WWII: The Holocaust

Question 1

Who was Hitler?

Answer 1

Chancellor of Germany

Question 2

When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

Answer 2

1933

Question 3

What is persecution?

Answer 3

The cruel or ill treatment of a person

Question 4

What is racial persecution?

Answer 4

Persecuting someone on the grounds of their appearance

Question 5

What is religious persecution?

Answer 5

Persecuting someone on the grounds of their religious beliefs

Question 6

What is hostility, prejudice or discrimination against Jews known as?

Answer 6

Antisemitism

Question 7

How long have Jews been persecuted for?

Answer 7

Centuries

Question 8

What year were the Nuremberg Laws enacted?

Answer 8

1935

Question 9

What are the Nuremberg Laws

Answer 9

The Nuremberg laws acted as a way to strip German Jews of their rights. They removed citizenship from German Jews and forbid them to marry Aryan Germans

Question 10

What year was Kristallnacht?

Answer 10

1938

Question 11

What does Kristallnacht mean?

Answer 11

Night of the Broken Glass

Question 12

What is Kristallnacht?

Answer 12

A Jewish man shot a Nazi in the German Embassy in Paris

Attacks on Jewish property and businesses began on the night of the 9th November

Hitler fined the Jewish population 1 billion Reichsmarks as compensation for the damage.

The fact that there was no international intervention meant that violence against the Jews escalated even further as there were no repercussions.

Question 13

What is a ghetto?

Answer 13

Part of a city, especially a slum area, occupied by a minority group or groups

Question 14

What were conditions like in the ghettos?

Answer 14

Poor. People died of starvation and disease regularly.

Ghettos were often sealed off from the outside with only one point of entry.

Question 15

What was the Warsaw Ghetto like?

Answer 15

In Poland

More than 400,000 people lived there

Was one of the biggest ghettos

Over 70,000 died of starvation and disease
300,000 were taken to concentration camps and murdered

An uprising left 10,000 dead.

Question 16

What was the Kaunus Ghetto like?

Answer 16

In Lithuania

Around 30,000 people lived there

They were mainly Jews from Kaunus

10,000 were shot in October 1941

In 1943, the ghetto was turned into a concentration camp.

Most were shot or sent to other concentration camps.

Question 17

What is a concentration camp?

Answer 17

Where people were held against their will. There was often an element of hard labour within this imprisonment

Question 18

What is an extermination camp?

Answer 18

A place that minority groups or enemies of the state were sent for the purpose of being killed.

Question 19

What were the Einsatzgruppen?

Answer 19

Paramilitary death squads responsible for killing people in concentration and extermination camps.

Question 20

What was Auschwitz-Birkenau like?

Answer 20

Located in Poland near Krakow

It was a concentration/death camp

Many medical experiments took place here

Auschwitz was the concentration camp

Birkenau was the extermination camp

Over 1 million people died here

Question 21

What types of resistance against the Holocaust were there?

Answer 21

Armed resistance

Rescuing Jews

Recording Nazi crimes

Preserving culture

Sustaining morale

Question 22

Explain the secret school in Kaunus

Answer 22

Established in 1941

Secret schools were opened and banned repeatedly.

Children taught normal lessons and Jewish culture.

It was mainly aimed at preserving education and Jewish culture

In 1944, any remaining children in the Kaunus ghetto were killed.

Question 23

Explain the Warshaw Ghetto Uprising

Answer 23

Most famous ghetto uprising

An armed rebellion against the Nazis in 1943 to stop deportations to Treblinka death camp.

Led by the Jewish Fighting Organisation

The revolt lasted from 19th April 1943 - 16th May 1943

Question 24

Why did people get involved in the Holocaust?

Answer 24

There were many different reasons from the hatred of the Jews to fear for their own lives.

Children were given Race Lessons in which they were taught the inferiority of the Jewish race and therefore it was ingrained in many people.