WWII

Question 1

Axis Powers: leaders & countries

Answer 1

Germany, Japan, Italy

Question 2

Allied Powers: leaders & countries

Answer 2

GB, France, USA, USSR(later)

Question 3

Blitzkrieg

Answer 3

a way to attack that involves rapid, quick assault (first war to use?) Involved: Tanks, Soldiers, Planes, Noisemaker

Question 4

Nonaggression pact

Answer 4

agreement to not fight (Germany and Soviet Union agreed not to take military action against each other for the next 10 years)

Question 5

Appeasement

Answer 5

making concessions to dictorial powers to avoid conflict.

Question 6

Isolationism

Answer 6

During the 1930s, the combination of the Great Depression and the memory of tragic losses in World War I contributed to pushing American public opinion and policy toward isolationism.

Question 7

Unilateralism

Answer 7

the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations

Question 8

Hitler’s invasion of USSR (June, 1941)

Answer 8

Hitler goes against the Nonaggression Pact and stuns Stalin, so Stalin joins the war on the side of the Allied Powers (GB, USA, France).

Question 9

Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941)

Answer 9

Japan sneak attacks the navy base Pearl Harbor in Hawaii (USA) Pearl Harbor bombed Dec. 7, 1941
* This event marked the U.S.’s involvement in WWII

Question 10

Executive Order 9066

Answer 10

order signed by Roosevelt that allowed for the relocation of Japanese American citizens. put them in camps b/c we didn’t trust any Japanese after Pearl Harbor

Question 11

Japanese internment

Answer 11

took Japanese out of their homes and sent them to camps to help prevent more invading. idea to move western Japanese people to eastern side so they would be father from Japan.

Question 12

Kataoka family

Answer 12

Refer to “Home was a Horse Stall”

Question 13

Issei/nissei

Answer 13

Issei-The first generation of immigrant Japanese Americans-were not allowed to become naturalized American citizens until 1952
Nissei- Second-generation Japanese Americans-first American-born generation

Question 14

Civil Liberties Act of 1988

Answer 14

signed august 10, 1988 by Ronald Regan. passed by congress to provide apology and

Question 15

Korematsu v. U.S

Answer 15

Supreme Court case of a Japanese American citizen who refused to go to the Japanese internment camps set up by the US government. Review the document (in the Executive Order 9066 packet) and the majority and dissenting opinions.

Question 16

Wartime economy

Answer 16

when a country is at war they focus more on financial planning so they can have extra money to use towards the war

Question 17

Female workers

Answer 17

in WWII women got jobs that men had done before they left for the war. they filled in for the men and the time also filled so they would feel less sad about their husbands being gone.

Question 18

Sybil Lewis

Answer 18

Strong African American woman who faced discrimination, but pushed through it and worked very hard to do what she wanted despite the discrimination she survived

Question 19

Adele Erenberg

Answer 19

woman who worked in a machine shop and faced discrimination. fought her way for higher wages and equality

Question 20

Inez Sauer

Answer 20

elite woman who decided to work despite her family’s disapproval- mother was afraid she was essentially get raped when working in a factory.

Question 21

gender roles

Answer 21

expectations for women changed because before WWII, they were expected to remain in the private sphere at home and take care of the household and children, and after WWII, they were expected to work at factories for the war effort and were encouraged to do so. After soldiers returned from WWII, they were expected to go back home and many didn’t want to be stuck in the roles that were expected of them.

Question 22

D-Day

Answer 22

• June 6, 1944-Invasion of Normandy

- was the day Allied troops crossed the English Channel and opened a second front in western Europe during World War II.

Question 23

Hiroshima

Answer 23

first bomb dropped by the US on Japan on August 6, 1945

Question 24

Nagasaki

Answer 24

second bomb dropped by the US on Japan on August 9, 1945; 1 day after the USSR invaded Japan

Question 25

GI Bill

Answer 25

US law that paid for education expenses for returning veterans; many blacks benefited especially from this opportunity

Question 26

General George Patton

Answer 26

American general who was involved in the Normandy invasion and the Battle of the Bulge; known for his great ability in tank warfare -review his speech in your packet

Question 27

Cold War (1945-1991)

Answer 27

Who: -US (West) v. USSR (East)
Why: -Competition to be #1 superpower
-“Cold” because the US and USSR never fought each other DIRECTLY
What: -Proxy Wars: indirect fighting between US & USSR (i.e. Korean War, Vietnam War)
-Began: End of WWII; atomic bombs dropped on Japan (1945) Truman
-Ended: Soviet Union (USSR) collapsed (1991)

Question 28

Containment

Answer 28

Kennan, U.S. state department official, and expert on the USSR, urges a policy of containment towards Soviet expansion

Question 29

McCarthyism

Answer 29

going after Americans who some suspected of being spies and bringing them in front of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) to accuse them; many people’s reputations were ruined because of the accusations

Question 30

Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)

Answer 30

if the US fired a nuclear weapon, the USSR could retaliate; so theoretically there was a balance of power that made things somewhat safer because it was unlikely that rational leaders would launch a nuclear first strike

Question 31

Dwight Eisenhower (1953-61)

Answer 31

Going to the brink of war while threatening massive retaliation
Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)
Reduced conventional forces
Highway Act of 1956: the birth of the commute

Question 32

Military-industrial complex

Answer 32

The military-industrial complex is the relationship between the military, the government that funds it, and corporations in the defense industry; if the US has a permanent defense industry, it means in order for those companies in that industry to be profitable, the US either needs to be constantly at war or to sell weapons to other countries

Question 33

Korean War (1950-1953)

Answer 33

NK invaded SK; UN went in with the US to help SK; ceasefire at 38th parallel

Question 34

Manhattan Project

Answer 34

America’s secret weapon to build a nuclear weapon

Question 35

Truman Doctrine

Answer 35

Truman Gave Greece and Turkey $400 million

Nations must choose between U.S. and USSR

Question 36

Marshall Plan

Answer 36

gave Western Europe $13 billion

Question 37

post WWII

Answer 37

US’s strongest economic point