Year 10 AP1

Question 1

What is body composition?

Answer 1

Health-related component of fitness

The % of body weight which is fat, muscle, & bone

Question 2

What is muscular strength?

Answer 2

Health-related component of fitness

The amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance

Question 3

What is muscular endurance?

Answer 3

Health-related component of fitness

The ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

Question 4

What is flexibility?

Answer 4

Health-related component of fitness

The range of movement at a joint

Question 5

What is speed?

Answer 5

Skill-related component of fitness

The amount of time it takes to perform a particular action or cover a particular distance.

Question 6

What is agility?

Answer 6

Skill-related component of fitness

The ability to change the position of the body quickly.

Question 7

What is reaction time?

Answer 7

Skill-related component of fitness

The time it takes to react to a given stimulus

Question 8

What is balance?

Answer 8

Skill-related component of fitness

The ability to retain the body’s centre of mass about the base support

Question 9

What is coordination?

Answer 9

Skill-related component of fitness

The ability to use 2 or more body parts together

Question 10

What is power?

Answer 10

Skill-related component of fitness

The ability to perform strength performances quickly

Question 11

What are the 3 types of macro nutrients?

Answer 11

Carbohydrates, fats, & proteins

Question 12

Why are carbohydrates important? What are the 2 different types of carbohydrates? Give examples.

Answer 12

Carbohydrates are stored in the muscles & liver as glycogen, which is quickly converted into glucose & used to provide energy needed to work & exercise.

Complex carbohydrates e.g. starch found in foods such as bananas & brown rice.
Simple carbohydrates e.g. sugars in their natural form found in fruits and veg

Question 13

Why are fats important and what types of food include fats?

Answer 13

They provide energy with glycogen to help muscles work.

Bacon, cheese, oily fish, & nuts

Question 14

Why are proteins important, when is the only time protein will be used as a source of energy, and what types of food include proteins?

Answer 14

Builds muscles and repairs damage.
During extended periods of exercise e.g. a marathon.
Meat, poultry, fish, etc.

Question 15

What do the minerals calcium, iron, sodium, & potassium do?

Answer 15

Calcium - forms bones & teeth & strengthens bones
Iron - essential to blood, effects formation of red blood cells
Sodium - regulars body water & nerve functioning
Potassium - supports functioning of cells

Question 16

What do vitamins A, B1, C, D, & E do & where are they found?

Answer 16

A - supports vision, found in milk, cheese, & carrots
B1 - supports release of carbohydrates, found in nuts & meat
C - supports healing, found in oranges & veg
D - supports healthy bones, found in yoghurt
E - supports growth, found in cereals & bread

Question 17

What is cardiovascular endurance?

Answer 17

Health-related component of fitness

The ability of the heart to exercise the body for long periods of time

Question 18

What do resting heart rate, working heart rate, & recovery heart rate mean?

Answer 18

RER - heart rate at rest
WHR - heart rate during exercise
ReHR - Time taken for your heart rate to return to your RHR after exercise (the quicker this happens, the fitter you are)

Question 19

How do you work out a person’s max. heart rate?

Answer 19

220 - age

Question 20

What %s are you aerobic training zones & anaerobic training zones?

Answer 20

Aerobic = 60-80%
Anaerobic = 80-90%

Question 21

What are the benefits of monitoring someone’s heart rate during sports?

Answer 21

No iron how hard someone is working in a training session
To help select a sports team
To monitor injury rehabilitation

Question 22

What is a PAR-Q?

Answer 22

Physical activity readiness questionnaire
Used to assess a person’s physical state, so that they can exercise safely & efficiently when using a structured exercise programme.
Example Qs: How old are you? Are you pregnant? What sports have you done previously? What medical conditions do you have?

Question 23

What are the different fitness tests and what components of fitness do they measure?

Answer 23

Cooper’s run - cardiovascular endurance & muscular endurance
Hand grip strength test - strength
Sit and reach flexibility test - flexibility
Harvard step test - cardiovascular and muscular endurance
Illinois agility run - agility
Standing stork test - balance
Sergeant jump test - power
Standing broad jump - power
Ruler drop test - reaction time
30-metre sprint - speed
Three ball juggle - coordination

Question 24

What does and exercise session consist of?

Answer 24

A warm-up, main activity, & cool down

Question 25

What does a warm-up do and what should it consist of?

Answer 25

Raises body temperature
Increases your HR slowly to the intensity of the main activity
Practise skills before main event
Prepares you psychologically for the event

Consists of:
Pulse raiser - increases HR and warms up main muscle groups
Stretching - static stretching (still) & dynamic stretching (moving)
Specific skill practise - related to sport e.g. passing in netball

Question 26

What is the main activity?

Answer 26

Can be a training session, an exercise, a game, or a comp.

Question 27

Why do you cool down after the main activity?

Answer 27

Gradually get your body temp. back to normal

Gets rid of lactic acid in muscles that can cause muscle stiffness and soreness