Geography Study 10 Flashcards
Define positive correlation
As one variable increases so does the other, or if one variable decreases the other decreases.
Can positive correlation be bad?
Yes. E.g. more urbanisation, more traffic.
Define negative correlation.
As one variable increases, the other decreases.
Can negative correlation be bad?
Yes. E.g. more forests, less pollution.
Define well-being.
A good or satisfactory condition of existence, characterised by health, prosperity, happiness, and welfare.
Define experienced well-being.
An individuals subjective perception of personal well-being.
Define industrialised.
Having development of a wide range of industries.
Define devlopment.
To lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate communally.
What is the Human Development Index?
A measure of the standard of living and wellbeing by measuring life expectancy, education and income.
What are SDGs?
Sustainable development goals established to aim to end poverty, protect the earth, promote peace and prosperity.
Define qualitative indicators.
Measures that cannot easily be calculated or measured. E.g. Indices that measure freedom.
Define quantitative indicators.
Objective indices that are easily measures and can be stated numerically. E.g. annual income.
Define standard of living.
A level of material comfort in terms of goods and services available. Measured on a continuum - high, excellent, low, poor.
Define spatial variation.
A difference observed in a particular measure over an are of the Earth’s surface.
Define life expectancy.
The number of years a person can expect to live, based on the average living conditions within a country.
Define fertility rate.
The number of live births per 1000 women of childbearing age in a given year.
Define replacement rate.
The number of children each woman would need to have to ensure a stable population level.
Define natural increases.
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate.
Define maternal mortality.
The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days.
Define sex ratio.
The number of females per 1000 males in a given population.
Define gross domestic product.
The value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given period.
GDP per capita is?
Total GDP divided by the population of the country.
Define extreme poverty.
A state of living below the poverty line and lacking resources to meet basic life necessities.
Define a non-government organisation.
An organisation that operates independently of government.
Define sanitation.
Facilities that safely dispose of human waste and ensure hygiene.
Define socioeconomic factors.
Combined social and economic factors.
What is an ecological footprint?
A measure of human demand on Earth’s natural systems in general and ecosystems. E.g. productive land required by each person for food, water, etc.
How to measure well-being?
Social, technological, environmental, economic, political.
Define MEDC
More economically developed country.
Define LEDC
Less economically developed country.
Is there a strong connection between development and poverty?
Yes
HHPW? Standard of well-being.
health, happiness, prosperity, welfare
