X Ray Presentations

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

-Large lung fields with hyperlucency (dark patches)
=Emphysema/ bullae (larger)
=Areas of reduced lung markings
=Tend to affect upper zones
-Flattened diaphragms
-Narrow mediastinum

-CT= centrilobular/ paraseptal (along edge) = darkness of air bubbles

Question 2

Bronchiectasis

Answer 2

-CT= signet ring appearance (widened airways)

Question 3

ILD

Answer 3

-Generally increased interstitial markings
-Reduced lung volumes
-Highly nonspecific

-Periphery and works in
-CT= honeycomb (small cysts) in base of lung/ ground glass abnormalities (scuffed glass)

Question 4

Pneumonia

Answer 4

-Alveolar filling
-Air bronchogram

-Often focal abnormality
-Airspace shadowing
-Loss of heart border
-Blunted costophrenic angle

Question 5

Pleural effusion causes

Answer 5

->250ml visible on erect CXR (between lung and chest wall)

-Infection
-Malignancy
-HF
=Rheumatoid
=Serositis
=Renal failure
=Chylothorax
=PE
-Pleural aspirate needed

Question 6

Pneumothorax

Answer 6

-Darkness
-Absence of lung markings