A

The sun in the form of solar radiation.

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20
Q

What are the two main types of energy?

A

Potential and kintetic

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20
Q

what is potential energy?

A

objects with potential energy appear as if they don’t have energy but when the right change occurs it changes to kinetic energy.

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21
Q

what is kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is energy that is associated with movement.

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21
Q

What is an energy transfer?

A

An energy transfer means moving energy form one object to another (eg. foot to soccerball)

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22
Q

What is an energy transformation?

A

Energy transformations involve changing one enrgy into another (eg. chemical to kinetic energy in an engine)

23
Q

What is energy efficency?

A

Energy efficency is how much energy is being used for the intended purpose out of the total energy.

23
Q

How do you calculate energy efficency?

A

useful energy divided by total energy multiplied by 100

24
Q

What is an sankey diagram and draw one.

A

a sankey diagram is used to represent energy efficency.

25
Q

how do you calculate kinectic energy (ke)

A

Ke=1/2 m v x 2
m= mas of object (km)
v=speed of object (metres per second)

26
Q

How do calculate Gravitatioanl Potential Energy?

A

GPE= m g h
m= mass of object (km)
g= 9.8 m/s x 2 (gravitational pull)
h= height in metres

27
Q

What is GPE (gravitational potential energy)?

A

GPE is how fast an object would fall when dropped from a height.

28
Q

What is the law of the conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be changed from one form to another.

29
Q

What does it mean when energy is lost?

A

Energy has transformed to a form that is no longer useful.

30
Q

What is conduction?

A

Conduction occurs when particles heat up and vibrate causing nearby particles to vibrate providing heat in a chain.

31
Q

What are poor conductors known as?

A

Insulators

32
Q

Name 3 insulators.

A

Some options are fur, water, copper, air, outer space

33
Q

What is convection?

A

Convection occurs when particles are heated up causing them to become less dense and rise whereas the denser particles sink.

34
Q

What is a current?

A

a current is moving electrical charges

35
Q

What is voltage?

A

voltage is the measurement of the amount of energy available

36
Q

what is the name of measurement that measures currents

A

amps

37
Q

what is the name of measurement that measures voltage

A

volts

38
Q

What is a dry cell?

A

A battery that has energy in the form of paste.

39
Q

What is a conductor?

A

a substance that allows currents to flow through it

39
Q

What is a wet cell?

A

A wet cell has energy in the form of liquid.

40
Q

What is the difference between a cell and a battery?

A

A cell is a single unit and a battery is a group of cells

41
Q

What are fours layers of the earth?

A

Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core

42
Q

What are the two parts of the mantle?

A

Upper and Lower mantle

43
Q

What are minerals?

A

Minerals are the building blocks of all rocks

44
Q

What are 2 examples of minerals?

A

Quartz, mica, feldspar, calvin carbonate to name a few

45
Q

What are the 4 charectistics of minerals?

A

There hardness, colour, streak and lustre

46
Q

What is Moh’s scale of hardness and what is it used for?

A

It is used for deciding whether or not a minerals can stratch the surface of another mineral.

47
Q

What does the term ‘rock’ mean?

A

Made up of minerals

48
Q

What are 3 types of rock?

A

granite, limestone, clay, pumice, basalt

49
Q

Is an ore a rock mineral or both?

A

An ore is both a rock and a mineral.

50
Q

What are ores?

A

Ores are rocks or minerals that contain elements that can be profitable.

51
Q

WHat is the difference between petrology and geology?

A

Petrology is the study of rocks, geology is the study of earth and its minerals.

52
Q

What is a native mineral?

A

A native mineral is made up of one element instead of multiple.

53
Q

What did ancient people use minerals for?

A

Decorations or paint

54
Q

What is an mineral?

A

A mineral is any natural substance found everyone.

55
Q

What are the two most common elemnts that make up the earth?

A

Oxygen and silicon

56
Q

What are silicates?

A

Silicates are an element made of oxygen and silicon.

57
Q

Are silicates common?

A

Yes as they are made up of oxygen and silicon which are the 2 most common elements found on earth.

58
Q

How long has earth been around compared to the universe?

A

Earth has been around abotu 1/3 of the universes life.

59
Q

What was earth created by?

A

Dead stars

60
Q

What is a paralell circuit?

A

A paralell circuit has more than one path for electricity to follow

61
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A series circuit only has one path for the electricity to follow.

Science (3 decks)

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