Ww1 Flashcards
Who is Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to the throne of Austria- Hungary, an empire which existed from 1867 to 1914 and ruled over a large population of Europe
Why do Serbian Nationalists dislike Austria Hungary
Sarajevo was the capital of Bosnia, a region which had been annexed [taken over] by Austria-Hungary in 1908.
What happened in 1903 in Austia-Hungary
1903: Pro-Austrian rulers were overthrown and murdered in Serbia.
What happened in 1910 and May 1914
Organised terrorist attacks saw Serb
nationalists attempt to kill Governors in Austria-Hungary.
What happened in 1912 and 1913 in Austria Hungary
Serbia’s successes during the Balkans Wars saw the country double in size. This increased the threat of the nation in
eyes of the Austro-Hungarian empire.
What happene in 1914 in Austria Hungary
war with Serbia was seen by some as inevitable [bound to
happen].
How did Archduke Ferninad die
There were many failed assasinations attempts on him and when all seemed lost for them the driver took a wrong turn and by chance Gavrilo Princip fired two shots at the car killing Fernina dand his wife
When did Austria declare war
July 28, 1914.
What did alliances cause in WW1
The domino effect which lead to war
Who was in the triple alliance
Germany,Austria-Hungary,Italy
Who was in the Triple Entente
England,France,Russia
What did many peope believe by 1914
The war to be inevitable
What did the German plan in 1905
The Schlieffen plan
What is the schlieffen plan
The Schlieffen Plan was Germany’s tactical solution for avoiding a two-front war with France and Russia. 2. Under this plan, drawn up in 1905, France would be forced to a quick surrender by a German invasion in the north.
When did Germany confirm to support Austria-Hungary
July 6 1914
Why wasn’t the war over by Christmas
The failure of the Schlieffen plan forced the German to create fortified trenches which the British and French couldn’t break through so they would create their tenches right by them. Neither side could find a way though so they were stuck in stalemate
What techniques did Britain use to get people to join the war
Propaganda, peer pressure, pay and patriotism
What punishments were put to people who refused to join or left
Shot as a deserter,prison and put in non combatant forces
Problems with trenches
Trench rats, lice, food,disease
Parts of a trench
Barbed wire, dugout, duckboard, sandbag, firestep,parapet and ammuition shelf
What were the problems with trench warfare
The warfare used in WW1 was very brutal it was meant to disable people then killing them so they would take up more resources this would lead the people being affected by the weapons to suffer causing mental and physical problems
What kind of problems did the war cause
Trauma,disabilities and long term health problems
What is shell shock
The term “shell shock” was coined by the soldiers themselves. Symptoms included fatigue, tremor, confusion, nightmares and impaired sight and hearing. It was often diagnosed when a soldier was unable to function and no obvious cause could be identified.
What was the war at Passchendale and Somme seen as
A complete failure
What were the generals and soldiers seen as
Soldiers (Lions) Generals (Donkeys)
Why was the bombardment not a success
The wire had not been cut, 1/3 of shells didn’t explode and Germans hid in dugouts
How many casualties in Somme
120,00 troops took part 57,00 injured ans 19,000 killed in first 2 hours
How much land did British win
6 miles x20 miles of territory
When was the battle of Passchendaele
Started 31st July 1917 and ended 10 November 1917,
What happened November 6 1917
Passchendaele village was finally taken and Haig used this success as the reason for calling off the attack.
What happened in the Thied battle of Ypres
For the sake of a few kilometres, the British had lost 310,000 men and the Germans 260,000. Haig was heavily criticised for the attack and for failing to modify his plans as the attack clearly was not going to be a success.
Give a an examples why the generals should not be seen as Donkeys
They were unfamiliar with the new strategies and technology which was being implemented by the end of the war ,they were trying to adapt to change and it ended with a possible outcome as the tank was used successfully for the first time.
Haigs persistence also lead the army to victory as his will to win carried the army to a battle which they would of thought of have ended in 1919 but ended in 1918
Many historians believe it was the nature of trench warfare and Britains inherent shortcoming resulting in the injuries and deaths
Give an example of why the generals should be seen as donkeys
In the battle of Somme 120,000 tooke part 57,000 injured and 19,000 died in the first 2 hours which shows his lack of knowledge with the new weaponary and tactics
Cavalary charge at machine guns
Ignorance of conditions at front lines and Haig tending to intimidate those under him would spark rivalries and add fuel to the already lit fire
When did WW1 start and end
28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918
