Wucheriria bancrofti ( Elephentiasis) Flashcards
Life cycle pattern of Wucheriria bancrofti
- infection
- maturation
3.. reproduction
During infection, an infected female __ bites a man
Culex
The __ larvae of W. bancrofti are deposited on the man’s skin. The larva then enters the body and reach the lymphatic channels. They settle there after some time.
3rd stage
During maturation, the microfilariae metamorphase into adult after _ to _ months
5-18 months
During reproduction, the adult worms undergo ___ where the female give birth to larva or new generation of microfilariae
copulation
When the larvae are accumulated, they lose their __
sheath
After about _ days, unsheathed larvae change into the 1st stage having a rudimentary gut
2 days
On the 10th day, the digestive system, body cavity, and genital developed and the ___ larvae are produced
3rd stage
In 3-6 days inside the mosquito, the larvae __
moult
Mode of transmission
- Bite of mosquito
Human stages
- Mosquito takes a blood meal (L3 larvae enter the skin)
- Adults in lymphatics
- Adults produced sheathed microfilariae that migrate into lymph and blood channels
- Mosquito takes a blood meal (ingest microfilariae)
Mosquito stages
- The mosquito ingest microfilariae from the human
- The microfilariae shed sheaths, penetrate the mosquito’s midgut, and migrate to the thoracic muscle
- L1 larvae
- L3 larvae
- L3 migrate to the head and mosquito’s proboscis
what are the symptoms of having filariasis
- Filarial fever
- headache
- Lymphangitis
- Lymphadenitis
W. bancrofti is diagnosed through various methods
- Blood Smear Examination
- Polymerase chain reaction
- Immunochromatographic Card Tests
- Serological Test
5.Xenomonitoring - Antigen Detection Test
- Ultrasound imaging
Key regions affected by lymphatic filariasis
- Sub-saharan africa
- asia
- western pacific
- caribbean
- south america
Who is at risk?
- people living in endemic areas
- travelers and migrants to endemic region
- people in occupations with high exposure
- People exposed to areas with high mosquitoes
- Individuals in area with poor vector control
The usual treatment for lymphatic filariasis is a drug called ___ which kills both immature and adult worm
Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)
What are the side effects of DEC?
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Fever
- Headache
- Pain in muscles and joints
Prevention for lymphatic filariasis:
- Avoid areas with high mosquito activity
- Use insect repellent
- Wear pants or long sleep
- Keeping windows closed
