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WW2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lightning Warfare

A

Blitzkrieg

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2
Q

Phony War

A

Between Germany and France in the Maginot line

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3
Q

Maginot Line

A

Fortress between France and Germany

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4
Q

Where did the British and French get trapped in the Phony war against Germany?

A

The English Channel

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5
Q

What was The Miracle at Dunkirk?

A

Miraculous rescue of French and British Armies

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6
Q

Germany Conquered all of Western Europe except? And why?

A

Great Britain because it’s an island

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7
Q

What was Hitler’s plan to invade Great Britain?

A

Operation Sea Lion or The Battle of Britain

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8
Q

What is RAF?

A

British Royal Air Force

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9
Q

What did Hitler want to control and destroy first in The Battle of Britain?

A

Control the Sky and destroy British Airforce Base

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10
Q

What is Luftwaffe

A

German Airforce

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11
Q

Who is the new Prime Minister of Great Britain that said, “We shall never surrender”?

A

Winston Churchill

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12
Q

What was the mistake that Hitler makes in the Battle of Britain?

A

He changes his target from military/air force bases to cities

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13
Q

Why did Hitler change his target to Cities in the Battle of Britain?

A

To destroy the people’s will to fight

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14
Q

What is the Blitz?

A

German attack London for 57 nights

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15
Q

What made the British people even more determined to fight?

A

Motivational Propaganda Posters

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16
Q

What turned the tide of the Battle of Britain?

A

Radar

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17
Q

What was the result of Great Britain winning the Battle of Britain?

A

It boosted morale and showed the world that Hitler was not unstoppable.

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18
Q

What was the lifeline of Great Britain? And why?

A

Atlantic Ocean because it was where supplies were sent to them by the US.

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19
Q

What was the longest continuous and pivotal battle of WWII?

A

Battle of the Atlantic

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20
Q

What are U-boats?

A

German Submarine

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21
Q

How did U-boats go to battle?

A

In wolfpacks

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22
Q

What are the 3 ways the Allied Powers counter U-boats?

A
  1. Convoys
  2. Sonars
  3. Depth Charges
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23
Q

What are the main countries in the Allied Powers?

A

Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, and later the USA

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24
Q

What are the two warring sides in WWII?

A

Allied Powers and Axis Powers

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25
What are the main countries in the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy, and Japan
26
What is Isolationism?
Staying out of European Affairs and remaining neutral
27
What was the goal of the Neutrality Acts?
To limit US involvement in war
28
What 3 things did the Neutrality Acts do?
1. Placed an embargo on armed sales to warring sides. 2. Restricted American ships in warzones. 3. Banned Americans from traveling on a belligerent ship.
29
Who was the president of the USA during WWII?
Franklin Roosevelt
30
What did the Cash and Carry Program do?
Allowed USA to assist Great Britain by giving supplies.
31
What was the Lend-Lease Program?
Lend or lease arms to any country vital to the defense of the USA.
32
Why did America become the Arsenal of Democracy?
They were fighting an undeclared war by supplying the Allied Powers.
33
What is Operation Barbarossa?
Invasion of the Soviet Union by Germany.
34
What are the three reasons why Hitler wanted the Soviet Union/Russia?
1. Lebensraum - living space 2. Largest population of Jews 3. Natural resources like Oil
35
Who are the Red Army?
The Russian/Soviets
36
What battle was a 900 day siege?
Battle of Leningrad
37
What battle was the turning point of the war on the eastern front and fought for control of the Russian oil fields?
Battle of Stalingrad
38
No Russian city surrendered but paid in what?
Casualties
39
What was Hitler's greatest mistake?
Russian Campaign
39
What was the first strategy of bombing?
To bomb airfields, railways, etc.
39
Why was the Russian Campaign Hitler's greatest mistake?
Because it devastated his manpower and resources.
40
What revolutionized modern warfare?
Air war
41
What was the later strategy of bombing?
Cities
42
Why did bombers target cities?
Because they had industrial centers
43
Who were caught in the crossfire of the war?
Civilians
44
What is the Memphis Belle?
First American bombing crew to complete 25 missions
45
What did a bombing crew get to do if they completed 25 missions?
Go home
46
What had the highest casualty rates?
Airforce
47
What caused America to freeze all Japanese assets and put an embargo on trade with them?
Because they attacked French-Indo-China
48
What country did Japan get 80 percent of their Oil?
America
49
Why did Japan decide to attack America?
Because they believed that America was the only country that could stop them from taking over Asia.
50
What is America's largest naval base?
Pearl Harbor
51
Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
Believed it would destroy their will to fight
52
Who is Isoroku Yamamoto?
Admiral of the Japanese Navy.
53
What are the three warning signs of Pearl Harbor that the USA ignored?
1. US Intelligence warned of an imminent attack somewhere in the pacific. 2. The discovery of a Japanese Midget Submarine 3. Radar Sighting
54
What did the code word "Tora, Tora, Tora" mean?
Surprise had been achieved
55
What were the 3 targets of the Japanese in Pearl Harbor?
1. Aircraft carriers 2. Battle ships 3. Airfields
56
What ship became a memorial for Pearl Harbor?
USS Arizona
57
What are the 4 reasons why Japan's attack was not a complete success?
1. Failed to destroy the repair facilities 2. Failed to destroy the fuel depots 3. Failed to destroy the submarines 4. Failed to destroy the US Aircraft carriers
58
Who called Pearl Harbor "A date that will live in infamy"?
President FDR
59
What USA installations did Japan target on the same day as Pearl Harbor?
Philippines, Guam, Wake Island
60
What British territories did Japan target on the same day as Pearl Harbor?
Malaysia, Singapore, Hongkong
61
What are the 3 results of Pearl Harbor?
1. USA enters WWII 2. Unites the American people 3. Internment Camps
62
What are Internment Camps?
Camps/prisons where Japanese Americans were forced to stay.
63
Who are Nisei?
Japanese Americans
64
What was the reason given for the Internment Camps?
National Security
65
What was the real reason for the Internment Camps?
Fear and prejudice
66
What American territory did the Japanese take in the first 6 months?
Philippine Islands
67
What was the Bataan Death March?
A 60 mile death march forced onto 70,000 American and Filipino prisoners
68
What was the Suicide Mission in Tokyo?
The Dolittle Raid
69
Who led the Dolittle Raid?
James Dolittle
70
Who was the General of the Pacific theater and said "I shall return"
Douglas MacArthur
71
Who was the American Fleet commander?
Chester Nimitz
72
What battle stopped the invasion of Australia?
The Battle of The Coral Sea
73
What battle stopped the invasion of Hawaii?
The Battle of Midway
74
Why was the Battle of Midway the turning point in the pacific?
Because the US sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers.
75
What was the strategy of America against Japan?
Island Hopping
76
What was the Battle of Guadalcanal?
The battle where US took over the first Island
77
What was the systematic mass slaughter of Jews and other undesirables?
The Holocaust
78
Who was the head of the SS and in charge of the Holocaust?
Heinrich Himmler
79
What was the name of Hitler's plan on what to do with the Jews.
Final Solution
80
What are the 4 programs of the Final Solution?
1. Immigration - make life hard for Jews so they leave. 2. Mobile Death Squad - make Jews dig trenches and kill them 3. Ghettos - Isolate and work with little food 4. Death Camps/Gas Chambers
81
What shipped the Jews to Death Camps?
Holding Tanks
82
Dietrich Bonhoeffer
German Protestant Pastor that wrote The Cost of Discipleship
82
Corrie Ten Boom
Dutch Christian who wrote The Hiding Place
83
Oskar Schindler
Businessman that wrote Schindler's List
84
Anne Frank
Jewish girl who wrote Dairy of Anne Frank
85
The 3 types of German camps
1. POW camps/ Stalags 2. Work Camps - used slave labor 3. Death Camps - used to exterminate people
86
What was Dachau
Most infamous work camp
87
What was Auschwitz?
Most Infamous Death Camp
88
What did the Geneva Convention do?
Made rules of war to not allow mass genocide
89
What was the Home Front?
Activities of the civilians in a nation at war
90
What were soldiers referred as?
GI's or Government Issue
91
What were used for recruitment?
Propaganda
92
What did Rationing Books do?
Rationed food, supplies, gas, etc.
93
What are Victory Gardens?
People growing their own food
94
What were US industries doing during the war?
Non war industries start to produce war material
95
What was in charge of the war material production in the US industries?
War Production Board
96
Who is Rosie The Riveter?
Symbol of the American woman.
97
What was the Bracero program?
Permitted millions of Mexicans to work in the US
98
What are the 2 ways America pays for the war?
1. War Bonds - Loans to Government 2. Income Tax
99
How did they get Americans to support?
Propaganda and News Reels

American History (5 decks)

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