ww1 test

Question 1

MANIA

Answer 1

Militarism
Alliances
Nationalism
Imperialism
Assassination

Question 2

Militarism in WW1

Answer 2

-Industrialism: mass produced weapons
-Germany was competing with the UK to build battleships
-British feared an attack on their empire
-Germany was competing with Russia and France to expand their army
-Britain was the dominant global naval power

Question 3

Alliances

Answer 3

-Triple Entente: alliance between Russia, France, and Britain
-Triple Alliance: alliance between Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Germany
These alliances mean one spark can start a war

Question 4

Nationalism

Answer 4

-Slavic nationalism in the Baltics
-Ottoman empire is the “sick man of Europe”
-Russia and Austria-Hungary compete for Ottoman territory
-Independent Serbia sought to create a state of all Slavs (Yugoslavia)

Question 5

Imperialism

Answer 5

-Competition for colonies viewed as zero-sum gain (one country’s gain is another’s loss)
-Leads to crisis between European powers

Question 6

Assassination

Answer 6

-Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne is assassinated
-Serbian nationalist kills him (member of the Black Hand - Serbian terrorist group)
-Russia=ally to Serbia, declares war on Austria
-Germany=ally of Austria, declares war on Serbia, Russia, and France
-Great Britain declares war on Germany and Austria

Question 7

WW1

Answer 7

Total war - everyone is involved (not just government, civilians too)

Question 8

Expansion of gov. powers

Answer 8

• drafts of men
• planned economies (gov. controls wages, rent, prices, etc)
• rationing
• censorship

Question 9

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 9

Avoid war on 2 fronts

Question 10

Battle of the Somme

Answer 10

• July 1916
• Goal: drain German army of troops/resources and relieve pressure at Verdun

Question 11

Eastern Front

Answer 11

Where: Russia
- more thinly manned than western front
- success against Austria-Hungary, but loss against Germany

Question 12

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 12

• March 3, 1918
• Russia withdraws from the war

Question 13

Arab Alliance

Answer 13

Britain promises to support Arab struggle for independence

Question 14

Zionism

Answer 14

Movement that aspired to the creation of a sovereign Jewish state

Question 15

Armenian Genocide

Answer 15

• Young turks took power in 1915
• During winter of 1914-1915, Armenian men who had been drafted into the Ottoman army were stripped of their weapons and killed
• 250 Armenian leaders were arrested, marking the beginning of the Armenian genocide
• Violence lasted for 3 years and killed 1.5 million Armenians
• Mass murder was ordered by the Turkish gov.

Question 16

Central Powers collapse

Answer 16

• Russia withdrew in March of 1918 - Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (this allows Germany to send its forces to the Western front)
• American troops + allies + tanks = advance on Germany
• Ottomans surrender first
• November 1918 - Germany declares itself a Republic and representatives meet with the French and sign an Armistice

Question 17

Legacy

Answer 17

• Use of new technology
• War on a global scale
• Loss of human life (8.5 million soldiers killed - 21 million wounded)
• Cost of war: $338 billion
• Destroyed acres of farmland

Question 18

Goals of the Big 4

Answer 18

Britain:
- germans should pay
- new colonies
USA:
- germany shouldn’t pay
- league of nations
France:
- germany should pay
- alsace-lorraine
- geographic buffer zone
Italy:
- land
- seat at the table

Question 19

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 19

• Paris Peace Conference: June 1919
• Goal: severely punish Germany
• Russia not included
• Germany should not be a part of negotiations
  –loss of territory
  –forced to demilitarize
  –reparations

Question 20

Why treaty of versaille fails

Answer 20

• America does not join League of Nations
• League of Nations was weak
• Germany is punished too harshly
• Germany cannot pay reparations
• Germany is sad = hitler gets power

Question 21

14 Points Speech categories

Answer 21

1. Spread democracy
2. Open market
3. Intl. Organization to keep the peace
4. Active global role for the US

Question 22

Article 231

Answer 22

War Guilt Clause