Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

D2: 621 Radiology > X-ray Safety > Flashcards

X-ray Safety Flashcards

1
Q

How does a low energy x-ray photon interact with an atom?

A

It causes the outer shell electron to vibrate. Then the electron returns to its stable state after releasing the photon’s energy as heat or light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does a High Energy x-ray photon interact with an atom?

A

It ejects an electron creating an ion and a free electron called an ion pair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If a photon has enough energy to knock out an atomic electron, what is it called?

A

Ionizing radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens if an atom that is ionized by a photon is part of a large molecule?

A

It can destroy the molecule’s ability to complete its cellular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is it dangerous to ionize water?

A

Free radicals can result

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is Hydrogen peroxide created by water ionization?

A

two OH free rads combine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is Hydroperozyl created by water ionization?

A

When an H radical combines with an O2 molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Direct Effect ionizing radiation

A

Energy of ionization that is directly imparted to critical chemicals like DNA, RNA, Enzymes, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is indirect effect ionizing radiation

A

When the radiation causes problems like water ionization that injure the cell via free radicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the time between the exposure and the observed effect of the radiation called

A

latent period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are Alpha particles more damaging than x-rays or gamma rays?

A

They have a higher LET or linear energy transfer which means they unload all or their energy in a small space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the quality dose factor for neutrons

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Radium and Thorium create what type of ionizing radiation?

A

Alpha particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the quality dose factor for alpha particles?

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the quality dose factor for xrays

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If tissues divide quickly, are they more or less susceptible to radiation?

A

More

17
Q

What two tissues are the least susceptible?

A

Nerve and Muscle

18
Q

Why don’t you want to hold a drifting tube head?

A

Radiation burns and skin cancers

19
Q

What is the threshold for CNS Syndrome

A

50+ grays

20
Q

How long will CNS system patients live?

A

3 days, swelling in brain and spinal cord

21
Q

What is the second most serious Total Body Irriadiation syndrom

A

GI Syndrome

10-50 grays

No survivors

22
Q

What is the third most serious total body irradiation syndrome

A

Bone Marrow

2-10 grays

23
Q

What is the greatest source of exposure to Americans

A

Radon in the earth’s crust. 54% of our annual exposure

24
Q

Does exposure = dose?

A

No. Exposure is the amount coming out of the machine.

Dose is the amount absorbed by patient tissues

25
Q

What is the maximum permissible dose for the dental team

A

50 mSv

26
Q

What are the 3 tissues effected the most

A

Bone marrow

27
Q

How can you reduce scatter

A

Use aluminum filtration

28
Q

How thick should the aluminum filtration be?

A

2.5 mm

29
Q

What does the aluminum filtration do?

A

Filters out low energy photons that will cause fog

30
Q

What is collimation

A

Restricting the size and cross-sectional area of the beam

31
Q

What is the max size of a round cone beam?

A

7 cm by law

32
Q

What is the better shape for the beam?

A

Rectangular

33
Q

Do you want a long cone or a short cone

A

Long, it reduces beam divergence more an more accurate beam

34
Q

How often do x ray machines get checked in virginia?

A

Once every three years

35
Q

what is the safe distance from the cone

A

6 feet

36
Q

What product should you use for surface disinfection

A

quarternary disinfectant

37
Q

How long do quarternary disinfectants last once diluted

A

28 days

38
Q

What is the surface difinfection technique

A

spray….wipe…..spray

D2: 621 Radiology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions