WWI DP Quiz Flashcards
Which countries were the Allies in WWI?
Britain, Russia, France, Japan (1915), Italy (1915), and the US (1917).
Which countries were the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (during 1914), and Bulgaria (1914)
Who was assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914?
On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Hungarian throne, was assassinated by a member of the Black Hand, rumored to be trained by members of the Serbian government. Seizing the opportunity to provoke military action after conflict in the Balkans, Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia, issuing an Ultimatum.
What was the Blank Check?
The blank check was a German promise to Austria-Hungary that occured after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Germany promised that they would support Austria-Hungary in actions taken against Serbia, which included military support. This blank cheque emboldened Austria-Hungary to take stronger actions against Seribia.
What was the Ultimatum?
The Ultimatum was a series of conditions and demands issued by Austria-Hungary to Serbia following the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand. The assassination served as a way for Austria Hungary to take action against serbia, which manifested in the way of the ultimatum. The serbs accepted most of the demands, and the ones they rejected would have meant the sacrifice of their sovereignty. However, this refusal of terms gave Austria Hungary the opening to declare war on Serbia, which occured about a month after the assassination.
What was the July Crisis?
The July Crisis was a chain reaction of events in the month of JUly 1914 following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand that eventually led to the outbreak of war. After the assassination, Austria Hungary issued the ultimatum, backed by germany’s blank cheque, and after serbia doesn’t agree to all terms, Austria hungary declares war on serbia, causing russia and subsequently germany to mobilize and declare war on russia and later, france.
What do the initials MAINE stand for?
MAINE refers to the various long-term effects that contributed to the outbreak of WWI: namely, the military, alliances, nationalism, economy, and imperialism. For militarism, the arms race as well as the view of war as heroic contributed to this ideal. This led to the construction of dreadnoughts. Nationalism brought aout a desire to fight for the country, while alliances created security but also tensiones, Imperialism led to rivalries over colonies and empires, and economic desire for growth and power also contributed.
What does mobilization mean in the context of the war?
Mobilization refers to the organization of armed forces and the organization of national resources to prepare for military or war efforts. The fact that germany saw mobilization as a declaration of war could be a reason behind why they were soready to go to war.
Timetable of the generals
Pressure to act and carry out strategies before enemies can gain the advantage- part of the reason countries were confident in ending the war in a few months and explains plans like the shlieffen plan.
Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen plan, created by germany, was a plan to tamp down french forces before russia could mobilize in order to prevent a 2-front war. However, this plan involved going through Belgium, and the violation of belgian neutrality, which britain had sworn to protect, spurred britain to join the war.
What was the significance of the Battle of the Marne?
The battle of the Marne signified the first instances of te allied push against the german schlieffen plan.In addition to many new technologies being utilized during this war, , the marne also created the eventual stalemate of the trenches.
War of attrition
A military strategy that involes wearing down the other side’s resources, strength, and morale, which occurs and results in mass casualties and blockades.
What was the Stalemate of the trenches?
The stalemate of the trenches refers to the inability for opposing sides to make significant progress for the majority of the war. In order to advance, troops would have to enter the land between the trenches, known as no mans land, where they would be fired at from the other side. The technology available at this time, which was defensive in nature, exacerbated this proble,.
What does it mean to go over the top?
Going over the top referred to troops climbing over the trenches into no man’s land in order to attempt to gain more land and push the enemy lines back.This was a risky operation, as it involved being in no-man’s land, a vulnerable location laden with barbed wire.
what does the western front refer to?
The western front is established in relation to germany; in this case, the western front refers to France, who was a member of the allies. Despite technological advances, the western front was characterized by its long stalemate and the trench warfare that took place along it.
Six new weapons introduced into WWI
Machine guns, poison gas, u-boats, tanks, mines
Why were U-boats significant to WWI?
U-boats, used by the germans, were important for their utilization in unrestricted submarine warfare, in whcih u-boats were used to sink merchant ships. These u-boats were significant as it was the use of unrestricted submarine warfare that compelled the US to join the war.
What was the battle of jutland?
The battle of jutland was the only naval battle fought in WWI between german and british forces with an inconclusive outcome. Though the british experienced more losses, they maintained control over the north sea.
Ludendorff Offensive
The Ludendorff Spring Offensive was a massive German offensive that effectively ended the
stalemate of the trenches. This offensive, led by German commander Erich Ludendorff,
happened between 21 March and 3 June 1918. This occurred partly because Ludendorff
recognized that Germany’s resources were insufficient to continue the war. This offensive was
different from the others in that new technology and tactics were used- they used short, intensive
bombardments with a second wave of infantry to secure the line. Though the offensive originally
made significant progress, it eventually collapsed due to a lack of reserve forces.
The sinking of the Lusitania significance?
The Lusitania was a British liner that departed from a NY harbor. The German use of U-boats to carry out unrestricted submarine warfare meant that the Lusitania was sunk and resulted in the casualties of american civilains, which pushed the US to declare war on germany and increased pro-war sentiment.
When did the US enter the war?
The US entered the war in 1917, after the sinking of the Lusitania and the realization that germany was attempting to convince mexico to invade the US. Entry boosted allied morale.
air power WWI
WWI brought about significant changes in air technologhy, which was not extensively used in WWI. They were primarily used for reconnoisance, and closer to the end of the war, fighter planes equipped with machine guns took the stage, establishing planes as something to explore for future military endeavors.
air power WWI
WWI brought about significant changes in air technologhy, which was not extensively used in WWI. They were primarily used for reconnoisance, and closer to the end of the war, fighter planes equipped with machine guns took the stage, establishing planes as something to explore for future military endeavors.
Who fought+ significance of battle of Verdun?
The battle of verdun was fought between germany and france was a german offensive that intended to bleed the french white. Germans attacked the historic city of verdun and believed that the french would have to engage and defend, eventually causing them to lose morale. The war quickly became one of attrition and both sides suffered severe casualties, but the french were able to hold onto verdun.
