wwI Flashcards
immediate cause
franz Ferdinand helps trigger
this was the spark that helped cause the Balkan “powder keg” to explode
murdered by princip who was a serb
bosnia ruled Austria Hungary
long term causes (MAIN)
Militarism- European powers were building up armies, “arms race”
Alliance- triple alliance/entente
Imperialism- competing in building colonial empires
Nationalism- serbs were demanding independence from Austria Hungary
chain reaction
.assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand .germany supports austria Hungary with blank check .ultimatum .doesn't meet demands .russia mobilizes forces .austria hungary declare war .germany declare russia .germany declare France .germany invade Belgium .britain declare Germany
ultimatum
set of demands issued on Serbia by Austria Hungary after they were blamed for the assassination. Serbia did not satisfy demands and Austria Hungary declared war
triple alliance
Germany Austria-Hungary and Italy
triple entente
France Russia and England
allies
Britain France Russia Italy
central powers
Germany Austria-Hungary and ottoman empire
total war
The entire population of Europe was affected by the war
The entire population was expected to contribute to the war effort (rationing)
Woman helped filled the jobs of the men who were out Fighting
use of propaganda to build support for the war effort sometimes were harshly criticizing the other side
modern weapons
World War I is considered the first modern war
New weapons were used including machine guns poison gas tanks submarines aircraft long range artillery
helps lead to increased number of soldiers killed/wounded
stalemate
this means that both sides were stuck in their positions and neither side was getting much ground and neither side seem to have the advantage… The war just drags on
eastern and western fronts / Shlieffen plan
Germany’s plan to invade France get quick victory and then focus on Russia
trench warfare
set up trench lines
take cover in trenches
area between the trenches was called no mans land
global conflict
Gallipoli - allies suffer losses from ottoman and allied troops were from Australia and New Zealand
Africa- fighting from Europe spills over
India- fought alongside British (colonial troops)
Japan - joins allies bc seizes German territory in China
British- help organize revolt in ottoman , Arabs against ottomans to weaken ottoman
changes in 1917
Russia pulled out of war bc they were suffering heavy losses (treaty of Brest litousk)
us enters war on allies side :
unrestricted submarine warfare on us (lusitania)
the Zimmerman note > do US was angry to find Germany was offering to help Mexico get land from US is it joined the war on Germany side
favored allies
The US entrance into war helped allies win
result war
allies win (armistice/ceasefire)
there are millions of killed n wounded
Russia and Germany suffered most casualties
Paris peace conference
The big three include Britain France and the US along with Italy
all of the allies except the US wanted to punish the Central Powers especially Germany
Central Powers forced to sign peace treaties
14 points
President Woodrow Wilson wanted lasting peace he developed this plan for a peace settlement that included an end to the secret treaties freedom of the seas arms productions and giving people the right of self-determination which is the right to choose their own government free from foreign control and to establish the league of Nations and internal organization to help keep the peace
treaty of Versailles
Germany lost territory in Europe and its colonies overseas
Germany was forced to reduce the size of its military
Germany was forced to accept blame for starting the war and therefore to pay reparations this becomes known as war guilt clause
changes in territory
Austria Hungary collapses
new nations created including Yugoslavia Czechoslovakia Austria and Hungary
the ottoman empire loses most of its land in the middle east it only keeps what is the nation of turkey
establishment of League of Nations
International organizations that up after the word to try to keep peace which is weakened by the refusal of the US to join
