wtr treatment lesson 4

Question 1

Water Types of Operators:

Answer 1

Operator In Training (OIT)
Level I to Level IV Operator
Operator In Charge (OIC)
Overall Responsible Operator (ORO)

Question 2

Types of Licenses:

Answer 2

Water Treatment
Water Distribution
Water Distribution and Supply

Question 3

Water characteristics

Answer 3

Physical characteristics
Chemical characteristics
Microbial characteristics
Radiological characteristics

Question 4

Different indicators and water quality standards depending on use of:

Answer 4

Industry
Agricultural
Drinking water
Recreation
Fisheries

Question 5

Why is drinking water quality important?

Answer 5

Public Health protection
The aesthetics promote customer acceptance
Influences treatment process and costs

Question 6

the four main categories for drinking water characteristics

Answer 6

Physical

Microbiological

Chemical

Radiological

Question 7

Physical characteristic

Answer 7

Turbidity
Colour
Temperature
Taste and Odor

Question 8

Microbiological characteristic

Answer 8

Pathogens
Algae … Blue Green Cyanobacteria

Question 9

Chemical characteristic

Answer 9

Organic & Inorganic
pH
Hardness
Alkalinity
Iron & Manganese

Question 10

Radiological characteristic

Answer 10

Natural and artificial

Question 11

Which physical or chemical characteristics of source water have the potential to affect health…and why?

Answer 11

all of the physical characteristics.
Turbidity: increases chlorine demand and may result in the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) with organics
Temperature: indirect impact on health cuz it affects the rate of growth of microorganisms.
Colour: colour may indicate presence of decaying organic material.
Taste and Odour: changes in taste might be an indication of contamination of the raw water supply, inadequate treatment of excessive biological activity.
Chemical impact: pH: elevated levels of undesirable chemical compounds are associated with corrosion problems in certain pipes, which occur at pH levels below 6.5

Question 12

Which physical characteristics of source water have an impact on disinfection…and why?

Answer 12

Turbidity
Temperature
Colour

Question 13

Water source

Answer 13

Surface Water
Ground Water
Ground water Under Direct Influence of Surface Water (GUDI)

Question 14

Surface water

Answer 14

Lakes, Ponds, Wetlands, Rivers, Streams, Drainage ditches, Infiltration trenches to recharge groundwater

Colour from organic compounds,
Lower hardness and alkalinity than groundwater.
Turbidity and suspended solids
Microbiological contamination
Nuisance Organisms
Subject to land/runoff contamination and industrial/municipal discharges

Question 15

Ground water

Answer 15

Water from below the earth’s surface:
- True groundwater essentially free of impacts of surface water.
-Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of
- surface water (GUDI)

Aquifer include Confined and Unconfined.
More dissolved minerals
Iron and manganese
pH range of 6.5-7.5
Temperature steady ~10°C year-round

Question 16

GUDI

Answer 16

Groundwater Under Direct Influence of Surface Water

Susceptible to contamination by surface water
Same risks of contamination as surface water, thus, same treatment and disinfection requirements

Question 17

Groundwater Contamination

Answer 17

Fuel, solvents, pesticides and
other chemical spills
Leakage from manure storage, septic tanks and landfills
Leaking underground and above ground fuel storage tanks
Movement of groundwater between contaminated and clean aquifers
Overapplication of soil products such as manure, biosolids, fertilizers or pesticides
Influence of surface water

Question 18

Groundwater Treatment

Answer 18

Disinfection
UV inactivation to achieve CT

Question 19

GUDI Groundwater Treatment

Answer 19

Same as Surface Water
Possible chemical treatment
Possible filtration
Disinfection
UV inactivation

Question 20

Ground Water or Surface Water?

Answer 20

Both ground water and surface water can provide safe drinking water, as long as the sources are not polluted, and the water is sufficiently treated.

In general, groundwater easier and cheaper to treat than surface water, because it tends to be less polluted.