Civil Rights

Question 1

Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 **

Answer 1

Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the “white” car of the East Louisiana Railroad. He could easily pass for white, but was considered black to Louisiana. Was required to sit in the “Colored” car. 1/8th black

Question 2

“separate but equal”

Answer 2

The idea that the separation of black and white people was OK as long as they were learnign/doing the same thing

Question 3

segregation

Answer 3

the division of whites and blacks

Question 4

Jim Crow

Answer 4

laws in the South that kept blacks segregated

Question 5

Justice John Harlan

Answer 5

Supreme Court judge who issues the lone dissenting opinion in the Plessy v. Ferguson case. We love Harlan because he stood up against segregation and thought the ruling was racist.

Question 6

Brown vs. Board of Education

Answer 6

supreme court case that ruled that separate but equal for schools was unconstitutional

Question 7

Thurgood Marshall

Answer 7

lawyer who argued on behalf of Brown and got the Supreme Court to pass Brown v. Board in favor of getting rid of segregation unanimously

Question 8

Little Rock Nine

Answer 8

the 9 black students who tried to enter an all white high school in Little Rock after segregation was deemed illegal by the Supreme Court. this was a conscious decision to test the new ruling. the governor of Arkansas used the state military to stop those black students from entering the school. eventually President Eisenhower had to send in federal troops to override the governor’s decision. another fight between state and federal power

Question 9

Emmett Till (Bobo)

Answer 9

Young black boy who asked white store clerk out on a date. husband Roy, found out and got big Milam to scare him. The murderers were never found guilty of murder or kidnapping despite the evidence.

Question 10

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Answer 10

Civil rights activist in the south who believed in peaceful protest and civil disobedience.

Question 11

Civil Rights Act (1964)

Answer 11

legislation (law) that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Question 12

Lyndon B Johnson

Answer 12

took office after JFK was assassinated and helped pass Civil Rights Act

Question 13

Woolworth sit-in campaign

Answer 13

took place in NC. college student Joseph McNeill sat at a lunch counter and was not served. returned next day with 3 friends, still not served. spread to papers and then country wide. violent protests. JFK said they should have been non-violent instead of violent.

Question 14

Freedom Rides

Answer 14

1961- busloads of volunteers (mixed races) waged a XC campaign to try to end segregation of bus terminals. They wanted to show that whites in the front/blacks in the back was completely unconstitutional. along the way however, they ran into much violence. Kennedy did nothing except make sure there were no mob violences against riders.

Question 15

Sixteenth Street Baptist Church murders

Answer 15

KKK bombed a church w/out warning just because 4 teenage black girls were getting ready to lead a service. Since the church had served as a center for life for the blacks of the community, there was much more violence throughout the day, and 2 more teens were killed. shocked nation, galvanized civil rights mvmt.

Question 16

Malcom X

Answer 16

civil rights activist, opposite of Dr. King’s civil disobedience

Question 17

John Howard Griffin

Answer 17

White author of Black Like Me who changed his skin tone to be darker to see what it would be like to travel in the south as a black man

Question 18

Black Like Me

Answer 18

Book written by a white man who colored his skin black and wrote about what it was like to be black. dangerous and controversial writen by John Howard Griffin

Question 19

Fragmented individualism

Answer 19

when blacks try to assimilate, they face the prospect that they will never be fully accepted by the white community but if they leave behind their own culture or reject it, they are no longer going to be accepted by the black community. this created a fragmented or split identity where you don’t belong in either group

Question 20

Nation of Islam

Answer 20

sect of Islam that is unique to America that is not the same as Islam from the Middle East but is related. Malcolm X was indoctrinated into this organization while he was in jail and became a minister for the Nation after he got out of jail; he then broke with the organization after he realized it was corrupt

Question 21

Elijah Muhammad

Answer 21

leader of the Nation of Islam

Question 22

Ballot or the bullet

Answer 22

Malcolm’s speech about defending yourself and using violence if someone is violent with you or trying to take away your civil rights

Question 23

Gerrymandering

Answer 23

changing district voting lines to suppress a minority group

Question 24

Harvey Milk

Answer 24

first openly gay person elected to public office in cali- 1978
assassinated, w/mayor by a fellow politician, Dan White in same year

Question 25

Obergefell v. Hodges

Answer 25

Supreme Court case in 2015 that made gay marriage legal in the entire country

Question 26

Statewide employment laws for the LGBT community

Answer 26

still many states where you can be fired simply for being gay or transgender

Question 27

Feminism

Answer 27

the equality between men and women. women mainly having for freedom and say.

Question 28

Gender roles

Answer 28

men go to work, while women stay home with the house and kids.

Question 29

Betty Friedan “Feminine Mystique”

Answer 29

“the feminine mystique has succeeded in burying millions of American women alive.”

quotes about how women were unhappy in 1963

Question 30

Sheryl Sandberg, Lean In

Answer 30

3 suggestions she made for women who want to continue to stay in their job and try to advance 1)don’t leave before you leave, 2) sit at the table and 3) make your partner a real partner

Question 31

Rosa Brooks, Recline

Answer 31

(this was incorrect!) Brooks was responding to Sandberg because “leaning in” is all encompassing and can take over your life and be very unhealthy. if women are constantly running around trying to go above and beyond in every aspect of their life, they could burn out. women shouldn’t have to “lean in” any more than men do because ultimately that too, is unfair

Question 32

Proclamation to the Great White Father

Answer 32

Natives who used sarcasm in explaining to the American government that they’ve been unfairly treated and that Native American reservations are in poor condition; they said they would take back Alcatraz (former prison) to have better living facilities (sarcastically)

Question 33

Cesar Chavez

Answer 33

activist to get better rights for Chicanos and migrant workers

Question 34

Chicano

Answer 34

someone of Mexican American descent who chooses to be referred to as Chicano