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geography > Year 8 Brazil > Flashcards

Year 8 Brazil Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the capital of Brazil ?

A

Brasilia

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2
Q

What continent is Brazil found in?

A

It’s in the west of South America.

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3
Q

Why would people migrate?

A

Work/economy, natural disaster, war, bad climate, o join family, education, poverty, disease, better healthcare and increasing population.

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4
Q

Name two other major cities in Brazil ?

A

Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

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5
Q

What is the river running through the north of Brazil?

A

Amazon, river

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6
Q

What do you graphic location? Do most people in Brazil live?

A

By the coast

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7
Q

Why do people in Brazil choose to live near the coast?

A

There is access to flat land which is easier to build and form on. The wind can keep you cool, there is a water, source, imports and exports, fishing, natural resources.

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8
Q

Is Brazil below or above the equator?

A

below

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9
Q

What ocean is around Brazil?

A

Atlantic ocean

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10
Q

What tropic is it in ?

A

Capricorn

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11
Q

What is it the population like in the Amazon rainforest?

A

It’s sparsely populated, dense so difficult to travel, hot and wet and soiled are very weak 

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12
Q

What is it the population like in the north east ?

A

Sparsely populated, hot and dry, drought and unreliable rainfall, mountainous, and very thin soil .

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13
Q

What is it the population like in the central area ?

A

Sparsely populated, lack of government, focus, poor transport/infrastructure and soil is very thin

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14
Q

What is it the population like in the north east coast ?

A

Densely populated, Portuguese landed, there, reliable rainfall, and fertile, soil

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15
Q

What is it the population like in the south east coast ?

A

Densely populated, warm, but cool breeze, reliable rainfall, fertile soil, raw materials, and a lot of available jobs

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16
Q

What is in the emergent layer?

A

This layer contains a small number of very small trees, emerging to the top garden, 60 m tall 

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17
Q

What is in the canopy layer?

A

You’ll find the most animals and trees is the thickest layer

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18
Q

What’s in the under canopy layer?

A

Small young trees, and only very little sunlight is found here

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19
Q

What is on the forest floor?

A

Lots of rotten plants and dead animals are found here

20
Q

How have emergents adapted?

A

They have grown tall to reach sunlight?

21
Q

How how trees adapted to stop them falling over

A

They have buttress roots

22
Q

How have small plants called epiphytes adapted?

A

They go on high branches and feed on rain and nutrients from rooting leaves

23
Q

How do lianas adapt to reach sunlight

A

Thick vines reach sunlight by looping around tree branches

24
Q

Why are rainforests important?

A

They provide important habitats, many different species of animals live there, oxygen from the trees, takes in CO2, reducing emissions, trees, important resources, food, and tourism

25
Q

How has a toucan adapted ?

A

Bright colours to attract a mate, toucans hide in tree holes to stay away from prey, the large colourful bill deters predators, strong bill to crack open nuts, strong claws to grip onto branches easily

26
Q

How has a spider monkey adapted ?

A

High pitched noise to scare off predators,paws are like hands to eat fruit and nuts and to grip to trees, huge tail full balance in the canopy where they live they come through things with it, spider monkeys leap through the trees they have short strong thighs to give them more power when they jump

27
Q

How has a poison dart frog adapted ?

A

This without poison as defence, when the dart frogs sleeps it hides it sharp colours, bright colours are used to warn off predators and Suction pads on the toes help to cling to trees and leaves when climbing.

28
Q

How has a jaguar adapted?

A

Their fur keeps them camouflaged in the rainforest.
They are excellent swimmers and can climb trees using their large sharp claws to get their prey.
They are powerful, giving it the strength to move slowly and silently through the forest to stalk its prey

29
Q

What does indigenous tribe mean?

A

People who are indistinct, social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the land and natural resources where they live.

30
Q

What does uncontacted tribes mean?

A

Groups of indigenous peoples living without sustained contact with neighbouring communities and the world community.

31
Q

What does the Amazon rainforest us with?

A

Fresh water, medicinal plants, oxygen, minerals food.

32
Q

How does the rainforest provide us with fresh water ?

A

-1,100 rivers form the mighty Amazon River.
-20% of the world’s fresh water is found here
-The Amazon River provides countless services for humans, such as water for agriculture, transportation, and food.
-The Amazon River provides an important habitat for countless species, including over 2500 species of fish and river dolphins.

33
Q

How does the rainforest provide us with medicinal plants

A

-Thousands of plant species are used for traditional medical issues by local peoples.
-25% of all natural medicines were discovered here.
-Malaria, one of the most lethal diseases in Brazil, can be addressed by no less than 41 plants
-70% of plants found to have anticancer properties grow in the rainforest.
-With the Amazon disappearing quickly, the continuity of this knowledge for the health of future generations is under threat.

34
Q

How does the Amazon rainforest provide us with oxygen?

A

-The Amazon is considered the lungs of our Earth taking in enormous amounts of the carbon dioxide emitted by human activity and the burning of fossil fuels while providing us with the oxygen we breathe.
-The Amazon Rainforest produces about 20 % of the earth’s oxygen.
-Forests are our best defence against climate change, but their destruction and additional land conversion contribute to nearly 20 % of all global carbon emissions.

35
Q

How does the Amazon rainforest provide us with minerals ?

A

-The Amazon is one of the world’s largest producers of gold, copper, tin, zinc, and silver.
-Mining helps sustain Brazil’s economic growth in response to the ever-increasing global demand for metals like gold.
-However there is a problem, as demand grows so do the mines causing deforestation (cutting down of trees) and approximately 30 tons of mercury (which is poisonous) is dumped into the Amazon River every year.

36
Q

How does the Amazon rainforest provide us with food ?

A

-Rainforest products are a regular part of our global food supply.
-Around 80% of our favourite foods originally came from rainforests including coffee, chocolate, rice, tomatoes, palm oil, bananas, black pepper, pineapples and corn.
-This creates important jobs in the rainforest.

37
Q

How is farming a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Involves clearing land for cattle ranching, traditionally carried out by large TNCs such as McDonalds to produce fast food in HICs. Land is also cleared for cash crops. Eg . Soya grown in the Amazon is used to feed chickens in the UK which then become chicken nuggets for fast food chains.

38
Q

How is road construction a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Involves clearing rainforest to make ways for new transport networks. This supports other uses of the rainforest, as it makes highways to allow people in and raw materials out. Eg . The Trans-Amazon Highway extends 6000km into the Brazil’s interior.

39
Q

How is logging a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Involves felling trees for timber to feed the growing demand for furniture and building materials. Includes valuable hardwoods Eg. Japan’s demand for hardwood grown in Amazonia has risen to 11million m3 a year.

40
Q

How is settlement growth a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Population pressures (from growth and migration) mean that more people are seeking land. Eg. People from poorer parts of Brazil migrate along new roads into the Amazon, seeking new land and employment.

41
Q

How is mining a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Involves large scale deforestation to create large, open cast mines for mineral extraction. Minerals include bauxite, iron ore, tin, copper, lead, manganese and gold. Eg . Carajas in Amazonia is the world’s largest source of iron ore. The bauxite mine of the Juruti Project will result in the loss of 10,500 ha of rainforest.

42
Q

How is hydro - electric power a factor in the cause of deforestation? (Give an example)

A

Involves constructing a dam across a river to generate cheap and plentiful renewable energy. The reservoirs often flood large areas of cleared forest behind the dam. Eg . The HEP station at the Tucuri dam on the Tocantins River provides power for the Carajas iron ore mine.

43
Q

What is the definition of deforestation?

A

Deforestation is the decrease in forest areas across the world that are lost for other uses such as farming, urbanisation, or mining activities

44
Q

What are some causes of deforestation?

A

Mineral extraction, logging, cattle, farming, settlement growth, roadbuilding, crop farming.

45
Q

Name a favela in Brazil

A

Rocinha

46
Q

What is a favela

A

Shanty town in Brazil

geography (6 decks)

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