Y4 - Hepatitis Flashcards
When are patients considered non-infectious after Hep A infection?
1 week after onset of jaundice
How do symptomatic patients with Hep A tend to present?
Abrupt onset of fever, abdominal pain, malaise, jaundice, nausea and vomiting
What are the common examination findings with Hep A?
Hepatomegaly
Clinical jaundice
What type of virus is Hep A?
RNA virus
True or false:
Hep A is associated with chronic liver disease
False
What is the mode of transmission of Hep A?
Faecal-oral
True or false:
Most infections with Hep A are symptomatic
True (70%)
Apart from kids <6y (who are mostly asymptomatic)
What are the main risk factors for Hep A?
MSM Travel to high risk areas Known food-borne outbreaks Employee in day care centre (kids are reservoir of hep A) Close contact with infected person
What are the two phases of a Hep A symptomatic illness split into?
Pre-icteric
Icteric
What are the key symptoms of Hep A infection?
Fever, malaise, nausea and vomiting, jaundice, hepatomegaly, RUQ pain, clay coloured stools
May also have: fatigue, headache, dark urine, pruritus
What are the 1st line investigations & expected findings for Hep A infection?
Serum transaminases elevated
Serum bilirubin elevated
Serum urea (elevated in fulminant hepatitis)
Serum creatnine (elevated in fulminant hepatitis)
How do you treat hep A?
Rest, fluids, analgesia, avoid alcohol
True or false:
Hepatitis B vaccine is not yet in the childhood vaccination schedule?
False
Implemented 2 years ago
Where is Hep B endemic?
S. east Asia, Africa etc.
How is Hep B transmitted?
IVDA, blood transfusion/blood products, vertical, sexual, sharing razors/toothbrushes, bites, cats, fighting, tattoos/piercings, surgery abroad
