Yearly's Flashcards
Meosis
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
Mitosis
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus
Theory of evolution
species can change over time, that new species come from pre-existing species, and that all species share a common ancestor.
Newton’s First Law of Motion
An object will remain at rest, or will not change
its speed or direction, unless it is acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
net force = mass × acceleration
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
If object A applies a force on object B, object B will apply an equal force back on object A.
Homozygous
a term used to describe organisms that have two copies of the same allele
heterozygous
having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.
Genotype
genetic make-up of an object
Phenotype
describes the physical characteristic of an organism
Law of inheritance
made up of three laws: Law of segregation, law of independent assortment and law of dominance.
Distinguish between homozygous and heterozygous alleles.
A homozygous allele is when a gene or genes has two identical alleles whereas a heterozygous allele is when a gene has two different alleles.
Distinguish between genes and chromosomes
Genes are a specific part of DNA whereas chromosomes are threadlike structures within the cells that contain genes.
Alleles
Alleles are two or more matching genes. This can be one from your mother and another from your father.
Distinguish between a dominant trait and a recessive trait
Dominant traits are always expressed when the connected allele is dominant. Recessive traits are expressed only if both the connected alleles are recessive.
