x-ray Flashcards
Best view for uncinate processes
Pillar
Best view for greater tuberosity
external rotation
Tube tilt for AC joint
5 cephalad
20 degree tube tilt, FFD should be adjusted by:
moving closer 4 in
Best view for lung apices
Lordotic
What view has hand flat on table
medial oblique elbow
Visualize intercondylar fossa
tunnel view
patellofemoral joint
sunrise
normal kohler’s teardrop
7mm
Best view to see fx through anterior and posterior arch of atlas
APOM
Tube tilt for anterior oblique in cervical spine
15 degrees caudal
LPO lumbar oblique, looking at: (2)
left pars
right SI joint
Tube tilt for A-P sacral view
15 cephalic
Frog leg tube tilt and distance
no tube tilt
40 FFD
cervical view that requires tube tilt
APLC (15 cephalad)
tube tilt for A-P coccyx
10 caudal
IVFs in lumbar spine
lateral
Lumbar gravity line drawn at ___ and falls through ___
L3
sacral base
Best to see basilar invagination
Lateral cervical
Thoracic X-rays breathing instructions
suspended inspiration
scaphoid fx best seen on
PA with ulnar deviation
Not part of normal ankle series
lateral oblique
troubleshooting a dark film
developer too hot
troubleshooting a light film
developer too low
Inadequate developer
Brown film
Inadequate fixer
milky film
reason for small focal spot
better detail
best way to prevent scatter from reaching patient
collimation
____ is inversely related to contrast of xray
KVP
a grid ___ patient dose and ___ image quality
increases
increases
When the useful beam gets slowed down because it interacts with the target nucleus= _____ radiation
Bremsstrahlung
what causes X-ray to become brown
exhausted developed
change to decrease magnification
decrease OFD
Primary form of scatter radiation
compton
screen film contrast test
wire mest test
where does thermionic emission occur
focusing cup
side effect of grid
increases patient dose
what will give image best detail
small filament
___ best decreases contrast
high kVp
if FFD is doubled, what do you do to obtain a quality radiograph
4x mAs
green of blue tint is used to
reduce glare
changes AC to DC
rectifier
brings out latent image
developer
removes exposed silver halide crystals
rinse
hardens image
fixer
removes developer and fixer
washing