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Y8 Physics PPE revison Flashcards

1
Q

what is a force?

A

Push, Pull, Twist

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2
Q

what can you use to measure force?

A

Newton meter / Force meter

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3
Q

Name one common non-contact force

A

gravity, magnetic, Electrostatics

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4
Q

what is the unit for force?

A

Newtons (N)

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5
Q

Define balanced forces

A

Forces acting in opposite directions and are equal

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6
Q

Define unbalanced forces

A

Forces acting in opposite ways that are unequal

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7
Q

Name three common contact forces

A

Friction, air resistance, Reaction Force

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8
Q

What is a resultant force?

A

Difference between two forces

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9
Q

Give two ways of decreasing friction

A

Use Lubrication or Streamlining

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10
Q

What is a Thrust?

A

A violent push force

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11
Q

What is a Lift?

A

Forces that use motion to make a lift

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12
Q

What is Air Resistance?

A

Resistance force due to movement through air

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13
Q

What is Friction?

A

Resistance to rub objects together

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14
Q

What is gravity?

A

Force dragging the body and objects down

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15
Q

What is Upthrust?

A

Upward force of an object

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16
Q

What is Weight?

A

Downward force due to gravity

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17
Q

What happens when you stretch an object?

A

More force, more potential energy

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18
Q

Hooke’s law states that…

A

Extension of an object is directly proportional to the force that is applied to it provided that the line of proportionality is not exceeded.

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19
Q

What does directly proportional mean?

A

Relationship between two valuables, One increases and the other decreases

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20
Q

What equipment is needed to test Hooke’s law?

A

Retort stand, Clamp, meter ruler, weights, spring, mass hangar.

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21
Q

What are the risks for testing Hooke’s law?

A

May drop the weights or drop the clamp.

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22
Q

What is the independent variable for Hooke’s law?

A

Changing the Weight

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23
Q

What is the Dependent variable in Hooke’s law?

A

Extension of the Spring

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24
Q

What is the Controlled variable in Hooke’s law?

A

Using the same Spring

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25
Describe Newton's 1st law:
A body will remain at rest or move at constant velocity if forces are unbalanced
26
Describe Newton's 2nd law:
Force = Mass x Acceleration | When an unbalanced force acts on an object it will accelerate.
27
Define a Scalar quantity with two examples:
Has size but no direction: | Time, Temperature
28
Define a Vector quantity with two examples:
Have both size and direction: | Weight, Velocity
29
What are the units for mass and weight
``` Weight = SI Mass = (kg) ```
30
What is the triangle equation for mass, weight and gravity?
Top: Weight (W) Bottom Left: Mass (M) Bottom Right: Gravity (G)
31
What are the rearranged equations for Mass, Weight and Gravity?
``` Mass = Weight per Kilogram (M = W/KG) Gravity = Weight / Mass (G = W / M) ```
32
What are the units for distance, speed and time?
``` Distance = Meters per second (V = M/S) Speed = Distance (S = M) Time = speed (T = S) ```
33
What is the triangle equation for distance, speed and time?
Top: Speed (S) Bottom Left: Distance (V) Bottom Right: Time (T)
34
What are the rearranged equations for Distance, Speed and Time?
``` Speed = Distance + Time (S = V + T) Time = Speed / Distance (T= S / V) ```
35
What are the Units for Acceleration, Change in Velocity and Time
Change in Velocity = meters per second squared ((triangle) V = m/s2) Acceleration = meters per second ( = M/s) Time = Speed
36
What is the triangle equation for Acceleration, Change in Velocity and Time
Top: Change in Velocity ((Triangle) V) Bottom Left: Acceleration (A) Bottom Right: Time (T)
37
What are the rearranged equations for Acceleration, change in velocity and time?
Change in Velocity = Acceleration X Time ((triangle) V = A x T Time = Change in Velocity / Acceleration (T = (triangle) V / A)
38
What are the Units for Force, Mass and Acceleration?
``` Force = Newtons (F = N) Mass = Kilograms (M = Kg) Acceleration = Meters per second (A = M/s) ```
39
What is the triangle equation for Force, Mass and Acceleration?
Top: Force (F) Bottom Left: Acceleration (A) Bottom Right: Mass (M)
40
What are the rearranged equations for Force, Mass and Acceleration?
``` Mass = Force / Acceleration (M = F / A) Acceleration = Force / Mass (A = F / M) ```
41
What are the units for Density, Mass and Volume?
``` Mass = Kilograms (m = Kg) Volume = cm3 (V = cm3) Density = Rho ```
42
What is the triangle equation for Density, Mass and Volume?
Top: Mass (M) Bottom Left: Density (P) Bottom Right: Volume (V)
43
What are the rearranged equations for Density, Mass and Volume?
``` Mass = Density x Volume (M = P x V) Volume = Mass / Density (V = M / P) ```
44
What is the centre of an Atom called?
Nucleus
45
What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Electron?
Mass: 0 Charge: -1 Location: Electron shells
46
What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Neutron?
Mass: 1 Charge: 0 location: Nucleus
47
What is the: Mass, Charge and Location of a Proton?
Mass: 1 charge: +1 Location: Nucleus
48
What is a metallic Bonding?
Metal at a Positive charge with a sea of delocalised Electrons
49
Explain Why metals can conduct electricity:
The moving electrons carry the current
50
Give an Example of a good electrical conductor:
Pretty much any metal (Main one being Copper)
51
Give an example of an electrical insulator:
Main one being Rubber
52
What Phrase is used to describe the electrons in metallic bonding?
A sea of delocalised Electrons
53
State two properties of Metals
Good conductor of Heat, Conductor of Electricity, Malleable, Ductile,
54
Explain What Current is:
a flow of electricity which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles.
55
Explain what Potential Difference is:
the difference of electrical potential between two points.
56
Explain what Resistance is:
the degree to which a substance or device opposes the passage of an electric current, causing energy dissipation.
57
Explain what Power is:
the rate of doing work, measured in watts
58
Explain what Positively Charged is:
the state of having a deficiency of electrons; having a higher electric potential
59
Explain what Negatively charge is:
Having a negative charge.....
60
How can you increase the current in a circuit?
Add more batteries / Cells
61
How can you add more Resistance in the Circuit?
Add more components or increase the resistance of the Resistor
62
What is a Series Circuit?
All components are connected in a loop and all share the same Current
63
What is a parallel Circuit?
Components are all Parallel and share the same Potential Difference
64
What is Power?
The rate of which work is done
65
What is resistance?
How hard it is for Electrons to move around the Circuit
66
State Ohm's law:
The current flowing through a wire is directly proportional to the potential difference across it, provided the temperature remains constant
67
If you Have a high resistance, you will have a ___ current
Low
68
If you have a low resistance, you will have a _____ current
High
69
What equipment is required to test Ohm's law?
Battery / Source of power, Fixed resistor, Voltmeter, Ammeter and Bulb
70
What are the Risks whilst testing Ohm's law?
Wires and resistors can overheat if too much voltage is in the current
71
What is the Independent Variable in Ohm's law?
The Voltage
72
What is the Dependent Variable in Ohm's law?
Current
73
What is the controlled Variable in Ohm's law?
Use all the same equipment
74
What are the units used for Potential difference, Current and Resistance?
Potential Difference = Volts (V = v) Current = Amps (I = A) Resistance = Ohms (R = (Omega Symbol))
75
what is the triangle equation for Potential difference, Current and Resistance?
Top: Potential Difference ( V ) bottom Left: Current ( I ) Bottom Right: Resistance ( R )
76
What are the Units for: Power, Current and Potential Difference?
Power = Watts ( P = W ) Current = Amps ( I = A ) Potential Difference = Volts ( V = v )
77
How do you convert mA to A
Divide by 1000
78
How do you convert MV (Mega Volts) into V (Volts)
Multiply by 10 to the power of 6
79
How do you convert m(Omega) to (Omega)
divide by 1000
80
How do you convert kW into W?
x1000
81
How do you convert MW to W
1 x 10 to the power of 6

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