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HYMS Pharmacology > Year 2 Pharmacology > Flashcards

Year 2 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Amoxicillin

A

beta lactam antibiotic

broad spectrum

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2
Q

Methicillin

A

beta lactam antibiotic

gram positive

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3
Q

cefuroxime

A

transpeptidase inhibitor

broad spectrum antibiotic

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4
Q

benzylpenicillin

A

beta lactam

gram positive

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5
Q

oxytetracycline

A

30s inhibitor

broad spectrum

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6
Q

erythromycin

A

50s inhibitor

broad spectrum

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7
Q

Gentamycin

A

30s/50s inhibitor
aminoglycoside
broad spectrum
oto- and nephro-toxicity

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8
Q

Rifampicin

A

RNA polymerase inhibitor
broad spectrum
TB

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9
Q

Trimethoprim

A

DHF reductase inhibitor

UTI

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10
Q

Suxamethoxazole

A

PABA analogule

UTI

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11
Q

Vancomycin

A

peptidoglycan inhibitor
interferes with cell wall production
drug of last resort

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12
Q

Collistin

A

Polymixin

membrane detergent

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13
Q

Ciprafloxacin

A

broad spectrum

topoisomerase II inhibitor

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14
Q

Fusidic Acid

A

EF-G inhibitor

creams and eye drops

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15
Q

Aciclovir

A

DNA polymerase inhibitor

nucleotide analogue competes with endogenous nucloetide

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16
Q

Amantidine

A

viral ion channle disruptor - this prevents viral uncoating

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17
Q

Amprenavir

A

protease inhibitor

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18
Q

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

A

transpeptidase inhibitor

gram positive

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19
Q

Zidovudine

A

nucloside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

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20
Q

Clotrimazole

A

antifungal

prevents production of ergosterol

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21
Q

Fluconazole

A

antifungal

prevents the production of ergosterol

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22
Q

Nystatin

A

antifungal

binds to ergosterol therefore causes formation of pores

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23
Q

Amphoteraxcin

A

antifungal

binds to ergosterol therefore causes the formation of pores

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24
Q

Pyrimethamine

A

Antimalarial
inhibits DHF reductase
prevents schizoint division

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25
Q

Quinine

A

Antimalarial
Inhibits Haem polymerase; prevents parasite detoxification of blood
also used to treat Crohn’s disease (unclear mechanism)

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26
Q

Artemether

A

Antimalarial

results in the formation of oxygen free radicals which damage infected red blood cells

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27
Q

Griseofulvin

A

fungal mitosis inhibitor

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28
Q

Clobetasone

A

steroid

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29
Q

Decarbazine

A

alkylating chemotherapy agent

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30
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

alkylating chemotherapy agent

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31
Q

Rituximab

A

B cell CD20 antibody

used to treat blood cancers

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32
Q

Doxorubicin

A

anthracycline antibiotic
inhibits topoisomerase II
chemotherapy agent

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33
Q

Pacitaxal

A

microtubule stabilisation agent
prevents mitosis
used to treat advanced ovarian and breast cancers

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34
Q

5-flurouracil

A

competes with endogenous nucleotides for encorporation into DNA
prevents DNA replication

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35
Q

Etoposide

A

inhibits topoisomerase II

chemotherapy agent

36
Q

Vinblastine

A

tubulin polymerase inhibitor

destabilises the mitotic spindle

37
Q

Imatinib

A

tyrosine kinase inhibitor

used to treat CML

38
Q

Tretinoin

A

vitamin A analogue

used to treat skin conditions and promyelocytic leukaemia

39
Q

Cisplatin

A

alkylating chemotherapy agent

40
Q

what is the suffix of ACE inhibitors

A

-IPRIL

41
Q

Amiloride

A

inhibits ENaC

42
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic

inhibits NKCC2

43
Q

thiazide diuretic

A

inhibits NCC

44
Q

mannitol

A

osmotic load diuretic

45
Q

doxazosin

A

alpha-1 adrenoreceptor antagonist

46
Q

Spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist

potassium sparing diuretic

47
Q

Acetazolamide

A

inhibits carbonic anhydrase

48
Q

Phenobarbitol

A

barbituate

GABA agonist

49
Q

Desogestrel
Etonogestrel
Levonorgestrel

A

synthetic versions of progesterone

Contraception

50
Q

Oxytocin

A

used to induce labour

stimulates uterine contraction

51
Q

Dinoprostone

A

Prostaglandin E2

used to induce labour

52
Q

Azathioprine

A

inhibits purine synthesis

used to treat autoimmune conditions

53
Q

Diclofenac

A

NSAID

54
Q

Celecoxib

A

selective COX2 inhibitor

55
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

immunosuppressant

used to treat autoimmune conditions (RA, IBD)

56
Q

Ciclosporin

A

Immunosuppressant; inhibits calcineurin

57
Q

Salcatonin

A

Calcitonin preparation

Osteoporosis

58
Q

Raloxifine

A

SERM

HRT; osteoporosis

59
Q

Alendronate

A

Bisphosphonate

Osteoporosis

60
Q

Isoflurane

A

Inhaled anaesthetic agent

61
Q

Propofol

A

intravenous anaesthetic

62
Q

Lamotrigine

A

sodium channel inhibitor

used to treat epilepsy

63
Q

Phenytoin

A

sodium channel inhibitor
used to treat epilepsy
not used for absence seizures

64
Q

Carbamezipine

A

sodium channel inhibitor

used to treat epilepsy

65
Q

Valproate

A

inhibits GABA transaminase therefore potentiates the action of GABA
epilepsy

66
Q

ethosuximide

A

Ca channel inhibitor

absence seizures

67
Q

donepezil

A

acetycholinesterase inhibitor

alzheimers

68
Q

memantine

A 
NMDA antagonist (reduces glutamate toxicity)
alzheimer's
69
Q

Salbutamol

A

SABA

beta 2 agonist

70
Q

salmeterol

A

LABA

beta 2 agonist

71
Q

formeterol

A

LABA

beta 2 agonist

72
Q

montelukast

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

asthma

73
Q

Ipratropium

Tiotropium

A

anticholinergic bronchodilator

COPD

74
Q

Lidocaine

A

sodium channel blocker (Class I antiarrhythmic)

slows rate of depolarisation

75
Q

Atenolol

A 
beta blocker
class II antiarrythmic
76
Q

Amiodarone

A 
potassium channel blocker
class III antiarrythmic
prolongs repolarisation and refractory period
77
Q

Verapamil

A 
calcium channel blocker
class IV antiarrythmic
shortens plataeu
78
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Dopamine antagonist

antiemetic

79
Q

Allopurinol

A

purine antagonist

used to treat gout

80
Q

Kaolin

A 
adsorption agent (adsorbs water)
Anti-diarrhoea drug
81
Q

Isphagia Husk

A

bulk forming laxative

adds to bulk therefore aids peristalsis

82
Q

Lactulose

A

osmotic laxative

83
Q

Bisacodyl

A

laxative

84
Q

Atropine

A

antimuscarinic used to abolish reflex vagal cardiac slowing/asystole and bradycardia
may lessen degree of partial heart block
stimulates AV node

85
Q

Adenosine

A

slows conduction though the AV node

used to see if tachycardia is supraventricular (will abolish) or ventricular (no effect)

HYMS Pharmacology (2 decks)

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