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History - Grade 10 > WWI unit test > Flashcards

WWI unit test Flashcards

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1
Q

Convoy System

A

The merchant ships and other ships travelling together for protection.

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2
Q

Trench Foot

A

An infection that occurs when your feet had been submerged in polluted water for a long time.

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3
Q

Victory Bonds

A

to help pay for the war - a loan to the government where in the years to come, you’d get your money back along with interest.

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4
Q

Stalemate

A

When neither side can advance or progress in a war.

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5
Q

Shell Shock

A

Men in the war would get it - extreme PTSD, uncontrollable shaking and nightmares. unable to function.

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6
Q

No Man’s Land

A

the ground in between both of the opposing trenches

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7
Q

Conscription

A

A law put in place for obligated enlistment of people in WWI.
- caused violence and riots especially in Quebec

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8
Q

Over The Top

A

A plan to go through No Man’s Land, move over the barbed wire for a more closer ranged fight.

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9
Q

Wartime Elections Act

A

The Wartime Elections Act gave the vote of close women relatives of the men serving in the Armed Forces.

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10
Q

Creeping Barrage

A

A time based plan when artillery explosions and smoke would be used as cover to advance
- used in the Battle of Somme

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11
Q

what is Propaganda

A

The use of info (biased or misleading nature) used to promote/publicize a particular viewpoint or cause.

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12
Q

why do we use propaganda?

A
  • enlistment in the war
  • raise money
  • boost morale
  • compliance (rationing)
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13
Q

what forms did propaganda take?

A
  • speeches
  • songs
  • news articles
  • radio broadcasts
  • posters (most effective)
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14
Q

features of propaganda:

A
  • target audience
  • loaded words (positive or negative connotation)
  • explicit meaning (obvi message)
  • implicit meaning (hidden message)
  • techniques (sway audience to buy into message)
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15
Q

propaganda techniques:

A
  • emotional appeal
    glittering generalities (phrases associate good/bad ideas to)
  • testimonials (famous ppl that seem trustworthy to audience)
  • plain folks (of the ppl, “just like me”)
  • name calling/stereotyping
  • bandwagon (everyone is doing it so u should too)
  • common enemy (us against them)
  • direct order (strong statement, follow this request)
  • card stacking (only presenting one side of the story)
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16
Q

Enemy Aliens

A

Immigrants that come from the enemy’s country/a country that is participating in the war.

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17
Q

War Measures Act

A

It was a law that gave the federal government sweeping powers to deal with the kind of emergency situation if forced to in World War I. It also gave the government to pass laws without the Parliament’s approval while Canada was at war.
- government could overrule provincial laws, censor the news media, tell manufacturers and farmers what they must produce, imprison people without trial

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18
Q

Internment

A

When Canada would put enemy aliens into detention during war.

19
Q

Western Front

A

Between the western border of Belgium and the northeastern border of France.

20
Q

Armistice

A

November 11th, 1918, 11th hour, everyone would cease fire and the war would have a pause/end. That’s when WWI ended.

21
Q

Artillery Barrage

A

????????

22
Q

Trench Raid

A

soldiers would make night time surprise attacks on enemy positions.

23
Q

War Profiteering

A

War profiteering is any person/organization that makes unreasonable profits from warfare or by selling weapons and other goods to parties at war. The term typically carries strong negative connotations.

24
Q

Battle of Ypres

A

Belgium, apr. 22 - May 5 1915 – defensive battle

  • germans sent in chlorine gas to the french
  • french troops vacated the trenches bc they didn’t have gas masks (eventually used urine soaked cloth as mask)
  • Canadians created new defensive line and took France’s place
  • Canadians were left alone to hold up their line
  • Canada proved they could hold their own
25
Q

Battle of the Somme

A

France, sept. 15 - nov 11 1916 – offensive battle
- Canada bombarded Germany hoping to wipe them out
- germans waited it out for Canadians to pass more than half way of no mans land
- germans fired and killed many of our allies
- Canadian troops kept sending soldiers
- Canadian allies lost many ppl
- germans won, Canada backed down
(blood bath)
- lots of criticism on how battles should be fought
- new strategies were developed

26
Q

Vimy Ridge - “no it wasn’t the greatest victory” viewpoint:

A
  • the Canadian corps was under the command Britain and didn’t fight independently
  • many key positions were held by British officers
  • we fought other battles that where the morale and material results were better (more significant)
  • scarcely reflects a well-informed memory of the great war
27
Q

Vimy Ridge - “yes it was the greatest victory” viewpoint:

A
  • it was an offensive objective that was successful
  • past battles have mainly been defensive and the corps fought as one
  • first time several tactical improvements were used successfully
  • marked a triumph where previous french + British attacks had failed dismally
28
Q

the importance of the battle of Vimy Ridge:

A
  • loss gives Canadians today added cause for reflection on bravery and sacrifice of our soldiers
  • was the first time that Canadians fought for king and country as a distinct national army, all four divisions of Canadian Corps entered battle together
29
Q

what happened in the Halifax explosion?

A
  • two ships, the Mont-Blanc and the lmo collided in the harbour
  • the mont-blanc was loaded with many explosives and began to burn
  • the mont-blanc blew up and flattened a lot of the city
  • two thousand people died and many were injured, others were left homeless
  • destruction vividly showed Canadians the horrors of war
30
Q

what is the wartime elections act?

A

The Wartime Elections Act gave the vote of close women relatives of the men serving in the Armed Forces.

31
Q

billy bishop:

A
  • shot down 70 planes
  • survived bloody April
  • top flying ace of WWI
  • credited 72 victories
32
Q

what were the causes/reasons for internment?

A
  • government believed that the immigrants were spies so they put them in the camps (mostly Ukrainian + german)
  • ppl also didn’t like the immigrants
  • made them do labour (build parks)
33
Q

experience of internees and their families:

A
  • prison (concentration camps)
  • tried to make a tunnel out
  • lack of food
  • since there were men in camps, women couldn’t financially support their family
  • kids grew up without a father figure
34
Q

consequence of internment camps (short + long term):

A
  • hard labour
  • cultures lost
  • loss of property
  • lost jobs
  • long term injuries
  • ppl were ashamed of who they were
35
Q

government actions for internment camps (during and after war):

A
  • gov’t covered it up/got rid of documents
  • ppl brought them back out (documents)
  • gov’t apologized after 100 years
  • made them carry around registration cards
  • property was taken and not given back
36
Q

what were the most important areas of change after WWI?

A
  • women could vote and were stronger (had taken care of the family w out the husband, made decisions on her own)
  • more accepting to those of other cultures (had to fight battles with them)
37
Q

Battle of Passchendaele

A

October 1917 - Belgium
- Canadians called in based on their success at Vimy
- Canadian commander Arthur Currie advised against it (claimed that 16,000 lives would be lost)
- troops were abandoned without backup for the first part of the battle
(Canadians defeated germans)
- lost 15,651 men in the battle

38
Q

Russian revolution

A
  • Russian citizens were increasingly suffering due to the war
  • the royal family were arrested, held prisoner, and eventually executed
  • Russia’s new government negotiates a withdrawal from the war
39
Q

early 1918

A
  • german successes until spring of 1918

- german troops begin to suffer

40
Q

the last 100 days

A

aug 8 1918 - nov 11, 1918

  • series of attacks against the heavily defended german lines in the west
  • first battle in Amiens, France
  • led by Canadians, they break thru the Hidenburg line
  • germans are now in retreat
  • known as Canada’s 100 days
  • 100,000 Canadian men defeated 47 german divisions (1/4 of their army)
  • Canadians suffer 20% of wartime casualties in this period
41
Q

whats going on in Germany?

A
  • widespread economic and social problems due to war
  • kaiser (leader) leaves – new government negotiates an armistice in October 1918
  • nov 11 –> end of war (remembrance day)
42
Q

how did Canada’s participation in WWI impact military?

A
  • navy grows from 2 ships to 100
  • fought with the R.A.F. – top pilot in WW1 was Billy Bishop
  • Canadians win the first allied victory (Vimy)
  • leadership of the troops given currie – we then fought independently
  • helped create new strategies (ex. creeping barrage)
  • distinguished ourselves in many battles (experience)
43
Q

how did Canada’s participation in WWI impact economic effects?

A
  • wars outbreak ends the recession in Canada
  • factory production booms –> high wages, low unemployment
  • transition from agricultural to an industrial economy
  • rationing brought back black market
  • wartime profiteering led to scandals (ex. munition scandal)
  • large debt owed to Britain and America
44
Q

Who is Arthur Currie?

A

General Currie, was commander of the Canadian Corps, 1917. Many Canadians would say he’s their most respected general.

History - Grade 10 (5 decks)

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