Year 8 Term 1 - Ghana Flashcards
What is a development indicator?
A statistic that tells is whether the country is developed or not
The number of adults who can read/write
Literacy Rate (Social/Economic)
Less industrialised country
LIC (economic)
The number of 0-1 year olds who die
Infant mortality rate (social)
The total of goods plus income from other countries
Gross National Income - GNI (economic)
The selling price of goods made in the country
Gross Domestic Product - GDP (economic)
More Industrialised Country
MIC (economic)
Ranking of country based life expectancy, education, standard of living etc
Human Development Index - HDI (social/economic)
Percentage of people who have access to clean water
Access to safe water (social)
The number of years you are expected to live
Life expectancy (social)
the number of children being born per woman
Children per woman (social)
The calories (food energy) consumed by one person
Calorie intake per person (social)
The number of babies born per 1000 women per year
Brith Rate (social)
The number of people dying per 1000 per year
Death Rate (social)
What is an HIC - High Income Country?
Countries with a GNI per capita above $12,000 e.g Germany and the USA
What is an LIC - Low Income Country?
Countries with a GNI per capita of $1000 or less e.g Chad and Ethiopia.
Most countries in Europe and North America are..
HICs
Most countries in Africa and Asia are…
LICs
Different regions of Ghana
Hot and dry savannah | warm, quite dry coastal savannah | hot and wet tropical rainforest
What is the debt cycle?
The country sells crops and minerals to other countries as usual
But the price for these have dropped again
So it does not earn as much as it had hoped
And it has to pay a lot of interest loans..
So it borrows more money
Which leaves it short of money for imports, and for development projects.
What is debt?
The paying back of (owing) money to another country with interest
Why was the Akosombo Dam built?
To encourage new industries and provide fishing/farming opportunities
Volta river is the main fresh water source for Ghana.
American company Valco received the right to produce aluminium in Ghana using dam electricity.
Positive impacts of the Akosombo Dam
Provides 80% of Ghana’s electricity
Important trade route
Renewable energy
Improved agriculture - more consistent water source
400 jobs were directly created
Negative impacts of the Akosombo dam
Land flooded to create dam - decline in money from farming and crops
80,000 people from 700 villages forced to resettle into 52 new ones - overcrowding
Ghana had to borrow $20 million and are still paying back debts today
American company took most of the electricity for themselves
Small scale development examples in Ghana
Electricity: solar panels, wind turbines, hydroelectricity
Shelter: tools, charities/donations
Food: food banks, wells
Benefits of building a well
Much cheaper than a dam - $2000 for one
Clothing and homes kept clean,
Less time taken to fetch water so more young people go to school
Less illness, so less money spent on medicine
Clothing and homes kept clean
Akosombo Dam vs Small scale development projects - well?
Wells - lives improved all over Ghana not just one place one lake Volta
More beneficial with a much smaller cost
What is fairtrade?
A group that makes sure workers from developing countries receive a decent wage
Ensures good working conditions
Makes sure that only adults are employed not children
Helps villages in developing countries to live healthily and happily
Looks after the environment
What is unfair trade?
Not getting a decent/fair price for food they grow
Child labour
Dangerous/poor working conditions
Increased poverty for LICs
Negative impact on environment
Long hours to work
Ghana situation
On Atlantic Ocean
Capital Accra
3 climate regions
Main river/lake Volta
Borders Burkina Faso, Togo and Ivory Coast
Main language and religion?
Christianity
English & Tribal languages
