Year 7 Revision Cells and digestion Flashcards
The animal cell What does a animal cell have and do? -Nucleus (both) -cytoplasm (both) -a cell membrane (both) -mitochondria(both)
Nucleus- this controls what the cell does
Cytoplasm- this is jelly like suff where most chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane- a thin skin around the cell-it holds the cell together and also controls what goes in and what goes out
Mitochondria-these are the tiny structures inside the cell where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place. Respiration releases energy for the cell.
Plant cell
What does a plant cell have and do?
-Nucleus (both). -a cell wall
-cytoplasm (both). - a vacuole
-a cell membrane (both). -chloroplasts
-mitochondria(both)
Nucleus- this controls what the cell does
Cytoplasm- this is jelly like suff where most chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane- a thin skin around the cell-it holds the cell together and also controls what goes in and what goes out
Cell wall-a rigid outer coating made of cellulose it gives support to the cel
A vacuole-this is filled with cell sap a weak solution of sugar and salts
Chloroplasts-these contain chlorophyll used for photosynthesis. photosynthesis makes food for the plant.
Mitochondria- these are the tiny structures inside the cell where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place. Respiration releases energy for the cell.
Animals and plants are made up of lots of cells this means they are……..
A multicellular organism
But many living things are made up of only one cell these are called…….
Unicellular
What does the mouth do?
Digestion starts in the mouth. Here is where the teeth have a good old chew and mix the food with saliva. Saliva contains an enzyme called amylase that breaks down carbohydrates.
What does the oesophagus do?
This is the second part in the digestion this is the pipe that links the mouth to the stomach.
What does the stomach do?
This the third bit in the digestion. This is where the food mixes with protease enzymes which digest proteins. The stomach contains muscular tissue to move the stomach walls and churn up food.
Hydrochloric acid is present to kill off harmful bacteria and give a low pH for the enzymes to work.
What does the liver do?
The liver is fourth in the digestion. The liver makes bile which breaks fat into tiny droplets (emulsification). It’s also alkaline to give the right pH for the enzymes in the small intestine.
What does the pancreas do?
The pancreas fifth stage in the digestion. The pancreas contains glandular tissue which makes three enzymes.
Protease digests protein
Carbohydraes digest carbohydrates
Lipase digests lipids ie fats
What does the small intestine do?
The small intestine sixth in the stage of digestion.This produces more enzymes to further digest proteins carbohydrates and fats.
The food is also absorbed through the gut wall into the blood which then takes it around the body wherever it is needed.
What does the large intestine do?
The large intestine is seventh in the stage of digestion. Here water is absorbed so we don’t all shrivel up.
What does the rectum do?
The rectum is 8th in the stage of digestion this the 2nd last. Food usually contains some contains some materials that we can’t digest. This undigested food is stored as faeces. Here the digestion story ends when it poops out the anus.
What is the order of digestion?
Mouth Oesophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Small intestine Large intestine Rectum
