Year 1 refresh Flashcards
anteroseptal MI leads, likely affected artery
V1-V4, LAD
inferior MI leads, likely affected artery
II, III, aVF, right coronary
anterolaterl MI leads, likely affected artery
V4-V6, I, aVL, LAD/circumflex
Lateral MI leads, likely affected artery
I, aVL, +/- V5-6, left circumflex
pansystolic murmur, displaced apex, radiates to axilla
mitral regurgitation
ejection systolic, carotid radiation, slow rising pulse, apex heave
aortic stenosis
mid diastolic rumble, tapping apex, malar flush
mitral stenosis
early diastolic murmur, displaced apex
aortic regurgitation
empirical treatment for native valve endocarditis
amox + gent
empirical treatment prosthetic endocarditis
vancomycin + gent
step 1 asthma treatment
SABA
step 2 asthma treatment
SABA + SAMA
step 3 asthma treatment
add LABA
step 4 asthma treatment
LAMA, add leukotriene
step 5 asthma treatment
daily steroid
small cell lung cancer is derived from, and secretes?
neuroendocrine cells, secretes ACTH
SCC lung cancer is dervied from and secretes?
epithelial cells, PTH secreting
TB drug side effects; Rimampicin
orange secretions
TB drug side effects; Isoniasid
peripheral neuropathy
TB drug side effects; Pyrazinamide
Gout
TB drug side effects; Ethambutol
pain, loss of vision
acute asthma treatment
O - oxygen 60% S - salbutamol neb H - hydrocortisone I - Ipatropium T - Theophyline M - Magnesium Sulphate A - Anathetist (spelling lol)
acute COPD
I - ipatroprium S - Salbutamol neb O - Oxygen A- Abx P - Prednisolone
MI treatment
M - Morphine O - O2 N - nitrate A - aspirin C - clopidogrel
ECG; describe 1st degree heart block
prolongation of PR interval
H.pylori diagnosis
stool antigen, C13 breath test
H.pylori eradication therapy
PPI + amox + clarithromycin
what is the most common cause of food poisoning?
Campylobacter
what food poisoning organisms cause outbreaks?
Salmonella, E.coli
what is the most common cause of viral diarrhoea in kids?
rotavirus
what has a short incubation period?
s.aureus, b.cereus. 1-6 hours
what has a medium incubation period?
salmonella, c.perfringens.
12.48 hours
what has a long incubation period?
campylobacter, E.Coli §
causes of bloody diarrhoea
campylobacter, shigella, e.coli
describe a direct inguinal hernias
medial to the inferior epigastric vessels
describe an indirect inguinal hernia
lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
where do femoral hernias occur?
lateral to pubic tubercle
where do inguinal hernias occur?
superomedial to the pubic tubercle
G cells secrete
gastrin
chief cells secrete
pepsinogen
parietal cells secrete
HCL and intrinsic factor
non severe C.diff treatment
oral Met for 10 days
severe C.diff treatment
oral vancomycin for 10 days
MAP = ?
DBP + 1/3rd pulse pressure
OR
CO x TPR
what is the second heart sounds?
closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
what is the 3rd heart sound?
stretch of a non compliant left ventricle
first heart sound is?
closure of mitral/tricuspid valves
