XRAY Diag Flashcards
Pneumonic for XRAY reading
ABCDE
A- airway (trachea, lung fields, lung markings)
B- bones (clavicles, count ribs 8-9-10 great)
C-cardiac silhouette mediastinum.
D-diaphragm and gastric bubble (air, castrophrenic angle sharp)
E- everything else (electrode, foreign body, port..)
Preferred CXRAY
PA View
4 indications for lateral chest
- localize a lesion seen on frontal CXR
- clarify lobar collapse/ consolidation
- explore a retrosternal or retrocardiac shadow
- to confirm the presense of fluid in one of the tissues
always left lateral view, beam enters on right
Ottawa Ankle Rules
An ankle X-Ray series is only required if there is any pain in the malleolar zone and…
Bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the lateral malleolus (A)
OR
Bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the medial malleolus (B)
OR
An inability to bear weight both immediately and in the emergency department for four steps
Scaphoid Fracture
Most common carpal fracture, although it is actually hard to see on plain films
Must not be missed as the scaphoid is poorly vascularized and will often not heal properly if not treated correctly
MOI: FOOSH, with pain in the wrist and hand
Snuff box tenderness (suspect fracture in anyone with classic MOI and then tenderness even if X-rays negative)
CT, MRI, Bone Scan
Immobilize with thumb spica
Refer to hand
Extremity Trauma
Long bones that exist in the extremities are subject to multiple mechanisms of injury
Muscular or soft tissue injuries are generally diagnosed by clinical exam and MRI imaging
Bony injuries are generally diagnosed by clinical exam and Xray imaging
Occasionally, CT imaging has a role in extremity injury
Fractures have certain morphologies and nomenclature that are descriptive and important to understand
Ankle fractures not that common
- do not miss masionneuve fracture
-fifth metatarsal fracture most common
