WW1 Flashcards
WW1
When did World War I begin and end?
World War I began on July 28, 1914, and ended on November 11, 1918.
How many Australians enlisted in WWI?
Approximately 416,000 Australians volunteered to fight.
Why did Australia enter WWI?
Australia joined WWI because it was part of the British Empire, and Britain declared war on Germany.
When did the Gallipoli campaign take place?
The Gallipoli campaign lasted from April 25, 1915, to January 9, 1916.
What was Gallipoli and what was its’ aim?
Gallipoli was a major WWI campaign where Australian and New Zealand forces tried to capture the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey. The Gallipoli Campaign aimed to capture the Dardanelles Strait to open a sea route to Russia, allowing the Allies to weaken the Ottoman Empire and create a new front against Germany.
How many Australian soldiers were killed in WWI?
Approximately 60,000 Australian soldiers died in WWI.
What was the Western Front?
The Western Front was a main battlefield in France and Belgium where many Australian troops fought from 1916 to 1918.
What impact did WWI have on Australian society?
WWI caused significant loss and grief, changed the economy, led to increased roles for women, and impacted national identity.
What was the purpose of recruitment posters during WWI?
To encourage Australian men to enlist in the army and support the war effort.
What was the significance of the Battle of Fromelles?
It was one of the bloodiest battles for Australians on the Western Front, with heavy losses in a single day (July 19-20, 1916).
How did WWI end?
WWI ended with the signing of the Armistice on November 11, 1918, leading to peace negotiations and the Treaty of Versailles.
What happened on April 25, 1915, at Gallipoli?
On April 25, 1915, Australian and New Zealand troops (ANZACs) landed at Gallipoli’s steep and rugged cliffs, facing heavy resistance and difficult conditions from entrenched Ottoman forces.
What challenges did Australian soldiers face at Gallipoli?
Soldiers faced intense enemy fire, rough terrain, extreme heat, lack of fresh water, poor sanitation, and disease such as dysentery.
What was the result of the Gallipoli Campaign?
The campaign failed to achieve its objectives. After eight months of fighting and heavy casualties, Allied forces evacuated in December 1915 and January 1916.
What tactics were used by Australian forces at Gallipoli?
Australians used trench warfare, night raids, and diversionary tactics to try to gain ground, but the rough terrain and entrenched Ottoman defenses made progress nearly impossible.
What was the “Lone Pine” battle at Gallipoli?
Lone Pine was a brutal hand-to-hand combat battle from August 6-10, 1915, where Australian forces captured Ottoman trenches but suffered heavy casualties.
What was the Western Front in WWI?
The Western Front was a 700-kilometer line of trenches stretching through France and Belgium, where Allied and German forces were locked in brutal trench warfare.
Alliances
Union of association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations.
Imperialism
The policy of an empire by which it gains land by conquest and rules other countries, or dominated them as colonies.
Nationalism
Feeling of loyalty to a nation.
Militarism
Belief a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
