Year 9 work Flashcards
What is Thermal energy?
The energy a substance or an object stores because of its temperature e.g. a car engine or lava
What is kinetic energy?
All moving things store a kinetic energy e.g a helicopter/dog
What is elastic potential energy?
The energy stored in a springy object when you stretch or squash it e.g a hairband or spring.
What is gravitational potential energy?
The energy stored in an object because of its position e.g. a stack of cards or a bungee jumper.
What is chemical energy?
Fuel (battery,food,wood,muscles,petrol.)
What is Magnetic energy?
Magnets
What are the four transfers of energy?
Mechanical working (a force or sound waves)
Electrical working (involving a current through a wire)
Heating by particles (conduction or convection.)
Heating by radiation (light waves/infared)
What is the rule for energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but transferred.
An open system..?
Can gain or loose energy to the ‘outside world’
Is the energy stored in a battery stored in what energy store?
Chemical
When a ball is thrown in the air, it goes from its kinetic energy store to…?
Gravitational potential energy store.
How is energy transferred away from a light bulb?
Via light and heat.
What is mass measured in?
Kilograms (kg)
What is weight measured in?
Newtons (n)
What is the formula for weight?
W = mg
What is the gravitational field strength of the moon?
1.6 N/kg
What determines the strength of the gravitational force of attraction?
The distance between the objects and the mass of the objects.
Is weight a force?
Yes
What is conduction?
Vibrating particles that transfer energy to neighboring particles
How does conduction work?
- As one end of a solid object is heated, energy is transferred to the kinetic energy stores of the particles in that end.
- This causes the particles to vibrate faster, and so they collide with their neighboring particles more often.
- As the collisions transfer kinetic energy, their neighbors also vibrate faster and collide more often with their neighbors.
- This process repeats over and over again so that energy is effectively passed along the object from one particle to the next.
- Even though its kinetic energy being transferred, we say that the object as a whole its heat/ thermal energy being transferred.
Which type of materials have a higher thermal conductivity?
Metals