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U.S History > WWI > Flashcards

WWI Flashcards

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1
Q

Allies

A

Russia, France, Serbia, and Great Britain (Later US, Italy and Japan)

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2
Q

American position at start

A

Neutral

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3
Q

Why neutral?

A

Mostly trade reasons, American investment increased from 700 million to 3.5 billion

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4
Q

How did the public react?

A

Some felt personally involved (1/3 immigrants or children of), most favored allies because they identified with British culture

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5
Q

What is propaganda?

A

Information intended to sway public opinion

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6
Q

How did Britain use propaganda to sway the US into joining the war?

A

Printed false propaganda about Germans to gain support; German Kaiser most attacked because the strong rule opposed views of democracy

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7
Q

What was the preparedness movement?

A

Led by business leaders tied to Britain, they wanted US to just be prepared to aid Britain if necessary, also persuaded gov to set up camps to train men for combat (1915)

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8
Q

What is a stalemate?

A

A situation in which neither side is able to gain the advantage

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9
Q

Why did the US declare war?

A

German provocation, and the Zimmerman note

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10
Q

What was the sinking of Lusitania

A

The Brit passenger ship off the coast of Ireland which killed 128 Americans and contributed to the US decision to join the war with the allies

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11
Q

How did US prepare for war

A

At first, we just sent money, naval support, arms and very little troops (14,500)

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12
Q

What is the Zimmerman note?

A

The telegram from the German foreign minister to a German ambassador in Mexico which proposed an alliance and promised that Mexico would get Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back and was intercepted by Brits

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13
Q

What is the selective service act of 1917

A

An act which authorized a draft of young men for military service, 24 million registered for draft by 1918

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14
Q

What is the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

A

The group of volunteers, national guardsmen, and drafted soldiers in the war

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15
Q

What is patriotism

A

The love of ones country and the willingness to fight and defend its ideals and institutions, a very important part of the war effort

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16
Q

What is a liberty bond?

A

Special war bond to support the Allied cause

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17
Q

What is a bond and what did they do?

A

An investment in the country which is redeemed later for the original value plus interest. Raised more than 20 billion, allowed US to pay for 1/4 of war costs and send 10 billion to allies

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18
Q

What is the war industries board?

A

Oversaw nation’s war related production and told manufacturers what and how much to make and even fixed prices

19
Q

What is the war trade board?

A

It licensed foreign trade and punished firms suspected of dealing with the enemy

20
Q

What is the national war labor board?

A

Worked to settle any labor disputes that might disrupt war effort

21
Q

Who promised to limit labor problems during war?

A

Samuel Gompers

22
Q

What are price controls?

A

A system of pricing determined by the government on the sale of food

23
Q

What is rationing?

A

Distributing goods to consumers in a fixed amount

24
Q

What did rationing encourage?

A

“Gospel of a clean plate”- no wasting, victory gardens (people grow their own food to eat)
Results: tripled food shipments to allies

25
Q

Central Powers

A

Germany and Austria Hungary (later Turkey)

26
Q

What is daylight savings time?

A

Turning clocks ahead one hour for the summer increased daylight hours available

27
Q

How did we enforce loyalty

A

New and information under gov control, imposed censorship on media, do things that support the war and patriotism

28
Q

What was the fear of foreigners?

A

They feared spying (espionage) which was a major concern for gov. Secret agents may try to undermine the war effort by sabotaging communication and transportation

29
Q

What is the espionage and sedition act So?

A

Made it illegal to interfere with war effort or saying anything disloyal , abusive, or profane about the gov

30
Q

What is sedition?

A

Any speech or action that encourages rebellion

31
Q

What did war do to immigration

A

It virtually stopped the flow of immigrants into the US

32
Q

Why were women and African Americans involved?

A

War stopped flow of immigrants, young men were fighting in the war, and companies needed workers, so they were hired in higher paying jobs

33
Q

How many total people were killed in WWI

A

22,000,000

34
Q

How many total were wounded?

A

21,228,000

35
Q

What were the US’s casualties?

A

48,000 men killed in battle, 62,000 died of disease, more than 200,000 wounded

36
Q

What were Wilsons 14 points?

A

The 1918 proposal for peace in post war Europe, which called for an end to secret treaties, removal of trade barriers, reduction of military forces, and Austria Hungarian ethnic groups o have self determination

37
Q

What is self determination?

A

The power to make decisions about one’s own future

38
Q

What is a spoil

A

Rewards gained after war victory

39
Q

What was Wilson’s goal?

A

To establish a permanent agency where countries work together to resolve conflicts peacefully

40
Q

Who were the Big Four?

A

Britain, US, France, Italy

41
Q

What is the League of Nations

A

An organization in which the nation’s of the world would join together to ensure security and peace. Congress did not support it

42
Q

What is a reparation

A

Payment for the economic injury suffered during the war

43
Q

How much did Germany owe allies and why is it important?

A

33 billion, Germans never forgave or got over humiliation

44
Q

What happened after Germany refused to sign the treaty of Versailles?

A

France threatened another invasion, and the treaty was sign on June 28, 1919

U.S History (3 decks)

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