Year 13 Research methods Flashcards
Content Analysis
is a type of observational technique which involves studying people indirectly, through qualitative data.
Thematic analysis
Thematic analysis
Empiricism
Information gained through direct observation or experiment.
Objectivity:
Observations and experiments should be unaffected by bias (such as researcher expectations).
Replication
It is important that research can be repeated and similar results obtained, this adds to the reliability of the study.
Control
Scientists seek to demonstrate causal relationships (internal validity), this helps us to predict behaviour. Typically done through Lab experiments.
Paradigm
A shared set of assumptions.
Paradigm shift
a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions. E.G Shift from Behaviourism - early 19th century - to the Cognitive approach - 1970’s.
Induction
involves reasoning from the particular to the general. For example a scientist may observe instances of a natural phenomenon and come up with a general law or theory.
theory construction
Induction
Deduction
Two ways of trying to provide evidence for a theory
Deduction
involves reasoning from the general to the particular, starting with a theory and looking for instances that confirm this. Darwin’s theory of evolution is an example of this.
Popper’s Falsification
Suggesting that theories/laws about the world should come first and these should be used to generate expectations/hypotheses which can be falsified. (you need to try an prove it incorrect)
Reliability
Reliability is a measure of consistency
Internal reliability
Measurement of consistency within itself
External reliability
Measurement of consistency overtime
