Y10 Big Test 1

Question 1

Name…

2 long bones
2 short bones
2 flat bones
2 irregular bones

Answer 1

1) humerus, femur
2) carpals, tarsals
3) cranium, pelvis
4) vertebrae, patella

Question 2

Articulating bones:

Answer 2

Bones that meet at a joint to enable movement

Question 3

The 6 functions of the skeleton:

Answer 3

Many: movement (muscles contract & pull on the bone)

People: protection (vital organs)

Bring: blood cell production

Super: shape and structure (maintaining basic form of our body)

Sugary: support (for muscles and vital organs)

Sweets: storage (of minerals)

Question 4

Synovial joints are also known as:

Answer 4

Freely moveable joints

Question 5

Synovial joint:

Answer 5

An area of the body where two or more articulating bones meet

Question 6

Tendons:

Answer 6

Verŷ strong non elastic chords that attach MUSCLE TO BONE

Question 7

Bursae:

Answer 7

Sack filled with liquid, floating inside the joint, to reduce friction between tendon and bone

Question 8

Cartilage:

Answer 8

a tough but flexible tissue that acts as a buffer between the bones, preventing bone rubbing together (causing friction)

Question 9

Synovial fluid:

Answer 9

A clear and slippery liquid that lubricates the joint and stops the bones rubbing together

Question 10

Ligaments:

Answer 10

Bands of elastic fibre that attach BONE TO BONE, keeping the joints stable by restricting movement

Question 11

Synovial membrane:

Answer 11

The lining inside the joint capsule that secretes synovial fluid

Question 12

Joint capsule:

Answer 12

Tissue that stops synovial fluid from escaping and encloses, supports, and holds the bones together

Question 13

The shoulder is a ………. joint

Answer 13

Ball & socket

Question 14

The elbow is a …………. joint

Answer 14

Hinge

Question 15

The hinge joints at the knee and elbow can only……

Answer 15

1) move in one direction-enabling flexion extension

Question 16

The hinge joint at the ankle enables……

Answer 16

Planter flexion and dorsiflexion

Question 17

The ball and socket joint at the hip and shoulder enable……….

Answer 17

Rotation, adduction, and abduction, flexion and extension

Question 18

Muscles can only ….

Answer 18

Pull not push

Question 19

Muscles work in …..

Answer 19

Pairs

Question 20

Prime mover/ agonist:

Answer 20

Muscle that contracts to create movement.

Question 21

Antagonist:

Answer 21

The muscle that relaxes and lengthens to create movement

Question 22

Isotonic contraction:

Answer 22

Muscle contraction where the muscle changes length when it contracts. These can be concentric OR eccentric.

Question 23

Isometric contraction:

Answer 23

A muscle contraction where the length of the muscle doesn’t change when it contracts.

Question 24

Concentric:

Answer 24

when a muscle contracts and shortens

Question 25

Eccentric:

Answer 25

When a muscle contracts and lengthens