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Science > Y8 Physics PPE revison > Flashcards

Y8 Physics PPE revison Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a force?

A

Push, Pull, Twist

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2
Q

what can you use to measure force?

A

Newton meter / Force meter

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3
Q

Name one common non-contact force

A

gravity, magnetic, Electrostatics

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4
Q

what is the unit for force?

A

Newtons (N)

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5
Q

Define balanced forces

A

Forces acting in opposite directions and are equal

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6
Q

Define unbalanced forces

A

Forces acting in opposite ways that are unequal

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7
Q

Name three common contact forces

A

Friction, air resistance, Reaction Force

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8
Q

What is a resultant force?

A

Difference between two forces

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9
Q

Give two ways of decreasing friction

A

Use Lubrication or Streamlining

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10
Q

What is a Thrust?

A

A violent push force

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11
Q

What is a Lift?

A

Forces that use motion to make a lift

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12
Q

What is Air Resistance?

A

Resistance force due to movement through air

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13
Q

What is Friction?

A

Resistance to rub objects together

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14
Q

What is gravity?

A

Force dragging the body and objects down

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15
Q

What is Upthrust?

A

Upward force of an object

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16
Q

What is Weight?

A

Downward force due to gravity

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17
Q

What happens when you stretch an object?

A

More force, more potential energy

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18
Q

Hooke’s law states that…

A

Extension of an object is directly proportional to the force that is applied to it provided that the line of proportionality is not exceeded.

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19
Q

What does directly proportional mean?

A

Relationship between two valuables, One increases and the other decreases

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20
Q

What equipment is needed to test Hooke’s law?

A

Retort stand, Clamp, meter ruler, weights, spring, mass hangar.

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21
Q

What are the risks for testing Hooke’s law?

A

May drop the weights or drop the clamp.

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22
Q

What is the independent variable for Hooke’s law?

A

Changing the Weight

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23
Q

What is the Dependent variable in Hooke’s law?

A

Extension of the Spring

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24
Q

What is the Controlled variable in Hooke’s law?

A

Using the same Spring

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25
Q

Describe Newton’s 1st law:

A

A body will remain at rest or move at constant velocity if forces are unbalanced

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26
Q

Describe Newton’s 2nd law:

A

Force = Mass x Acceleration

When an unbalanced force acts on an object it will accelerate.

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27
Q

Define a Scalar quantity with two examples:

A

Has size but no direction:

Time, Temperature

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28
Q

Define a Vector quantity with two examples:

A

Have both size and direction:

Weight, Velocity

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29
Q

What are the units for mass and weight

A 
Weight = SI
Mass = (kg)
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30
Q

What is the triangle equation for mass, weight and gravity?

A

Top: Weight (W)
Bottom Left: Mass (M)
Bottom Right: Gravity (G)

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31
Q

What are the rearranged equations for Mass, Weight and Gravity?

A 
Mass = Weight per Kilogram (M = W/KG)
Gravity = Weight / Mass (G = W / M)
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32
Q

What are the units for distance, speed and time?

A 
Distance = Meters per second (V = M/S)
Speed = Distance (S = M)
Time  = speed (T = S)
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33
Q

What is the triangle equation for distance, speed and time?

A

Top: Speed (S)
Bottom Left: Distance (V)
Bottom Right: Time (T)

34
Q

What are the rearranged equations for Distance, Speed and Time?

A 
Speed = Distance + Time (S = V + T)
Time = Speed / Distance (T= S / V)
35
Q

What are the Units for Acceleration, Change in Velocity and Time

A

Change in Velocity = meters per second squared ((triangle) V = m/s2)
Acceleration = meters per second ( = M/s)
Time = Speed

36
Q

What is the triangle equation for Acceleration, Change in Velocity and Time

A

Top: Change in Velocity ((Triangle) V)
Bottom Left: Acceleration (A)
Bottom Right: Time (T)

37
Q

What are the rearranged equations for Acceleration, change in velocity and time?

A

Change in Velocity = Acceleration X Time ((triangle) V = A x T
Time = Change in Velocity / Acceleration (T = (triangle) V / A)

38
Q

What are the Units for Force, Mass and Acceleration?

A 
Force = Newtons (F = N)
Mass = Kilograms (M = Kg)
Acceleration = Meters per second (A = M/s)
39
Q

What is the triangle equation for Force, Mass and Acceleration?

A

Top: Force (F)
Bottom Left: Acceleration (A)
Bottom Right: Mass (M)

40
Q

What are the rearranged equations for Force, Mass and Acceleration?

A 
Mass = Force / Acceleration (M = F / A)
Acceleration = Force / Mass (A = F / M)
41
Q

What are the units for Density, Mass and Volume?

A 
Mass = Kilograms (m = Kg)
Volume = cm3  (V = cm3)
Density =  Rho
42
Q

What is the triangle equation for Density, Mass and Volume?

A

Top: Mass (M)
Bottom Left: Density (P)
Bottom Right: Volume (V)

43
Q

What are the rearranged equations for Density, Mass and Volume?

A 
Mass = Density x Volume (M = P x V)
Volume = Mass / Density (V = M / P)
44
Q

What is the centre of an Atom called?

A

Nucleus

45
Q

What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Electron?

A

Mass: 0
Charge: -1
Location: Electron shells

46
Q

What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Neutron?

A

Mass: 1
Charge: 0
location: Nucleus

47
Q

What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Proton?

A

Mass: 1
charge: +1
Location: Nucleus

48
Q

What is a metallic Bonding?

A

Metal at a Positive charge with a sea of delocalised Electrons

49
Q

Explain Why metals can conduct electricity:

A

The moving electrons carry the current

50
Q

Give an Example of a good electrical conductor:

A

Pretty much any metal (Main one being Copper)

51
Q

Give an example of an electrical insulator:

A

Main one being Rubber

52
Q

What Phrase is used to describe the electrons in metallic bonding?

A

A sea of delocalised Electrons

53
Q

State two properties of Metals

A

Good conductor of Heat, Conductor of Electricity, Malleable, Ductile,

54
Q

Explain What Current is:

A

a flow of electricity which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles.

55
Q

Explain what Potential Difference is:

A

the difference of electrical potential between two points.

56
Q

Explain what Resistance is:

A

the degree to which a substance or device opposes the passage of an electric current, causing energy dissipation.

57
Q

Explain what Power is:

A

the rate of doing work, measured in watts

58
Q

Explain what Positively Charged is:

A

the state of having a deficiency of electrons; having a higher electric potential

59
Q

Explain what Negatively charge is:

A

Having a negative charge…..

60
Q

How can you increase the current in a circuit?

A

Add more batteries / Cells

61
Q

How can you add more Resistance in the Circuit?

A

Add more components or increase the resistance of the Resistor

62
Q

What is a Series Circuit?

A

All components are connected in a loop and all share the same Current

63
Q

What is a parallel Circuit?

A

Components are all Parallel and share the same Potential Difference

64
Q

What is Power?

A

The rate of which work is done

65
Q

What is resistance?

A

How hard it is for Electrons to move around the Circuit

66
Q

State Ohm’s law:

A

The current flowing through a wire is directly proportional to the potential difference across it, provided the temperature remains constant

67
Q

If you Have a high resistance, you will have a ___ current

A

Low

68
Q

If you have a low resistance, you will have a _____ current

A

High

69
Q

What equipment is required to test Ohm’s law?

A

Battery / Source of power, Fixed resistor, Voltmeter, Ammeter and Bulb

70
Q

What are the Risks whilst testing Ohm’s law?

A

Wires and resistors can overheat if too much voltage is in the current

71
Q

What is the Independent Variable in Ohm’s law?

A

The Voltage

72
Q

What is the Dependent Variable in Ohm’s law?

A

Current

73
Q

What is the controlled Variable in Ohm’s law?

A

Use all the same equipment

74
Q

What are the units used for Potential difference, Current and Resistance?

A

Potential Difference = Volts (V = v)
Current = Amps (I = A)
Resistance = Ohms (R = (Omega Symbol))

75
Q

what is the triangle equation for Potential difference, Current and Resistance?

A

Top: Potential Difference ( V )
bottom Left: Current ( I )
Bottom Right: Resistance ( R )

76
Q

What are the Units for: Power, Current and Potential Difference?

A

Power = Watts ( P = W )
Current = Amps ( I = A )
Potential Difference = Volts ( V = v )

77
Q

How do you convert mA to A

A

Divide by 1000

78
Q

How do you convert MV (Mega Volts) into V (Volts)

A

Multiply by 10 to the power of 6

79
Q

How do you convert m(Omega) to (Omega)

A

divide by 1000

80
Q

How do you convert kW into W?

A

x1000

81
Q

How do you convert MW to W

A

1 x 10 to the power of 6

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