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2024 Study Guide > Year 9 science test > Flashcards

Year 9 science test Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lightest particle inside an atom?

A

Electron

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2
Q

If an atom loses electrons…

A

becomes a positive ion

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3
Q

If an atom gains electrons

A

it becomes negatively charged

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4
Q

Atom

A

building blocks of matter

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5
Q

Matter

A

anything that takes up space and has mass

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6
Q

Proton

A

positive

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7
Q

Neutron

A

no charge

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8
Q

Electron

A

negative

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9
Q

Cation

A

A positively charged ion

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10
Q

Anion

A

A negatively charged ion

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11
Q

Acid

A

a chemical substance, usually a liquid, which contains hydrogen and can react with other substances to form salts

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12
Q

Base

A

a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions

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13
Q

Acid properties

A
  • Sour
  • Conduct electricity
  • Corrosive
  • Turns blue litmus paper red
  • Some acids react strongly with metals
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14
Q

Base properties

A
  • Feels slippery
  • Taste bitter
  • Corrosive
  • Can conduct electricity
  • Turns red litmus paper blue
  • Can react with certain metals
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15
Q

Ph scale

A

measures how acidic an object is. The scale has values ranging from zero (the most acidic) to 14 (the most basic).

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16
Q

Metals

A

Metals are on the left side of the periodic table.

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17
Q

Metalloids

A

Metalloids are in between both metals and non-metals. It is a chemical element that exhibits some metal and some nonmetal properties.

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18
Q

Non-metals

A

Non-metals are on the right side of the periodic table.

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19
Q

Alloys

A

An alloy is a metal combined with small amounts of other elements.

20
Q

Non-metals properties

A
  • poor conductors of heat and electricity.
  • brittle
  • dull
  • relatively low melting and boiling points.
21
Q

Metals properties

A
  • conducts heat & electricity
  • hard
  • shiny
  • malleable
  • fusible
  • ductile
22
Q

Lustrous

A

reflects light in a glossy and shiny way

23
Q

what level is water on a ph scale?

A

Pure water has a pH of 7

24
Q

Combustion

A

occurs whenever something reacts with oxygen gas and burns or explodes as it does so

25
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

when there is a restricted amount of oxygen that is being supplied to the reaction

26
Q

Corrosion

A

occurs when a metal reacts with water and air to form other compounds

27
Q

Acids and Metals

A

occur when acids react with metals, they form salt and hydrogen gas

28
Q

Neutralisation Reactions

A

occur when acids react with bases, they form a salt and water

29
Q

Acids and Carbonates

A

occur when acids react with carbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide

30
Q

Carbon Dioxide

A

CO₂

31
Q

Salt

A

NaCl

32
Q

Oxygen gas

A

O₂

33
Q

Water

A

H₂O

34
Q

Hydrogen Gas

A

H₂

35
Q

Aluminium + Oxygen gas

A

aluminum oxide

36
Q

Chemical digestion

A

occurs when your body breaks down large molecules though the help of enzymes

37
Q

Nuclear reaction

A

the conversion of an atom into an atom of another element

38
Q

Nuclear decay

A

the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation

39
Q

Transmutation

A

the process of an atom converting to an atom of another element

40
Q

Isotopes

A

atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

41
Q

Alpha decay

A

Nucleus ejects an alpha particle, which is a cluster of two protons and two neutrons

42
Q

Beta decay

A

Nucleus ejects a beta particle, which is given the symbol B

43
Q

Gamma decay

A

Protons and neutrons rearrange inside the nucleus but do not emit a particle

44
Q

Half-life

A

the time required for half of something to undergo a process

45
Q

Nuclear radiation

A

energy released as high-speed charged particles or electromagnetic waves.

46
Q

Alpha, Beta, Gamma Radiation

A

Alpha - Helium Nucleus - Slow - (+2)
Beta - Electron - Medium - (-1)
Gamma - Fast - (0)

2024 Study Guide (7 decks)

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