WWll Notes 1 Flashcards
Who were the Allied Powers?
Great Britain, France, China, Soviet Union, United States
Who were the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy, Japan
Who was the leader of Germany
Adolf Hitler
Who was the leader of Italy?
Benito Mussolini
Who was the leader of Japan?
Hideki Tojo
Who was the leader of Soviet Union/Russia?
Joseph Stalin
Who was the leader of the US?
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
What were the main causes of WWll
The Treaty of Versailles
The Spread of Tatalitarianism
Expansion
The Treaty of Versailles?
- Ended WWl
- Demanded that Germany pay resparations (fees/payments) for damages and expenses caused by the war
- Severly damaged Germany’s economy
- New democratic governments that emerged in Europe after the war started to struggle
The Spread of Totalitarianism?
- Nationalism more prevalent in Europe
- Communist state- The Soviet Union
- Joseph Stalin took over in 1924
- Fascism in Italy and Nazi Germany
- Militarism in Japan
Expansion?
- Japan launched surprise attack on Chinese province of Manchuria
- Japan launched another invasion deeper into China thats seized lands in eastern Asia
- Italy targeted Ethiopia in Africa
- Germany began military build up and violated the treaty of versailles because hitler thoughy it was dumb
- Germany sent troops into Rhineland and then into Austria and took over
- Germany said their citizens were being abused in Czechoslovakia and Britain and France had promised to protect Czech
What ended WWl
The treaty of Versailles
War-Guilt Clause
placed the blame for the war entirely on Germany
How did the treaty of versailles affect Germany
- Germany didnt have enough money to pay the resparations.
- Stripped Germany of all overseas colonies and border territories
- Had to give some of their major industrial regions in which made paying reparations harder
- prices on goods rised
Why were Italy and the Soviet Union angered by the treaty of Versailles
they felt that they were ignored during peace talks and that their efforts were overlooked
nationalism
loyalty and pride in one’s country above all else
what did russias civil war result in?
the creation of a communist state (The Soviet Union)
What were Joseph Stalin’s goals
- to create an ideal communist state
- agricultural and industrial growth
- transform the SU from a country lacking im technology to one leading in it
what did joseph stalin do
- abolished all privately owned farms and repacled them with collectives
- created 5 year plam for industrialization
- helped make the SU the worlds second-largest industrial power
- successfully created a totalitarian gov’t
- responsible for 8-13 million deaths
collectives
large government owned farms worked by hundereds of families
what is a totalitarian gov’t
the government has complete and total control and individuala have no rights
Benito Mussolini
- created another totalitarian regime in Italy
- powerful speaker
- promised a return to the glory of Rome
- created the fascist party in 1921
- marched on Rome with his follower and forced the King of Italy to hamd over power
what was the fascist party
when the strength of the nation relied on a single strokg rulernwith a small group of supporters
Adolf Hitler
- powerful public speaker
- emphasized german pride
- promised to bring hermany out of chaos
- promoted racial purification
- promoted national expansion amd said that if germnay was going to thrive, it needed more living space
- established the third reich (third germany empire)
