WW1

Question 1

What countries emerged from the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 1

• Czechoslovakia
• Poland (return thereof
• Yugoslavia (Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes).
• Other territory went to France, Romania, and Italy.

Question 2

What was the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 2

dictated by the Triple Entente powers led by French diplomats, determined that Austria-Hungary should dissolve into multiple nation-states, Austria-Hungary signed the treaty in protest.

Question 3

What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany?

Answer 3

Germany lost
-10% of its land, all its overseas colonies
-12.5% of its population
-16% of its coal
-48% of its iron industry

Question 4

Capitulation (definition)

Answer 4

The action of surrendering or ceasing to resist an opponent or demand

Question 5

Describe the Capitulation of the German Empire (1918)

Answer 5

close to the war’s end Germans overthrow gov’t because of dissent for making extreme sacrafices during war and for being humiliated for losing the war —- they could forsee

Question 6

What were the 4 reasons the Weimar Republic was established as a liberal democracy?

Answer 6

1. liberal democratic countries in Europe were generating high levels of personal wealth (successful in other countries)
2. Germans did not trust a gov’t to have absolute power which is what communism called for. (didn’t trust a gov’t of autocracy)
3. Germans wanted to keep their personal wealth
4. WW1 demonstrated that liberal democratic states can build and manage powerful militaries.

Question 7

What was the Balfour Declaration?

Answer 7

an agreement between Britain’s then-foreign secretary, Arthur Balfour, and Lionel Walter Rothschild, declaring Britain’s aim to establish “a national home for Jewish people” in Palestine.

Question 8

Dissenfranchisment (definiton)

Answer 8

the state of being deprived of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote

Question 9

Triple Alliance “Central Powers”

Answer 9

Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy

Question 10

Triple Entente “Allied Powers”

Answer 10

Russia, Britain, France <- Canada was apart/ in favour of Triple Entente

Question 11

France WW1 Interests

Answer 11

Gave up two wealth territories to Germany when it lost te Franco-Prussian war.
national int: economic prosperity
nationalism (geographic/cultural)

Question 12

Russia WW1 Interests

Answer 12

‘Sleeping Giant”
- borders on Germany
- has a large Germany
Plays “big brother” to Serbia
national int: (economic prosperity) nationalism (language)

Question 13

Britain WW1 Interests

Answer 13

Largest empire, Largest navy to protect its empire. In an arms race with Germany to build a bigger and stronger navy.
national int: safety & security
nationalism (colonies)

Question 14

Germany WW1 Interests

Answer 14

Seeking land and raw materials
Allies with Austria-Hungary and Italy. Builds a large army to compete with France and Britain
national int: economic prosperity
nationalism: historical

Question 15

Italy WW1 Interests

Answer 15

Has a defensive alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary. Will help them if they’re attacked
national int: safety & security

Question 16

Austria-Hungary WW1 Interests

Answer 16

Their nationalism threatens Austria-Hungary’s colonial power. Takes over Bosnia
Wants to take over Serbia and all Slavic nations
national int: safety & security, economic prosperity
nationalism: ideologial

Question 17

What are the 3 categories of national interests

Answer 17

1. Economic Prosperity
2. Beliefs & Values
3. Safety & Security

Question 18

Ultranationalism

Answer 18

radical loyalty and devotion to a nation nationalism in which a country asserts or maintains detrimental supremacy, or other forms of control over other nations (usually through violent coercion) to pursue its specific interests.

Question 19

What are the three types of Authoritarian government?

Answer 19

Oligarchy, Autocracy, Totalitarianism

Question 20

Oligarchy

Answer 20

• Rule by a select group of people in which the right to rule is determined by specific qualities, such as wealth, race, heredity, or education.
• Act in the interests of their social class, not for the greater good.

Question 21

Autocracy

Answer 21

-Power is vested in one single ruler who is only accountable to themselves.
-Do not tend to follow an ideology
dictatorship
monarchy

Question 22

Totalitarianism

Answer 22

-An extreme form of authoritarianism that seeks not only complete control of politics, but of the social, economic, cultural, and religious lives of citizens

-Associated with an official ideology.
Typically a one-party state.

Question 23

5 Main causes of WW1

Answer 23

Militarism
Alliances
Nationalism
Imperialism
Assasination

Question 24

Expansionism (Lebensraum)

Answer 24

Hitler’s idea of “territorial expansion” would get that space by conquering Eastern Europe and Russia

Question 25

Appeasement policy

Answer 25

-diplomatic policy of conceding the enemy country to avoid war, policy followed by Britain and France
-allowed Hitler to violate the terms of the Treaty of Versailles so that he would not do anything worse.

Question 26

What was the Conscription Crisis of 1917?

Answer 26

The vast majority of French Canadians opposed conscription; they felt that they had no particular loyalty to either Britain or France. They felt their only loyalty was to Canada. English Canadians supported the war effort as they felt stronger ties to the British Empire.

Question 27

What sparked WWI?

Answer 27

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip
  -Serbian terrorist group (Black Hand)
  -Further enrages Austro-Hungarians
  Justifies military response

Question 28

Why didn’t the United States want to join the League of Nations after WWI

Answer 28

Because of opposition from isolationists in Congress

Question 29

Blank Cheque (Carte Blanche)

Answer 29

Austria-Hungary seeks advice from Germany
Germany gives a “blank cheque” to respond as they wish
They will support them even if it means war

Question 30

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 30

-Germany decides to attack France through Belgium
-However, Belgium is neutral
Britain had signed a treaty to protect it

Question 31

Internment of “Enemy Aliens”

Answer 31

Canadian citizens of Austro-Hungarian (mostly Ukrainians) and German descent were interned in prison camps across Canada.

Question 32

Conscription Crisis

Answer 32

-Quebec was largely opposed to conscription, although the federal government made this mandatory in 1917.
-This aggravated Francophone-Anglophone relations in Canada,
-Quebecers saw they had no voice in Canadian politics or provincial autonomy.