WW1 S2 Flashcards
What do you think life was like for women before WW1?
Unable to vote, few working in ‘domestic services’, low pay, expected to look after family
What is a suffragist?
They were woman part of the woman’s rights movement the more peaceful and law-abiding group
What is a suffragette?
A more violent group in the woman’s rights movement who were aggressive and often arrested
What jobs did woman mainly do in WW1?
Munitions
What did munitions involve?
Making shells, weapons and chemicals, dangerous and unhealthy, nicknamed ‘canaries’ as the chemicals turned their skins yellow, pay higher
What tactics did the suffragists use?
Talking to MP’S and holding peaceful protests but these methods were slow
What tactics did the suffragettes use?
The suffragettes used violent methods like, shouting at politicians, marches, chained themselves to railings etc.
What is it called when you try and persuade people to think a certain way?
Propaganda
Why did the government use propaganda?
They needed to recruit lots of soldiers
What were the posters saying?
Trying to make men feel guilty, embarrassed, proud, concerned etc.
What are some recruitment tactics?
Posters, public meetings, stories of German cruelty, the threat of shame, door-to-door visits, white feathers, music hall recruitment and songs and poems
When did trench warfare begin?
September 1914
When were the German army forced to retreat?
After the battle of Marne in September 1914, the Schlieffen plan failing
How did trench warfare start?
Rather than give up the territory which they had, the Germans dug to protect themselves
Where were the trenches?
The trenches stretched for 400 miles from the English channel down to Switzerland
What were trenches like?
6-7 feet deep, strengthened with sandbags, dug outs were made for extra shelter, British trenches being poorer quality than German
Name some features of a trench.
No mans land over the top, barbed wire, parapet, elbow rest, ammunition shelf, fire step, duckboards, sump, dugouts and sandbags
What were German trenches like?
Deeper and more sophisticated, some even having wallpaper and stoves
What were more jobs done by woman in WW1?
Producing foods and goods, writing letters for soldiers, office work, postwoman, transport, voluntary aid detachments
What happened at the end of the war?
Britain and France won, 700,000 British men killed, every town and village effected and the war became known as ‘The great war’ or ‘The war to end all wars’
How do we remember?
Wearing poppies, national war memorials, local war memorials, poems
What poem was written about the war?
In Flanders Field written by John McCrae 1862 - 1918
How was Europe different in 1914?
No Poland, Austria Hungary was a huge empire in SE Europe, Russia was larger, Germany was the third largest empire, Germany and Austria-Hungary were allies
What were the two allied groups?
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Who was in the Triple Alliance?
Russia, England, France
Who was in the Triple Entente?
Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
What made a country powerful?
Large army, Strong ruler, Large Empire and strong industries
What is Nationalism?
When one country thinks its better than others
What is Militarism?
When countries race to build up their armies
What is Imperialism?
When one country builds a large empire
What is an Alliance?
Agreements made between countries
Where was the assassination?
Sarajevo, Bosnia at the south-east corner of the Austrian empire
Who was Franz Ferdinand?
The heir to the Austrian Throne
Who were the Black Hand?
A Serbian-based terrorist group sworn to end Austrian rule in Bosnia
What was the spark causing WW1?
Austria-Hungary saw the assassination as an attack on them and believed that Serbia was to blame
Who made the Schlieffen plan?
Alfred von Schlieffen
What was the Schlieffen plan?
Germany would defeat one country at a time, France in the first 6 weeks and then Russia
