Year 10 AP1 Flashcards
What does the cytoplasm do?
Chemical reactions in the cell.
What does the cell membrane do?
Let’s things in/out of the cell.
What does the cell wall do?
Protects cell, keeps it rigid, stops it popping.
ONLY IN PLANTS
What do chloroplasts do?
Photosynthesise, contains chlorophyll (green)
ONLY IN PLANTS
What does the vacuole do?
Contains sap
ONLY IN PLANTS
What does the mitochondria do?
Where respiration happens.
What do ribosomes do?
Makes synthesis proteins.
What is the photosynthesis equation?
Carbon dioxide + water ➡️ glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O ➡️ C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
How do you increase the rate of diffusion?
Increase the temperature
Increase the concentration gradient
Increase the S.A.
Decrease the diffusion distance
What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?
Light
Temperature
Carbon dioxide
What is an organ?
Made up of a group of tissues.
What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells working together.
What is an organ system?
Different organs combined to carry out a major bodily function.
What does the nucleus do?
Controls what happens in the cell, controls DNA
What organs are in the digestive system and what do they do?
Salivary glands - secretes saliva which contains enzymes to break down starch in food
Liver - secretes bile to aid digestion of fats
Pancreas - secretes pancreatic juices jock contain enzymes to break down starch, proteins, and fats
Stomach - where proteins are digested
Small intestine - where the enzyme from the pancreas work, where absorption happens.
Large intestine - more water absorbed, faeces created
What are the tissues in a leaf and what does it do?
Waxy cuticle
Upper epidermis - protects plants from pathogens, protects cells, stops too much water loss
Paliside mesophyll - close together, ordered, helps with photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll - spread out, big SA for gas exchange
Lower epidermis - protects plants from pathogens, protects cells, stops too much water loss
Stomata - Lets gasses diffuse in and out of the leaf
Guard cell
What are xylem and phloem tubes?
Found throughout a plant.
Transport water and nutrients through plant.
