Wundt

Question 1

strengths that wundts work is scientific

Answer 1

he recorded introspections in a controlled lab
he standardised all his procedures

Question 2

limitations that wundts research is subjective

Answer 2

he relied on participants self-reporting their private mental processes

Question 3

What is a key characteristic of a scientific approach to psychology?

Answer 3

It is not desirable or possible to study human thought and experience scientifically.

This suggests limitations in applying traditional scientific methods to psychological phenomena.

Question 4

What does the humanistic approach in psychology emphasize?

Answer 4

It detects and formulates general human characteristics.

This approach focuses on individual potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization.

Question 5

What does the psychodynamic approach in psychology rely on?

Answer 5

It uses case studies with laws of behavior.

This approach often explores unconscious processes and past experiences in shaping behavior.

Question 6

What is a limitation of the psychodynamic approach regarding samples?

Answer 6

It often uses unrepresentative samples.

This can lead to biased conclusions that may not apply to the general population.

Question 7

What is a significant issue with how psychologists study human subjects?

Answer 7

Humans are active participants and therefore respond to demand characteristics.

This means that participants may alter their behavior based on their perceptions of the study’s expectations.

Question 8

According to Kunn, what must any science have?

Answer 8

A paradigm.

This refers to a set of practices that defines a scientific discipline at any particular period.

Question 9

What is a reason psychology is often not considered a science?

Answer 9

Psychology does not have a consistent paradigm.

This lack of a shared framework contributes to the uncertainty about its scientific status.

Question 10

Who introduced the concept of the unconscious mind in 1900?

Answer 10

Freud

Freud’s theories focused on the influences of the unconscious mind.

Question 11

What approach did Watson advocate for in 1913?

Answer 11

Behaviorism

Watson introduced rigorous scientific methods to psychology.

Question 12

What is the primary focus of operant conditioning?

Answer 12

Behavior modification through reinforcement

Operant conditioning is a method of learning that employs rewards and punishments.

Question 13

What psychological movement gained legitimacy in the 1950s?

Answer 13

Humanistic psychology

This movement emphasized individual uniqueness and personal growth.

Question 14

What was the main focus of cognitive psychology in the 1960s?

Answer 14

Mental processes

Cognitive psychology examines how people understand, think, and remember information.

Question 15

Who proposed the Social Learning Theory (SLT) in the 1970s?

Answer 15

Bandura

Bandura emphasized learning through observation and imitation.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The development of new _______ has advanced cognitive neuroscience.

Answer 16

technology

New technologies have allowed for better understanding of brain functions.

Question 17

What major change occurred in psychology in the 1990s?

Answer 17

Emergence of neuropsychology

Neuropsychology combines principles of neuroscience with psychological concepts.

Question 18

What does cognitive neuroscience focus on?

Answer 18

The relationship between cognitive processes and brain activity

This field studies how brain functions correlate with mental activities.

Question 19

True or False: Scientific methods were suggested as less important in behaviorism.

Answer 19

False

Behaviorism emphasized the importance of scientific methods to study behavior.