WW1 medicine.

Question 1

which new weapon was use at Ypres in 1915?

Answer 1

poison gas

Question 2

how many died on the first day at the Somme?

Answer 2

60,000.

Question 3

which new weapon was used at Cambrai in 1917?

Answer 3

tanks

Question 4

why trenches?

Answer 4

too dangerous to be above ground

Question 5

positives of trenches?

Answer 5

easy to make and defend- not many needed to defend it, cheap.

Question 6

negatives of trenches?

Answer 6

wet, cramped, dirty, easy spread of disease, hard to care for people- transverse (stop damage from grenades)- stretcher bearers.

Question 7

how much time was spent @ front line?

Answer 7

15%

Question 8

how much time was spent away from trenches?

Answer 8

45%

Question 9

when was the start of WW1?

Answer 9

1914.

Question 10

end of WW1?

Answer 10

1918.

Question 11

4 weapons used in the WW1 trenches?

Answer 11

riffles, machine guns, artillery, shrapnel.

Question 12

why did riffles cause damage?

Answer 12

bayonet wounds, infection, amputations needed.

Question 13

why did machines guns cause damage?

Answer 13

break major bones, 20% chance of survival, pierce organs.

Question 14

what damage did the artillery cause?

Answer 14

removed limbs, internal bleeding and damage.

Question 15

what damage did shrapnel do?

Answer 15

major damage to faces, legs and arms- disfigurements, damaged majorly. blood loss, injections, gas gangrene.

Question 16

3 types of illnesses in the trenches and what were they?

Answer 16

Trench fever (flu- like symptoms, caused by lice, kept reoccurring.)
Trench foot (blistered and swollen feet, from waterlogged conditions, could turn gangrene and treated with amputation, given spare socks, floor boards placed and whale oil)
NYD.N. - shell shock- not yet diagnosed. nervous- (mental breakdowns, accused of cowardice)

Question 17

order of how the wounded were dealt with?

chain of evacuation

Answer 17

RAP (regimental aid post)
CCS (casualty clearing station)
Hospital train
Base Hospital
Hospital Ship.

Question 18

what did RAMC stand for?

Answer 18

royal army medical core

Question 19

what did FANY stand for?

Answer 19

first aid nursing yeomany

Question 20

what were 2 things used to improve surgery?

Answer 20

mobile X-ray machines (easier to locate objects, less infection, most CCS’s had them after 1915)
blood transfusions and storage (learnt how to stop it clotting, refrigerated conditions needed, citrate solutions)

Question 21

when was the first blood bank used?

Answer 21

Battle Of Cambrai in 1917. Blood group 0 used as everyone could use it.

Question 22

2 types of surgery developed in WW1?

Answer 22

Plastic surgery

Brain surgery

Question 23

why did WW1 lead to the development of Plastic Surgery?

Answer 23

damage from shrapnel, major disfigurements, mens lives ruined-affected mental health, parts like noses blown off, skin grafts needed, lots of infections happened, 11,000 carried out)

Question 24

why did WW1 lead to the development of Brain Surgery?

Answer 24

in the trenches the heads were the most vulnerable part of their bodies, doctors afraid to perform B-S and in 1914 brains/ heads weren’t operated on but numbers encouraged docs to try. Blood transfusions meant men were fit enough to be operated on. X-rays meant objects could be located. stopped infection and internal bleeding.

Question 25

what was the Thomas Splint?

Answer 25

stopped bones from grinding, greatly reduced blood loss, meant men could be operated on, death rate from 80% to 20%.