EKG Flashcards
P WAVE
atrial depolarization
QRS
ventricle depolarization
T WAVE
ventricle repolarization
PR interval
0.12-.20
QRS
0.06-0.12
Limb Leads
RA, LA, RL (neutral or grounding lead), LL
Standard Limb Leads
(Einthoven’s Triangle)
I – lateral wall
II – inferior wall
III – inferior wall
Augmented Limb Leads
AVR - junk lead, non-specific view
AVL – lateral wall
AVF – inferior wall
Contiguous Leads
*Lateral wall: I, aVL, V5, V6
*Anteroseptal: V1, V2, V3, V4
Septum V1, V2
Anterior wall V3, V4
*Inferior wall: II, III, aVF
Positive or Negative
A wave of electrical depolarization moves parallel to the direction of a lead. If it moves towards the positive pole of the lead, a positive deflection occurs on the ECG. If it moves away from the positive lead, towards the negative pole of the lead, a negative deflection occurs on the ECG.
AXIS
Axis is the overall direction of electrical activity in the heart
Should be downward and to the left (between -30 and 90)
If axis is deviated it can indicate various problems such as hypertrophy, BBB, tissue damage, conduction abnormalities
Easiest way to determine axis is look at
leads I and aVF
Quick Read Method
300
150
100
75
60
50
LVH on EKG is specific
s wave in v1 or v2
plus
r wave in v5 or v6
or
r wave in AVL greater than 11
sum more than 35
Lateral Wall Contiguous Leads
I, AVL, V5, V6
Inferior Wall Contiguous Leads
II, III, AVF
Anteroseptal Contiguous Leads
V1, V2, V3, V4
AXIS Leads
lead I and AVF
LEAD 1 POSITIVE
LEAD AVF POSITIVE
NORMAL AXIS 0 TO +90
LEAD1 POSITIVE
LEAD AVF NEGATIVE
POSSIBLE LAD O TO -90
PRECORDIAL LEADS
V1 SEPTAL
V2 ANTEROSEPTAL
PRECORDIAL LEADS
V3 ANTERIOSEPTAL
V4 ANTERIOR
PRECORDIAL LEADS
V5 LATERAL LEFT VENTRICLE
V6 LATERAL LEFT VENTRICLE
