yawa Flashcards
PREVENTS THE INCIDENCE OF PRETERM BIRTH AND THE INFANT MORTALITY RATE.
prenatal care
purposes of prenatal care
-establish a baseline data
-determine the gestational age
-monitor fetal development
-identify patients at risk of complications
-minimize complications
Assessment and History Taking
● Vital signs
● Urinalysis
● Blood serum for screening of chromosomal disorder or neural defects
● Test for STD’s (eg. Syphilis)
● Glucose test (FBS, PPBS, OGTT)
● Anti-Rh (Rhesus) titer
● GBS screening (Group B streptococcus)
No. of pregnancies, including: present pregnancy, miscarriage or abortion, twins or triplets as one
gravida
No. of pregnancies that has passed 20 weeks, alive, twins or triplets count as one
para
No. of born at term: > 37th week gestation, alive or stillborn, twins or triplets as one
term
No or preterm infants (born <37th week), alive or stillbirth
pre-term
No. of spontaneous miscarriages or therapeutic abortions (infant born before 20th week), count with gravidity, twins and triplets count as one
abortion
No. of living children, twins or triplets count individually
live birth
No. of multiple pregnancies, twins or triplets count as one
multiple birth
PRESENCE OF QUICKENING (1st quickening-
16-20 weeks
ULTRASOUND screen for chromosomal defects
11-13 weeks
ULTRASOUND evaluation for fetal health
about 20 weeks
TYPES OF PELVIC
gynecoid
anthropoid
platypelloid
android
well rounded with wide pubic arch
gynecoid
narrow
anthropoid
flattened
platypelloid
MALE OR A SHARP PUBIC ARCH
android
signs of pregnancy
presumptive felt by mom
Morning Sickness
Amenorrhea
Changes in breast
Fatigue
Lassitude
Urinary Frequency
Quickening
bluish discoloration of the vaginal wall
Chadwick’s
softening of the lower uterine segment
Hegar’s
Uterine enlargement
12 weeks just above the symphysis pubis
softening of the cervix
Goodell’s
Ballotment
6th to 20th week
POSITIVE FETAL heartbeat
=10 weeks by Doppler
=16 weeks by fetoscope =18-20 weeks by auscultation
POSITIVE FETAL movement
Usually after 20weeks-felt by the examiner
Signs of Pregnancy PROBABLE Think Baby
CHUPBOGS
checks possible date of confinement or EDD
Naegele’s Rule
makes use of tape measure to know uterine growth and estimated fetal growth
McDonald’s Method and Rule
use to determine the length of fetus in cm
HAASE’s Rule
use of fetal weight
Johnson’s rule
COLOSTRUM at
2nd trimester
reddish, slightly depressed streaks
Stria Gravidarum
line of dark pigment
linea nigra
the mask of pregnancy, brownish patches of pigment
cloasma or melasma
Pigmentation –melanocyte- stimulating hormone – elevated from ——- month of pregnancy
2nd month
Weight gain
11-13 kgs
HORMONE OF WOMAN, INCREASE BLOOD & VASODILATION, CLOTTING FORMATION, MAMARY GLAND, UTERINE GROWTH
estrogen
HORMONE OF MOTHER, maintains endometrial lining,reduces contractility of the uterus, CAUSES FLUID RETENTION- edema,anemia, muscle relxant-constipationurinary retention, varicose veinspyrosis
progesterone
FIRST PLACENTAL HORMONE- SUPPORTS CORPUS LUTEUM for 3 months, positive PT 100th day of pregnancy, CAUSES morning sickness N/V, Negative results after 1-2 weeks after birth
HUMAN CHORIONIC GONODOTROPIN
EXCRETED BY OVARIES CAUSES LORDOSIS, WADDLING GAIT
relaxin
GROWTH PROMOTING AND LACTOGENIC,
RESPONSIBLE for GDM
human placental lactogen
CAUSES MELASMA, LINEA NIGRA
melanocyte stimulating hormone
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BREASTMILK
prolactin
MUSCLE RELAXANT
oxytocin
checks the presentation
fundal grip
checks the fetal back
umbilical grip
engagement
Checks the inlet of the pelvis
pawlik’s grip
fetal attitude
-degree of flexion
pelvic grip
fetal attitude
-degree of flexion
pelvic grip
OF TIMES PREGNANT INCLUDING PRESENT
GRAVIDA
OF PREGNANCIES THAT LASTED MORE THAN 20 WEEKS REGARDLESS OFOUTCOME
PARA
NEVER PREGNANT
NULLIGRAVIDA
1ST TIME pregnant
PRIMIGRAVIDA
2ND AND SUBSEQUENT pregnancy
MULTIGRAVIDA
NOT GIVEN BIRTH TO 20 WEEKS
NULLIPARA
BIRTH TO ONE BABY MORE THAN 20 WEEKS
PRIMIPARA
COMPLETED 2 OR MORE PREGNANCIES TO THE STAGE OF VIABILITY
MULTIPARA
BEFORE
ANTE
GESTATION
PREGNANCY
CONCEPTUS TO 10TH WEEK GESTATION
EMBRYO
10TH WEEK TO TERM
FETUS
CAPABILITY OF LIVING, 24 WEEKS
VIABILITY
OF LIVING CHILDREN
LIVING CHILDREN
ONE THAT EXTEND BEYOND THE DATE, AFTER 40 WEEKS, AFTER 294 DAYS FROM THE FIRST DAY OF LMP
POSTTERM
POSTDATE PREGNANCY
CERVICAL CHANGES AND UTERINE CONTRACTIONS HAPPENS 20-37 WEEKS
PRETERM LABOR
ANY BIRTH THAT OCCURS BEFORE 37 WEEKS
PRETERM BIRTH
SERIES OF PROCESSES IN EXPELLING FETUS AND PLACENTA
LABOR