WTM Flashcards
what subcellular structures are in an animal cell
nucleus cell membrane cytoplasm mitochondria ribosomes
what subcellular structures are in a plant cell
nucleus cell membrane cell wall vacuole mitochondria chloroplasts ribosome's cytoplasm
what is the function of the cell membrane, cell wall and chloroplasts
cell membrane - controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
cell wall - supports the cell
chloroplasts - contain chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis
what is the function of the mitochondria, ribosomes and the vacuole
mitochondria - where respiration takes place to release energy
ribosomes - make proteins (protein synthesis)
vacuole - contains cell sap to keep the cell rigid
what subcellular structures are in a bacterial cell
plasmid DNA chromosomal DNA cell wall cell membrane flagella
give three advantages of using an electron microscope to view cells
higher resolution so image is seen clearer
more detail is seen due to a higher magnification
understand more about the cell
where in the enzyme does the reaction take place
the active site
define the term gene
a section of DNA which codes for a specific protein
describe the structure of a DNA molecule
double helix
two strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
sugar phosphate backbone
what is a mutation
a change in the sequence of bases in DNA
define what an isotope is
same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
how is an ionic bond formed
gain and loss of electrons
attraction of oppositely charged ions
strong electrostatic force
how is a chlorine ion formed from a chlorine atom
chlorine gains 1 electron
describe the structure of an ionic compound (lattice)
oppositely charged ions packed together in a regular arrangement
give three properties of covalent molecules
low mp
low bp
cannot conduct electricity
how do we test for carbon dioxide
turns limewater cloudy
calculate the mr of sodium chloride and calcium chloride, show your working .
Na = 23 Cl = 35.5
1x23 = 23
1x35. 5 = 35.5
35. 5 + 23 = 58.5
show how to calculate the empirical formula of lithium carbonate if a sample contains 2.8g of lithium, 2.4g of carbon and 9.6g of oxygen
Li = 7 C=12 0= 16 divide 2.8 by 7 = 0.4 divide 2.4 by 12 = 0.2 divide 96 by 16 = 0.6 identify the smallest (0.2) divide all above answers by the smallest to get 2,1 ,3 so there is 2 lithium, 1 carbon and 3 oxygen
what is an alpha particle
2 protons and 2 neutrons
how do you calculate work done when given force and distance
E = f x d
calculate the equation for KE
KE = 1/2 mv squared
how should you put an ammeter into a circuit and what does it measure, give the units
in series
current
amps
how should you put a voltmeter into a circuit and what does it measure, give the units
in parallel
voltage / pd
volts
explain the effect of increasing resistance on current
reduce current because it more difficult for the electrons to flow
state the equation which links charge, current and time
Q = I x t
state the three ways of calculating power
P = E/t P = I x V P = I squared x R
