nationalism Flashcards
nationstate
or "country" components - land (territory) -defined borders people usually with common -bonds - government
nationalist
they seek to bring an end to foreign control of “their” land = self determination . basically seek independence
common bonds
nationality territory government language religion culture history
europe after congress of Vienna
at the Congress of Vienna, leaders such as Metternich largely ignored the growing power of nationalism. they were focused on order and peace not nationalist feelings growing amongst the various groups.
unification of Italy
mazzini - also known as the “soul” he inspired Italians wrote articles and gave speeches and led the young Italy movement
cavour- also known as the “brains” he was appointed prime minister of the kingdom of Sardinia, planned before he acted and unified much of northern Italy.
garibaldi- also known as the “sword” he led an invasion of the kingdom of the two Sicilies “red shirts” , he gained control of northern Italy.
bismarck
bismarck - sometimes called the architect of German unification he was chancellor of Prussia . his key goal was to unify Germany under Prussias leadership. he was willing to use BLOOD and IRON meaning war and force and strength to accomplish this goal.
REALPOLITIK- focuses on power and serving the needs of the state and is willing to use almost any means necessary to accomplish goals (you might say Bismarck was Machiavellian)
unification of Germany
Prussia fights and wins three wars in order to unify Germany
1. against Denmark
2. against Austria
3. against France
•ems telegram - Bismarck alters a description of the meeting between the Prussian king and French ambassador he makes it sound as if the Prussia had insulted France because he wants to help Provoke France into declaring war on Prussia
• as a result of its victories of these wars Prussia was able to expand its territory
similarity between Italy and Germany
both were not unified in the early 19th century but became unified countries by the 1870s thanks to the force of nationalism
nationalism
pride and loyalty in one’s country
belief the peoples loyalty should be to a nation of people who share a common culture and history
belief that people who share key common bonds should have an independent nation state
problems in Italy after unification
become constitutional monarchy
regional tension between the north and the south
colonial Latin America
- most of Latin America was under the control of Europeans ( especially Spain )
- colonies helped Europeans for wealth
- mercantilism - benefit the mother country
- encomienda - native Americans forced labor
class system
peninsulares
Creoles - provided leadership in Latin America
mezitos and mulattos
native Americans and African slaves
won independence from Netherlands
gets freedom from Ottoman Empire
Belgium
Greece
liberals
goal was to expand the rights of the people and establish governments with Written constitutions ex: support French rev included middle class voting rights natural rights freedom speech
conservatives
goal was to go back to the way things were before the French Revolution ex: accepted rigid class system nobles monarchs ... opposed rev changes order Metternich dominated at congress of Vienna
