WSET Level 2 Practice Questions Flashcards
Which of the following conditions allows for the best impression of a wine?
a) A room that has been cleaned with bleach;
b) A room that allows natural light;
c) A palate that has been freshly brushed with toothpaste;
d) A palate after a cup of coffee.
b) A room that allows natural light
Which of the following is the most common colour for red wines?
a) Purple
b) Ruby
c) Garnet
d) Tawny
b) Ruby
Which of the following is the most common colour for white wines?
a) Lemon
b) Gold
c) Amber
d) Brown
a) Lemon
Which of the following colours best describes a red wine with some age?
a) Ruby
b) Garnet
c) Purple
d) Gold
b) Garnet
If the pigmentation of a wine reaches from the core to the rim, it should be described as:
a) Pale
b) Medium
c) Deep
d) Pronounced
c) Deep
Oak and malolactic conversion aromas are considered:
a) Primary Aromas
b) Secondary Aromas
c) Tertiary Aromas
d) Faulted Aromas
b) Secondary Aromas
A fortified wine such as Fino Sherry with 15% alcohol is described as having:
a) Low alcohol
b) Medium alcohol
c) High alcohol
a) Low alcohol
Which structural component is the main factor that contributes to body in a wine?
a) Sugar
b) Acidity
c) Tannins
d) Alcohol
d) Alcohol
Which factor is important for balance in wine with sugar?
a) Acidity
b) Alcohol
c) Flavour characteristics
d) Tannins
Which factor is important for balance in wine with sugar?
a) Acidity
A wine should meet how many positive criteria to qualify as acceptable?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) None – there are problems on all criteria
a) One
Which of the following is true about Sweetness in food when pairing with wine?
a) It makes a wine seem more acidic
b) It makes a wine seem more bitter
c) It makes seem less fruity
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
Which of the following is true about Umami in food when pairing with wine?
a) It makes a wine seem more bitter
b) It makes a wine seem less acidic
c) It makes a wine seem sweeter
d) None of the above
a) It makes a wine seem more bitter
Salt can enhance the flavour in wine.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Acidity in food can make a wine seem:
a) Drier
b) Less acidic
c) Less fruity
d) More bitter
b) Less acidic
Which statement is true about flavour intensity in food and wine pairing?
a) The flavour intensity of the food should be higher that the flavour intensity of the wine
b) The flavour intensity of the wine should be higher than the flavour intensity of the food
c) The food and wine should have equal flavour intensities
d) None of the above
c) The food and wine should have equal flavour intensities
Which of the following pairings is correct?
a) Salt in food decreases Acidity in wine
b) Umami in food decreases Alcohol in wine
c) Chili Heat in food decreases Bitterness in wine
d) Sweetness in food decreases Acidity in wine
a) Salt in food decreases Acidity in wine
The effect of chili heat is greatest in which wine style?
a) Wines with higher alcohol
b) Wines with lower alcohol
c) Wines with residual sugar
d) Wines with intense fruity characters
a) Wines with higher alcohol
A person’s sensitivities do not play an important role in matching food and wine.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Food has a greater impact on wine than wine has on food.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Acidity in wine makes the palate seem cloying and unrefreshing when paired with fatty/oily foods.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which statement is most appropriate for storing wine?
a) Poor storage can create faulted wines
b) Wines mature well in extremes of temperature
c) Wines sealed with a screwcap should be stored on its side
d) Bright light helps a wine retain its freshness
a) Poor storage can create faulted wines
Which degree is generally accepted as “room temperature?”
a) 6°C / 46°F
b) 12°C / 50°F
c) 18°C / 64°F
d) 24°C / 75°F
c) 18°C / 64°F
Which type of wine is best served in a flute?
a) Sparkling wine
b) Dry red wine
c) Dry white wine
d) Fortified sweet wine
a) Sparkling wine
Which style of wine could be served at the warmest temperature range?
a) Still red wine
b) Rosé wine
c) Sparkling wine
d) Sweet wine
a) Still red wine
Which of the following wines should be served at the coolest temperature range?
a) Beaujolais
b) Champagne
c) Pinot Grigio
d) Shiraz
b) Champagne
An ice-bucket will efficiently chill a wine if:
a) The bucket is filled with ice only
b) The bucket is filled with ice and a little water
c) The bucket is filled with both parts ice and cold water
d) The bucket is filled of mostly water and a little ice
c) The bucket is filled with both parts ice and cold water
When opening a bottle of sparkling wine, one should always:
a) Hold the cork secure while loosening the cage
b) Hold the bottle at an angle
c) Turn the bottle, not the cork
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
When decanting an aged red wine, why should it be held near a light source?
a) It helps prevent the sediments from being agitated
b) It helps bring the wine up to room temperature
c) It helps with seeing when sediments collect in the neck
d) None of the above
c) It helps with seeing when sediments collect in the neck
Aromas of damp cardboard and muted fruit flavours is indicative of:
a) A wine that has been in contact with a cork contaminated with TCA
b) A wine that has been unintentionally exposed to oxygen by a failed closure
c) A wine that has been damaged by exposure to heat or sunlight
d) A wine that has thrown sediment from prolonged aging in bottle
a) A wine that has been in contact with a cork contaminated with TCA
A blanket system:
a) Chills a wine to proper serving temperature
b) Adds a layer of gas to protect remaining wine from oxidation
c) Is a decanting method that efficiently allows a wine to breathe
d) None of the above
b) Adds a layer of gas to protect remaining wine from oxidation
Which of the following pairs are found in the pulp of a grape?
a) Carbon dioxide and alcohol
b) Colour and tannin
c) Seeds and stems
d) Sugar and acid
d) Sugar and acid
Most wine grapes belong to which species of vine?
a) African
b) Asian
c) European
d) North American
c) European
Which environmental factor generates energy in the vine to produce sugars to grow and ripen grapes?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Nutrients
c) Sunlight
d) Water
c) Sunlight
Which is the correct order for grape formation and ripening?
a) Flowering, Fruit Set, Véraison, Ripening
b) Ripening, Véraison, Fruit Set, Flowering
c) Fruit Set, Flowering, Ripening, Véraison
d) Véraison, Ripening, Flowering, Fruit Set
a) Flowering, Fruit Set, Véraison, Ripening
Which of the following occurs during Véraison?
a) Flowers are pollinated and turn into newly formed grapes
b) Grapes change colour from dark green to golden or reddish-purple
c) Grapes swell with water and sugars
d) Grapes develop tannins and flavours
b) Grapes change colour from dark green to golden or reddish-purple
An example of a grape that performs better in a warm climate but not in a cool climate is:
a) Chardonnay
b) Grenache
c) Pinot Noir
d) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Grenache
Warm ocean currents play a significant climatic role in:
a) California
b) Chile
c) Northern Europe
d) South Africa
c) Northern Europe
A wine region with an average growing season temperature of 17°C / 63°F is considered to have a:
a) Cold Climate
b) Cool Climate
c) Moderate Climate
d) Warm Climate
c) Moderate Climate
In climates further from the equator, vineyards can maximise sunlight exposure by:
a) Planting grapes on flat, easily accessible land
b) Planting grapes on slopes that receive ample shade
c) Planting grapes on slopes facing rivers
d) Planting grapes on cool soils with no stones
c) Planting grapes on slopes facing rivers
Which environmental factor best creates sunny summers and dry autumns that can extend the growing
season?
a) Bodies of water
b) Cloud cover
c) Mountains
d) Soils
c) Mountains
Most of the world’s vineyards are found between which degrees of latitude?
a) 10 to 30
b) 20 to 40
c) 30 to 50
d) 40 to 60
c) 30 to 50
Which weather-related issue can result in wines that are too high in acidity?
a) Cooler than usual vintages
b) Frost
c) Hail
d) High levels of rain
a) Cooler than usual vintages
Which of the following is a challenge in the spring that can reduce the crop for the year?
a) Drought
b) Frost
c) Hail
d) Hotter than usual temperatures
b) Frost
Which of the following would be used in high levels of moisture?
a) Fungicides
b) Herbicides
c) Pesticides
d) All of the above
a) Fungicides
The challenge of lower yields is:
a) Commercial viability
b) Diluted flavours
c) Lower sugar levels
d) Shriveled grapes that develop raisin-like flavours
a) Commercial viability
An example of a pest or disease that is beneficial to grapes is:
a) Birds
b) Pierce’s Disease
c) Mildew
d) Botrytis Cinerea
d) Botrytis Cinerea
Grapes harvested later in the ripening process will have:
a) Higher acidity, lower sugars
b) Higher sugars, lower acidity
c) Higher sugars and acidity
d) Lower acidity and sugars
b) Higher sugars, lower acidity
Vendanges tardives indicates a wine made from:
a) Grapes that have been picked later in the harvest season
b) Grapes that have been affected by botrytis
c) Grapes that have been left to freeze on the vine
d) Grapes that have been harvested from old vines
a) Grapes that have been picked later in the harvest season
An example of a PDO-level wine in Europe is:
a) Indicazione Geografica Tipica
b) Qualitätswein
c) Vin de Pays
d) Vino de la Tierra
b) Qualitätswein
The acronym AOC refers to a PDO-wine from which country?
a) France
b) Germany
c) Italy
d) Spain
a) France
Which process maximizes extraction of liquid from grapes?
a) Crushing
b) Pressing
c) Fermentation
d) Maceration
b) Pressing
Which combination of factors would most likely increase the cost of a wine?
a) Steep vineyard, new French oak barrels, natural cork
b) Machine-harvest, used American barrels, screwcap
c) Hand-harvest, stainless steel, synthetic cork
d) High-yield, oak staves, cardboard box
a) Steep vineyard, new French oak barrels, natural cork
Which is the correct typical order for red winemaking?
a) Pressing, Draining, Fermentation, Maturation
b) Fermentation, Draining, Pressing, Maturation
c) Draining, Maturation, Pressing, Fermentation
d) Maturation, Fermentation, Draining, Pressing
b) Fermentation, Draining, Pressing, Maturation
Which process uses a plunger to extract colour and tannin for red winemaking?
a) Blending
b) Short maceration
c) Pumping over
d) Punching down
d) Punching down
Which is the correct order for dry white winemaking?
a) Crushing, Pressing, Fermentation, Maturation
b) Fermentation, Maturation, Crushing, Pressing
c) Maturation, Crushing, Pressing, Fermentation
d) Pressing, Fermentation, Crushing, Maturation
a) Crushing, Pressing, Fermentation, Maturation
Short maceration followed by fermentation temperatures of 12°C – 22°C (54°F - 72°F) best describes:
a) White winemaking
b) Rosé winemaking
c) Red winemaking
d) Sweet winemaking
b) Rosé winemaking
In cool vintages:
a) Acid may be added to the grape juice before fermentation
b) Acid may be added to the finished wine after fermentation
c) Sugar may be added to the grape juice before fermentation
d) Sugar may be added to the finished wine after fermentation
c) Sugar may be added to the grape juice before fermentation
Which of the following would result in the least cost when adding oak flavours to a wine?
a) Oak staves
b) New French oak
c) Previously used barrels
d) Barrel fermentation
a) Oak staves
Which vessel would lead to maturation with oxygen?
a) OId oak vats
b) Bottles
c) Cement tanks
d) Stainless steel tanks
a) OId oak vats
After which step of the winemaking process is the wine unlikely to improve?
a) Pressing
b) Fermentation
c) Maturation
d) Packaging
d) Packaging
Which of the following statements about Pinot Noir is true?
a) Pinot Noir is widely planted as it adapts easily to a variety of climatic conditions
b) Pinot Noir can be enjoyed when it is young
c) Pinot Noir produces full-body wines with strong tannins
d) Pinot Noir can withstand intense flavours from new oak
b) Pinot Noir can be enjoyed when it is young
If a climate or vintage is too warm, the flavours of Pinot Noir will:
a) Be well-suited for several years aging in bottle
b) Show unattractive flavours of cooked fruit
c) Show subtle flavours of clove and smoke
d) Struggle to ripen
b) Show unattractive flavours of cooked fruit
Which labelling term would be the highest-quality from the best vineyards in Burgundy?
a) Cru
b) Grand Cru
c) Premier Cru
d) Villages
b) Grand Cru
Which of the following is not a village AOC in Burgundy?
a) Beaune
b) Gevrey-Chambertin
c) Nuits-Saint-Georges
d) Pomerol
d) Pomerol
Good examples of Pinot Noir in California are generally not found in:
a) Carneros
b) Santa Barbara
c) Sonoma
d) Napa
d) Napa
A cool region of Australia that produces quality Pinot Noir is:
a) Barossa Valley
b) Hunter Valley
c) Clare Valley
d) Yarra Valley
d) Yarra Valley
Which Chilean region produces very good Pinot Noir?
a) Casablanca Valley
b) Central Valley
c) Colchagua
d) Maipo
a) Casablanca Valley
Which region of New Zealand is not famous for its Pinot Noir?
a) Central Otago
b) Hawke’s Bay
c) Marlborough
d) Martinborough
b) Hawke’s Bay
Which region is well known for producing high quality Pinot Noir in South Africa?
a) Mornington Peninsula
b) Oregon
c) Stellenbosch
d) Walker Bay
d) Walker Bay
Which statements about White Zinfandel are true?
1) It is a white wine
2) It is medium-sweet
3) It is high alcohol
4) It is typically aged in oak
a) 2 only
b) 2 & 4
c) 1, 2, & 4
d) All of the above
a) 2 only
Blending Pinot Noir with other grapes is common practice in:
a) Burgundy
b) Beaujolais
c) Champagne
d) Hermitage
c) Champagne
Which Italian region is the source of wines made from Primitivo?
a) Piemonte
b) Puglia
c) Tuscany
d) Veneto
b) Puglia
What type of climate is best suited for Zinfandel/Primitivo?
a) Cool Climate
b) Moderate Climate
c) Warm Climate
d) All of the above
c) Warm Climate
Zinfandel grapes can ofted raisin on the vine.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Just-ripe Riesling produces flavours of:
a) Apple, lime, and lemon
b) Apricot, mango, and raisins
c) Asparagus, green bell pepper, and gooseberry
d) Vanilla, coconut, and hazelnut
a) Apple, lime, and lemon
Naturally high acidity in Riesling means:
a) It is suitable for late-harvesting when conditions are right
b) It should be consumed young and does not have potential to develop further
c) Oak aging is often used to contribute to balance and complexity
d) None of the above
a) It is suitable for late-harvesting when conditions are right
Which of the following terms describes a sterile grape juice that can be added to sweeten some Rieslings?
a) Prädikatswein
b) Qualitätswein
c) Süssreserve
d) Spätlese
c) Süssreserve
Which Prädikatswein translates to English as “late harvest?”
a) Auslese
b) Eiswein
c) Halbtrocken
d) Spätlese
d) Spätlese
What is the determining factor for each of the German Prädikatswein levels?
a) Vineyard site
b) Vintage
c) Sugar levels
d) Price
c) Sugar levels
In order of least ripe to most ripe, which of the following is correct?
a) Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese
b) Beerenauslese, Auslese, Spätlese, Kabinett
c) Auslese, Beerenauslese, Spätlese, Kabinett
d) Spätlese, Kabinett, Auslese, Beerenauslese
a) Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese
Which region typically has lighter-bodied Rieslings that have medium-sweetness?
a) Mosel
b) Rheingau
c) Pfalz
d) Eden Valley
a) Mosel
Which term refers to a Riesling that is made from selected dried berries?
a) Halbtrocken
b) Kabinett
c) Landwein
d) Trockenbeerenauslese
d) Trockenbeerenauslese
Which pair of regions produces Australia’s signature Rieslings?
a) Clare Valley and Eden Valley
b) Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale
c) Yarra Valley and Hunter Valley
d) Mornington Peninsula and Margaret River
a) Clare Valley and Eden Valley
The Vosges Mountains allow Riesling to ripen slowly and gradually in which French region?
a) Alsace
b) Burgundy
c) Loire Valley
d) Rhône Valley
a) Alsace
Chenin Blanc, Sémillon, and Furmint are often used to produce high-quality:
a) Sparkling wines made using the traditional method
b) Red wines that are often matured in oak
c) Sweet wines made from noble rot
d) Wines that are fortified after fermentation
c) Sweet wines made from noble rot
The grape variety used to make a Vouvray is:
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Furmint
c) Sémillon
d) All of the above
a) Chenin Blanc
The style of wine from Vouvray AOC is:
a) Dry to off-dry
b) Medium to Sweet
c) Sparkling
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
Sauvignon Blanc is typically blended with:
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Sémillon/Semillon
c) Furmint
d) None of the above
b) Sémillon/Semillon
Which term is an indication of sweetness in a wine from Tokaj?
a) Beerenauslese
b) Classico
c) Puttonyos
d) Reserva
c) Puttonyos
South Africa’s most widely planted white grape variety is:
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Furmint
c) Semillon
d) None of the above
a) Chenin Blanc
Which region is not known for its botrytis-affected sweet wines?
a) Hunter Valley
b) Sauternes AOC
c) Tokaj
d) Vouvray AOC
a) Hunter Valley
A Tokaji wine made from Furmint can be dry.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Sauternes wines are based on which variety?
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Furmint
c) Riesling
d) Sémillon
d) Sémillon
Which of the following statements about Chardonnay is false?
a) Chardonnay is always oaked
b) Chardonnay is the grape of Chablis
c) Chardonnay is grown in a range of climates
d) Chardonnay can show a range of primary fruit characters
a) Chardonnay is always oaked
Which winemaking practice contributes flavours of butter and cream to a Chardonnay?
a) Malolactic conversion
b) Lees stirring
c) Oak barrel maturation
d) Bottle aging
a) Malolactic conversion
Which of the following is not an AOC for Chardonnay?
a) Bordeaux AOC
b) Bourgogne AOC
c) Mâcon AOC
d) Meursault AOC
a) Bordeaux AOC
Winemakers can use oak chips to give Chardonnay oak flavours.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Which of the following regions would Chardonnay most likely be unoaked?
a) Chablis AOC
b) Puligny-Montrachet AOC
c) Meursault AOC
d) Pouilly-Fuissé AOC
a) Chablis AOC
Which region is considered the heart of Burgundian Chardonnay?
a) Côte de Nuits
b) Côte de Beaune
c) Côte-Rôtie
d) Côtes du Rhône
b) Côte de Beaune
Which Californian region would have a warmer climate for Chardonnay?
a) Carneros
b) Napa Valley
c) Santa Barbara
d) Sonoma
b) Napa Valley
Which region on a label would unlikely be a source of high-volume Chardonnay?
a) Central Valley
b) Hawke’s Bay
c) Southeastern Australia
d) Western Cape
b) Hawke’s Bay
Which of the following is not an Australian region known for its Chardonnay?
a) Adelaide Hills
b) Margaret River
c) Walker Bay
d) Yarra Valley
c) Walker Bay
Which of the following statements about Sauvignon Blanc is false?
a) It is an aromatic varietal
b) It is usually high in acidity and light to medium bodied
c) It needs a warm climate to show its herbaceous character
d) It does not typically benefit from bottle aging
c) It needs a warm climate to show its herbaceous character
Which of the following is not an AOC for Sauvignon Blanc in the Loire Valley?
a) Sancerre AOC
b) Pouilly-Fuissé AOC
c) Touraine AOC
d) Pouilly-Fumé AOC
b) Pouilly-Fuissé AOC
Which Bordeaux AOC is home to top quality Sauvignon Blanc?
a) Haut-Médoc AOC
b) Margaux AOC
c) Pessac-Léognan AOC
d) St.-Émilion AOC
c) Pessac-Léognan AOC
Sémillon and Sauvignon Blanc are blended in Bordeaux because:
a) Sauvignon Blanc lacks acidity, adding Semillon increases aging potential
b) Sémillon is an aromatic grape that can help bring flavour to Sauvignon Blanc
c) Sauvignon Blanc benefits from additional body brought to the blend by Sémillon
d) All of the above
c) Sauvignon Blanc benefits from additional body brought to the blend by Sémillon
The classic home for Sauvignon Blanc in New Zealand is found in:
a) Hawke’s Bay
b) Marlborough
c) Central Otago
d) Walker Bay
b) Marlborough
New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc can best be described as:
a) Dry, high acidity, neutral aromas
b) Off-dry, high acidity, pungent aromas
c) Dry, high acidity, pungent aromas
d) Off-dry, low acidity, neutral aromas
c) Dry, high acidity, pungent aromas
Which pair of regions are known for Sauvignon Blanc in Australia?
a) Adelaide Hills and Margaret River
b) Hunter Valley and Barossa Valley
c) Eden Valley and Clare Valley
d) Yarra Valley and Mornington Peninsula
a) Adelaide Hills and Margaret River
Most of California is not suited to growing fresh, herbaceous Sauvignon Blanc because:
a) Fogs keep temperatures cool
b) Soils are too fertile
c) The climate is too warm
d) The weather is too dry
c) The climate is too warm
What pair of regions in South Africa are famous for Sauvignon Blanc?
a) Casablanca Valley and Central Valley
b) Constantia and Elgin
c) Napa Valley and Sonoma
d) Walker Bay and Western Cape
b) Constantia and Elgin
Argentina is emerging as a significant producer of high-quality Sauvignon Blanc.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Pinot Gris is the same grape variety as Pinot Noir.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which most contributes to the stylistic differences between a Pinot Grigio and a Pinot Gris?
a) Grape-growing choices
b) Fermentation choices
c) Maturation choices
d) Packaging choices
a) Grape-growing choices
Pinot Gris is known as Pinot Grigio in:
a) Germany
b) Italy
c) Portugal
d) Spain
b) Italy
Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris is often fermented and matured in a portion of new oak.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which pair of regions are known for producing Pinot Grigio in Italy?
a) Campania and Venezie
b) Friuli and Veneto
c) Piemonte and Puglia
d) Tuscany and Marche
b) Friuli and Veneto
Typical aromas and flavours for Pinot Gris in Alsace are:
a) Lemon, apple, and honey
b) Peach, mango, and honey
c) Rose, clove and banana
d) Strawberry, clove and mushroom
b) Peach, mango, and honey
Pinot Gris can come from a Premier Cru vineyard in Alsace.
c) True
d) False
d) False
Which AOC is home to the finest examples of Viognier?
a) Condrieu AOC
b) Côte-Rôtie AOC
c) Graves AOC
d) Touraine AOC
a) Condrieu AOC
Identify the grape varieties that can be classified as vendanges tardives in Alsace:
1) Gewurztraminer
2) Pinot Gris
3) Riesling
4) Sémillon
a) 2 only
b) 2 & 4
c) 1, 2, & 3
d) All of the above
c) 1, 2, & 3
Gewurztraminer and Viognier are often blended together.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Gewurztraminer is best described as:
a) Medium-bodied with medium alcohol
b) Full-bodied with high alcohol
c) Light-bodied with light alcohol
d) Any of the above; it depends on the sweetness
b) Full-bodied with high alcohol
Dry, full-body, pronounced aromas of peach, apricot, and blossom best describe:
a) Albariño
b) Gewurztraminer
c) Pinot Gris
d) Viognier
d) Viognier
Albariño is the white grape of which region?
a) Priorat DOCa
b) Rías Baixas DO
c) Ribera del Duero DO
d) Rioja DOCa
b) Rías Baixas DO
The Albariño grape is known for producing which of the following:
a) Sweet, high-acid, oaked white wines with tropical fruit character
b) Light to medium bodied red wines with red fruit character
c) Unoaked dry white wines with citrus and stone fruit character
d) Simple, medium-sweet unoaked rosé wines with red fruit character
c) Unoaked dry white wines with citrus and stone fruit character
Merlot is originally from:
a) Bordeaux
b) Burgundy
c) Loire Valley
d) Rhône Valley
a) Bordeaux
Riper Merlot from a warmer climate will show primary flavours of:
a) Blackcurrant and green bell pepper
b) Blackberry and black plum
c) Green apple and lemon
d) Strawberry and black pepper
b) Blackberry and black plum
When blended together, Merlot brings to Cabernet Sauvignon:
a) Lower tannin and red-fruit flavours
b) Higher tannin and red-fruit flavours
c) Lower tannin and dark-fruit flavours
d) Higher tannin and dark-fruit flavours
a) Lower tannin and red-fruit flavours
Merlot typically needs more time to mature in oak and age in bottle than Cabernet Sauvignon.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which river divides Bordeaux into a Left and Right Bank?
a) Gironde
b) Loire
c) Rhine
d) Rhône
a) Gironde
Which of the following communes is not on the Left Bank?
a) Margaux
b) Pomerol
c) Pessac-Léognan
d) Pauillac
b) Pomerol
Premium California Merlot typically shows light, subtle flavours of vanilla and coconut.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which of the following AOCs would be mostly Merlot?
a) Haut-Médoc AOC
b) Graves AOC
c) St.-Émilion Grand Cru AOC
d) Pessac-Léognan AOC
c) St.-Émilion Grand Cru AOC
Which Chilean region typically produces medium-bodied Merlots from high yields?
a) Casablanca Valley
b) Central Valley
c) Colchagua
d) Maipo
b) Central Valley
The climate of Bordeaux is best described as:
a) Cool continental
b) Moderate maritime
c) Warm Mediterranean
d) Hot tropical
b) Moderate maritime
In which Australian region does Merlot play an important role in blends with Cabernet Sauvignon?
a) Barossa Valley
b) Coonawarra
c) Margaret River
d) Mornington Peninsula
c) Margaret River
Which of the following statements best describes a Cabernet Sauvignon?
a) High tannin, pronounced aromatics, high acidity
b) Medium tannin, medium aromatics, full body
c) Soft tannin, medium aromatics, light body
d) High tannins, high aromatics, medium acidity
a) High tannin, pronounced aromatics, high acidity
Which flavour profile best describes a Cabernet Sauvignon?
a) Strawberry, mushroom, and barnyard
b) Black currants, bell pepper, and mint
c) Plum, dark cherry, and coffee
d) Blackberry, black pepper, and liquorice
b) Black currants, bell pepper, and mint
Which of the following statements about Cabernet Sauvignon is true?
a) It ripens easily so can be grown in either a cool or warm climate
b) It has its classic home on the Right Bank of Bordeaux
c) Its high acidity and high tannins enable it to age for a long time
d) All of the above
c) Its high acidity and high tannins enable it to age for a long time
Which region has established itself as a source of distinctively minty Cabernet Sauvignon in Australia?
a) Coonawarra
b) Barossa Valley
c) Hawke’s Bay
d) Oakville
a) Coonawarra
Which AOC includes the sub region of Pessac-Léognan?
a) Médoc AOC
b) Haut-Médoc AOC
c) Graves AOC
d) St. Émilion AOC
c) Graves AOC
Which of the following statements about Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon is false:
a) It is a powerful wine with high, ripe tannins
b) It has pronounced flavours of black fruits and oak
c) It is sometimes blended with small amounts of other grape varieties
d) It is difficult to ripen in the California climate
d) It is difficult to ripen in the California climate
Which Chilean region is not a major source of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot?
a) Casablanca
b) Central Valley
c) Colchagua
d) Maipo
a) Casablanca
In which region would Carmenère be blended with Cabernet Sauvignon?
a) Calistoga
b) Colchagua
c) Margaret River
d) Stellenbosch
b) Colchagua
Which term in Bordeaux indicates a high ranking for the best wines of the region?
a) Château
b) Cru Bourgeois
c) Cru Classé
d) Supérieur
c) Cru Classé
Which flavour profile best describes a Syrah?
a) Strawberry, mushroom, and barnyard
b) Black currants, green bell pepper, and cedar
c) Red Plum, dark cherry, and coffee
d) Blackberry, black pepper, and herbal
d) Blackberry, black pepper, and herbal
Which of the following would be a good description of a Syrah grape?
a) Large berries, thin skins, and low acidity
b) Small berries, thin skins, and medium acidity
c) Small berries, thick skins, and medium acidity
d) Large berries, thick skins, and high acidity
c) Small berries, thick skins, and medium acidity
Syrah is used to blend with Grenache to bring:
a) More colour and softer tannins
b) Lighter colour and higher tannins
c) More colour and higher tannins
d) Light colour and lower tannins
c) More colour and higher tannins
The classic region for Syrah is:
a) The Northern Rhône
b) The Southern Rhône
c) The Left Bank
d) The Right Bank
a) The Northern Rhône
Why are Syrah grapes hand-harvested in the Rhône Valley?
a) Grapes are harvested from old vines
b) Noble rot only affects some of the grapes
c) Vines are planted in gravel soils
d) Vineyards are planted on steep slopes
d) Vineyards are planted on steep slopes
Among the best appellations for Syrah are:
a) Chambertin and Montrachet
b) Côte-Rôtie and Hermitage
c) Margaux and Pauillac
d) St.-Émilion and Pomerol
b) Côte-Rôtie and Hermitage
Which Australian region has a cloudy climate that results in medium-bodied Shiraz?
a) Barossa Valley
b) Clare Valley
c) Hunter Valley
d) Yarra Valley
c) Hunter Valley
Shiraz is used to produce sparkling wines in Australia.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Which of these is a cru that produces wines made from Gamay?
a) Beaune
b) Fleurie
c) Hermitage
d) Minervois
b) Fleurie
Which region is famous for producing wines made from Gamay?
a) Beaujolais
b) Burgundy
c) Rhône Valley
d) Rioja
a) Beaujolais
Which of the following would be a good description of a Grenache grape?
a) High sugars, thin skins, and low acidity
b) Low sugars, thin skins, and medium acidity
c) Low sugars, thick skins, and medium acidity
d) High sugars, thick skins, and high acidity
a) High sugars, thin skins, and low acidity
Which flavour profile best describes a Grenache?
a) Strawberry, raspberry, and white pepper
b) Black currants, bell pepper, and cedar
c) Plum, dark cherry, and coffee
d) Blackberry, black pepper, and liquorice
a) Strawberry, raspberry, and white pepper
Which pair of grape varieties are commonly blended with Grenache?
a) Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
b) Gamay and Pinot Noir
c) Sangiovese and Primitivo
d) Syrah and Tempranillo
d) Syrah and Tempranillo
Grenache is often used to produce rosé wines.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Which of the below is a Grenache-based cru in the Southern Rhône?
a) Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
b) Condrieu AOC
c) Hermitage AOC
d) Minervois AOC
a) Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Which region would see red wines made mostly from Grenache?
a) Côtes du Rhône
b) Côte de Beaune
c) Côte-Rôtie
d) Côte de Nuits
a) Côtes du Rhône
The most powerful expression of Garnacha in Spain is from:
a) Catalunya DO
b) Navarra DO
c) Priorat DOCa
d) Rioja DOCa
c) Priorat DOCa
Which of the following pairs of regions is home to many old vine Grenache?
a) Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale
b) Casablanca Valley and Colchagua
c) Central Otago and Hawke’s Bay
d) Stellenbosch and Walker Bay
a) Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale
Which term does not appear on a Spanish label?
a) Classico
b) Gran Reserva
c) Reserva
d) None of the above
a) Classico
Which region is the most famous for Tempranillo-based wines in Spain?
a) Catalunya DO
b) Priorat DOCa
c) Rías Baixas DO
d) Rioja DOCa
d) Rioja DOCa
In Spain, the term Crianza indicates a wine that will show the most prounced tertiary aromas.
a) True
b) False
b) False
In which region is Tempranillo very full-bodied and have dark fruit character?
a) Rías Baixas DO
b) Ribera del Duero DO
c) Rioja DOCa
d) All of the above
b) Ribera del Duero DO
Which is the correct order for aging minimums in Spain from shortest to longest?
a) Crianza, Joven, Gran Reserva, Reserva
b) Gran Reserva, Reserva, Crianza, Joven
c) Joven, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva
d) Reserva, Gran Reserva, Joven, Crianza
c) Joven, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva
A black grape unique in South Africa is:
a) Barbera
b) Carmenère
c) Malbec
d) Pinotage
d) Pinotage
Which variety native to southwest France is the most important black grape variety in Argentina?
a) Carmenère
b) Grenache
c) Malbec
d) Pinotage
c) Malbec
Which variety native to Bordeaux is widely grown in Chile?
a) Carmenère
b) Malbec
c) Pinotage
d) Sémillon
a) Carmenère
Deeply coloured, high tannins, full body, and flavours of blackberry and eucalyptus best describes a:
a) Carmenère
b) Malbec
c) Nebbiolo
d) Pinotage
a) Carmenère
Pinotage is sometimes blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot to create:
a) Amarone della Valpolicella
b) Cape Blends
c) Côtes du Rhône-Villages
d) Méthode Cap Classique
b) Cape Blends
Malbec is commonly blended with Garnacha in Mendoza.
a) True
b) False
b) False
The grape of Soave is:
a) Cortese
b) Fiano
c) Garganega
d) Verdicchio
c) Garganega
Gavi DOCG is located in which part of Italy?
a) Campania
b) Marche
c) Piemonte
d) Veneto
c) Piemonte
The main grape of Gavi DOCG is:
a) Cortese
b) Fiano
c) Garganega
d) Verdicchio
a) Cortese
Typical aromas and flavours of Fiano include:
a) Blossom, pear, and vanilla
b) Lemon, fennel, and apple
c) Peach, melon, and mango
d) Strawberry, raspberry, and red cherry
c) Peach, melon, and mango
An important DOC in the Marche region is ___________ dei Castello di Jesi.
a) Cortese
b) Garganega
c) Fiano
d) Verdicchio
d) Verdicchio
Soave wines are always white and can be either dry or sweet.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Which Italian white variety typically has the fuller body and lower acidity?
a) Cortese
b) Garganega
c) Fiano
d) Verdicchio
c) Fiano
Which grape is used to make Barolo DOCG?
a) Barbera
b) Corvina
c) Nebbiolo
d) Sangiovese
c) Nebbiolo
Which of the below is not a red wine from Piemonte?
a) Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
b) Barolo DOCG
c) Barbera d’Asti DOCG
d) Barbaresco DOCG
a) Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
High acidity, high tannins, with red-fruit, dried herbs, and floral aromas best describes a:
a) Barbera
b) Corvina
c) Nebbiolo
d) Montepulciano
c) Nebbiolo
A wine from Barbera d’Asti DOCG makes similarly powerful wines as a Barolo DOCG.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which is the main grape of a Valpolicella blend?
a) Barbera
b) Corvina
c) Garganega
d) Nebbiolo
b) Corvina
Which pair of wines are made using the appassimento method?
a) Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG & Valpolicella Classico DOC
b) Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG & Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
c) Valpolicella DOC & Valpolicella Classico DOC
d) Valpolicella Classico DOC & Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
b) Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG & Amarone della
In which region is Corvina most important?
a) Abruzzo
b) Piemonte
c) Tuscany
d) Veneto
d) Veneto
The appassimento method creates sweet wines by:
a) Botrytis fungus developing on the skins
b) Harvesting grapes later in the season
c) Freezing the grapes on the vines
d) Drying the grapes after the harvest
d) Drying the grapes after the harvest
The term Classico on an Italian label indicates:
a) The wine is made from Sangiovese
b) The wine comes from a historic centre of a wine region
c) The wine has been aged for a minimum set number of months
d) Both the grape variety and the wine region
b) The wine comes from a historic centre of a wine region
Wines made from Barbera are typically more enjoyable at a younger stage than Nebbiolo.
a) True
b) False
a) True
The term riserva on an Italian wine label indicates:
a) The wine has been aged for a set number of months
b) The wine is of a lower minimum alcohol
c) The wine is from the best vineyards
d) None of the above; it has no legal implications
a) The wine has been aged for a set number of months
Chianti is dominated by which grape variety?
a) Corvina
b) Montepulciano
c) Nebbiolo
d) Sangiovese
d) Sangiovese
Which of these wines is not made with Sangiovese?
a) Chianti Classico
b) Brunello di Montalcino
c) Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
d) None of the above
c) Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
Which of the following is not a wine made from Sangiovese?
a) Chianti DOCG
b) Chianti Classico DOCG
c) Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG
d) Recioto di Chianti DOCG
d) Recioto di Chianti DOCG
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo is a simple, fruity white wine from Abruzzo.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Broadly speaking, two categories of sparkling wine are:
a) Barrel-fermented and Tank-fermented
b) Barrel-fermented and Bottle-fermented
c) Bottle-fermented and Tank-fermented
d) Bottle-fermented and Malolactic-fermented
c) Bottle-fermented and Tank-fermented
Generally speaking, how much will the alcohol of a base wine increase during second fermentation?
a) 1 – 2%
b) 4 - 6%
c) 10 - 12%
d) 15 – 20%
a) 1 – 2%
Stopping fermentation by filtering out the yeast results in a sparkling wine that is:
a) Sweet with low alcohol
b) Sweet with high alcohol
c) Dry with low alcohol
d) Dry with high alcohol
a) Sweet with low alcohol
Glera forms the base to which sparkling wine?
a) Asti
b) Cava
c) Méthode Cap Classique
d) Prosecco
d) Prosecco
Which factor adds bready complexity to a bottle-fermented sparkling wine?
a) Aging wines in oak barrels
b) Extended contact with dead yeast cells
c) Adding a mixture of sugar and yeasts
d) Adding a mixture of sugar and wine
b) Extended contact with dead yeast cells
Which style of sparkling wine is not a tank-method sparkling wine?
a) Asti
b) Cava
c) Prosecco
d) None of the above
b) Cava
What is the correct order for the production of a bottle-fermented sparkling wine?
a) Second-fermentation, yeast autolysis, disgorgement, dosage
b) Dosage, second-fermentation, yeast autolysis, disgorgement
c) Second-fermentation, disgorgement, dosage, yeast autolysis
d) Yeast autolysis, disgorgement, second-fermentation, dosage
a) Second-fermentation, yeast autolysis, disgorgement, dosage
Sweet, fruity, and light-bodied best describes which sparkling wine?
a) Asti
b) Brut Champagne
c) Cava
d) All of the above
a) Asti
What is added to a base wine to inaugurate a second-fermentation in a bottle-fermented sparkling wine?
1) Alcohol
2) Sugar
3) Wine
4) Yeast
a) 3 only
b) 2 & 4
c) 1, 2, & 4
d) All of the above
b) 2 & 4
Biscuity, bready flavours in a bottle-fermented sparkling wine are described as:
a) Frizzante
b) Autolytic
c) Dosage
d) Remuage
b) Autolytic
“Riddling” refers to which part of the traditional method of making sparkling wine?
a) Adding sugar and yeast to start a second-fermentation
b) Aging sparkling wines on their lees
c) Turning the bottles to collect yeast cells at the neck
d) Removing dead yeast cells and topping up with a sugar and wine mixture
c) Turning the bottles to collect yeast cells at the neck
The purpose for disgorging a bottle-fermented wine is to:
a) Add carbon-dioxide to the wine
b) Add extra levels of alcohol to the wine
c) Remove dead yeast cells
d) Remove surplus wine
c) Remove dead yeast cells
Which term refers to an automated system for riddling?
a) Dosage
b) Gyropalette
c) Liqueuer d’expédition
d) Méthode traditionelle
b) Gyropalette
Base wines for sparkling wine are usually a blend from different:
a) Grape varieties
b) Villages
c) Vineyards
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
The term ‘brut’ refers to a sparkling wine that is:
a) A blend of different vintages
b) Lightly-sparkling
c) Dry
d) Medium-sweet
c) Dry
Which of the following is not a traditional method sparkling wine?
a) Cava
b) Champagne
c) Méthode Cap Classique
d) Prosecco
d) Prosecco
Due to the very cool climate, most base wines in Champagne are:
a) Low alcohol and high acidity
b) Low acidity and high alcohol
c) Low alcohol and low acidity
d) High alcohol and high acidity
a) Low alcohol and high acidity
Which of the following is not a grape of Champagne?
a) Chardonnay
b) Pinot Gris
c) Pinot Meunier
d) Pinot Noir
b) Pinot Gris
What is the minimum legal period for aging Champagne on its lees?
a) 6 months
b) 12 months
c) 24 months
d) 36 months
b) 12 months
A Vintage Champagne is a blend of grapes harvested in different years.
a) True
b) False
b) False
A sparkling wine labelled as Demi-sec is dryer than one labelled as Brut.
a) True
b) False
b) False
Which pair of French grapes are occasionally used in the production of Cava?
a) Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
b) Chenin Blanc and Sémillon
c) Gewurztraminer and Viognier
d) Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
a) Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
Cava refers to:
a) A tank-fermented sparkling wine from Italy
b) A tank-fermented sparkling wine from Spain
c) A bottle-fermented sparkling wine from Italy
d) A bottle-fermented sparkling wine from Spain
d) A bottle-fermented sparkling wine from Spain
Which grape variety is often used with Champagne varieties in South Africa?
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Pinot Gris
c) Sauvignon Blanc
d) Semillon
a) Chenin Blanc
Which grape variety is popular in tank-fermented sparkling wines in such regions as California and Australia?
a) Chardonnay
b) Chenin Blanc
c) Muscat
d) Pinot Noir
c) Muscat
Identify the factors that Sherry and Port share in common.
1) They are both fortified
2) They are both from Spain
3) They are both always sweet
4) They are both always red
a) 1 only
b) 1 & 3
c) 1, 2, & 4
d) All of the above
a) 1 only
What is the name of the Spanish region that produces Sherry?
a) Catalunya
b) Douro Valley
c) Jerez de la Frontera
d) Rioja
c) Jerez de la Frontera
Which style of sherry is does not show oxidative characters of walnuts and caramel?
a) Amontillado
b) Cream
c) Fino
d) Oloroso
c) Fino
Which of the following best describes the sweetness level of Sherry?
a) Dry
b) Medium
c) Sweet
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
The local white grape responsible for Sherry production is:
a) Albariño
b) Flor
c) Palomino
d) Tempranillo
c) Palomino
What is the name of the aging technique responsible for producing Sherry?
a) Gran Reserva
b) Malolactic Conversion
c) Solera System
d) Traditional Method
c) Solera System
What role does flor play in Sherry?
a) It is a type of white, chalky soil unique to the region
b) It is a type of grape that is neutral in flavour
c) It is an aging process that allows for blending from many different vintages
d) It is a type of yeast that forms a protective layer on the wine
d) It is a type of yeast that forms a protective layer on the wine
Which of the following styles of Sherry is dry?
a) Pale Cream
b) Medium
c) PX
d) None of the above
d) None of the above
Which style of Sherry is refortified to 17% partway through the aging process?
a) Amontillado
b) Fino
c) Pale Cream
d) Pedro Ximénez
a) Amontillado
Which style of Sherry is both the name of a grape and a sweet, sun-dried wine?
a) Amontillado
b) Oloroso
c) Palomino
d) Pedro Ximénez
d) Pedro Ximénez
How does Port become a sweet wine?
a) Fermentation is halted with the addition of alcohol
b) Noble rot affects ripe grapes on the vines
c) Red grapes are dried on straw mats to concentrate sugars
d) Unfermented grape juice is added to the final wine
a) Fermentation is halted with the addition of alcohol
Which style of Port is the most basic red?
a) LBV
b) Tawny
c) Ruby
d) Vintage
c) Ruby
Which style of Port will have oxidative characters of walnut and caramel?
a) Reserve Ruby
b) Vintage
c) LBV
d) Tawny
d) Tawny
Which style of Port is from a single year?
a) 20-Year Tawny
b) LBV
c) Ruby
d) Reserve Ruby
b) LBV
Vintage Port is only produced in exceptional years.
a) True
b) False
a) True
A 20-Year Tawny indicates a wine that:
a) Has matured in a Solera for an average of 20 years
b) Has matured in barrels for an average of 20 years
c) Is made from grapes harvested at least 20 years ago
d) Has the potential to age for 20 years
b) Has matured in barrels for an average of 20 years
Port is a sweet fortified wine from:
a) Jerez de la Frontera in Spain
b) Northeastern Italy
c) The Southern Rhône in France
d) The Upper Douro in Portugal
d) The Upper Douro in Portugal
Which style of Port must be decanted?
a) Reserve Ruby
b) Vintage
c) LBV
d) 40-year Tawny
b) Vintage
Which of the following is not typical of Tawny Ports?
a) The wine is aged in small barrels
b) The wine has oxidative characters
c) The wine comes from a single declared vintage
d) The wine is tawny in colour
c) The wine comes from a single declared vintage
Port is sweetend with the addition of sweet wines made by sun-drying.
a) True
b) False
b) False
For long-term storage of wine, the temperature for all wines should be cool and constant, preferably between ___ - ____ degrees Celsius
10 - 15
Why do wines need to be kept away from strong light?
Because the light can heat up the wine and lead it to be stale.
An ice bucket should be filled three-quarters full with equal quantities of ___ and _____ so that the bottle is fully surrounded by ice water.
ice; water
What temperature should a light/medium bodied white be served?
Chilled 7-10 degrees
What temperature should a medium-full bodied, oaked white be served
Lightly chilled, 10-13 degrees
What temperature should sweet wines be served?
Well chilled 6-8 degrees
What temperatures should sparking wine be served?
Well chilled 6-8 degrees
What temperatures should a light bodied red be served?
Lightly chilled, 13 degrees
What is room temperature?
15-18 degrees
Discuss some of the notes that may come from a Chardonnay grown in a cool, moderate, and warm climate:
- Cool: green fruit (apple, pear), citrus (lemon, lime) and wet stones
- Moderate: lemon, stone fruits (peach) and sometimes tropical fruit (melon)
- Warm: stone fruit (peach), tropical fruit (pineapple, banana)
_________ is the classic wine region for chardonnay.
Burgundy
Wines made from the Burgundy area are simply labelled as ___________
Bourgogne (baw - gaag - nee)Ch
Chablis is a cool/moderate/warm climate?
Cool climate
Cote d’Or (Beaune) is the heart of Burgundy and has a cool/moderate/warm climate
Moderate
What is different about the climate of Chablis and Cote d’Or? (Beaune)
Chablis is cool climate, Cote d’Or is a moderate climate, leading to differences in the notes of Chardonnay
Meursault and Puligny-Montrachet are the most famous villages of Chablis or Cote d’Or? (Beaune)
Cote d’Or
What white wine is sold under the name Macon form the Maconnais region in France?
Chardonnay
For Chardonnay in Australia, the cooler climate areas of _________, _________, & ________ are where they are commonly grown
Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, and Margaret River
What area in New Zealand hosts nice Chardonnays?
Malborough
Pouilly-Fuisse is a village in the Chablis/Cote d’Or region?)
Cote d’Or
What two areas in USA are known for Chardonnay?
Oregon and California
In Australia, Chardonnay is sometimes mixed with which grape?
a) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Riesling
c) Pinot Grigio
d) Semillon Blanc
Semillon Blanc
Which appellation has the warmest climate?
a) Chablis
b) Meursault
c) Macon
d) Pays d’Oc
Pays d’Oc
Central Valley is from Chile/Australia/California
Chile
Sancerre typically has aromas of:
a) Stone fruit, vanilla, and toast
b) Tropical fruit, honey, and ginger
c) Grass, asparagus, and citrus fruits
d) Rose, fig, and stewed fruits
c) Grass, asparagus, and citrus fruits
Recioto di Soave is typically a:
a) high volume, inexpensive, fruity white wine
b) high-quality, expensive, sweet white wine
c) high volume, inexpensive rose wine
d) high volume, inexpensive, fruity red wine
b) high-quality, expensive, sweet white wine
Spring frosts can:
1 damage vine shoots
2 decrease yield
3 increase ripeness
a) 1 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 2 only
d) 1 and 2 only
Cava sparkling wines are produced:
a) using forced carbonation
b) using the Asti method
c) using the tank method
d) using the traditional method
d) using the traditional method
Which one of the following sets of flavour characteristics is associated with Merlot?
a) Plum, vanilla, toast
b) Strawberry, mushroom, meat
c) Mango, butter, vanilla
d) Apple, lime, peach
a) Plum, vanilla, toast
Walker bay is an important region
a) in California
b) for fortified wines
c) for pinot noir and chardonnay
d) in Australia
c) for pinot noir and chardonnay
A wine labelled as Tokaji Aszu is:
a) Sparkling
b) Fortified
c) Sweet
d) Rose
c) Sweet
What impact does lees contact have on a wine?
a) It lowers the sugar level
b) It increases the body
c) It raises the acidity
d) It raises the alcohol
b) It increases the body
Old vine Zinfandel has flavours of:
a) Blackberry, prune, and coffee
b) Stone fruit, white blossom, and butter
c) Pineapple, melon, and oak
d) Raspberry, cherry, and bitter almond
a) Blackberry, prune, and coffee
Flor is needed to make:
a) Amontillado Sherry
b) Moscato d’Astri
c) Tawny Port
d) Tokaji Aszu
a) Amontillado Sherry
Dormancy typically happens:
a) Autumn
b) Summer
c) Spring
d) winter
d) winter
Which one of the following best describes Barolo?
a) Crisp fruity white
b) Semi-sweet sparkling rose
c) Light-bodied fruity red
d) Full-bodied, high tannin red
d) Full-bodied, high tannin red
Which one of the following wines has the highest sugar level:
a) Auslese
b) Kabinett
c) Trockenbeerenauslese
d) Spatlese
c) Trockenbeerenauslese
Pinotage is:
1 often matured in oak barrels
2 typically red fruited with high acidity
3 commonly blended with other grape varietals
a) 1 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2, and 3
d) 1, 2, and 3
Pinot Noir is best suited to which of the following climates?
a) Cool only
b) Cool and moderate
c) cool, moderate, and warm
d) moderate and warm only
b) Cool and moderate
The most age-worthy and full-bodied styles of New Zealand Pinot Noir are found in:
a) Hawkes Bay
b) Martinborough
c) Marlborough
d) Central Otago
d) Central Otago
Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot is the dominant grape grown on the Left Bank of the Bordeaux region
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot is the dominant grape grown on the Right Bank of the Bordeaux region
Merlot
Which wine is of highest quality?
a) Bordeaux
b) Bordeaux Superieur
c) Medoc
d) Saint Emilion Grand Cru
d) Saint Emilion Grand Cru
Which is an appellation not located on the left bank?
a) Margaux
b) Pomerol
c) Pauillac
d) Graves
b) Pomerol
Which region in New Zealand is known for Merlot?
a) Marlborough
b) Central Otago
c) Hawk’s Bay
d) Martinborough
c) Hawk’s Bay
Vineyards in the Northern Hemisphere get more sun when facing south:
True or False
True
Which wine region is NOT in New Zealand:
1. Central Otago
2. Martinborough
3. Malborough
4. Walker Bay
- Walker Bay
Blending can achieve:
1. Style
2. Consistency
3. Complexity
4. All of the above
All of the above
What is TRUE about Zinfandel:
1. It is different from Primivito
2. It always makes sweet rose
3. It tends to ripen unevenly
4. It is showing its best result in a cool climate
- It tends to ripen unevenly
Medium orange/pink, medium sweet with aromas of strawberries best describes:
1. White Zinfandel
2. Nuits Saint George
3. Gewurztraminer
4. Central Otago
- White Zinfandel
Pumping over is only used in red or white wine making?
Red wine making only
What factors help a wine to age?
1. High acid 2.High tannins 3.High alcohol 4.Good quality aromas
- 1,2,3
- 2,4,3
- 1,2,3,4
- 1 only
- 1,2,3,4
Pommard is located in:
1. California
2. Cotes de Beaune
3. New Zealand
4. Walker Bay
Cotes de Beaune
Veraision occurs in which season?
Summer
What happens to a wine sealed with a cork if it is not stored on its side?
The cork dries out letting oxygen into the bottle, causing the wine to oxidise and lose its fruit character.
Sweet wines should be served at what temperature?
Well chilled 6-8°C (43-46°F)
Sparkling wines should be served at what temperature?
Well chilled 6-10°C (43-50°F)
Light to medium-bodied white and rosé wines should be served at what temperature?
Chilled 7-10°C (45-50°F)
A red wine glass should be ________ than a white wine glass?
Bigger
Name three ways to help keep a wine fresh after opening?
Keep a wine in a fridge
Use a vacuum system
Use an inert gas system
The chemical TCA causes what?
Cork taint
How does a wine with cork taint taste?
Cork taint mutes the flavour and gives a damp cardboard aroma
A closure that fails and lets air in will change a wine in what way?
Appear browner
Have aromas of honey, caramel or coffee
Lack freshness and fruitiness
As the year progresses, flowers are transformed into?
Grapes
What time of year do the vines drop their leaves?
Autumn
During winter, vines are?
Dormant
Which five things does a vine need to grow?
1 Warmth
2 Sunlight
3 Carbon dioxide
4 Water
5 Nutrients
What does the vine need to photosynthesize and produce sugars?
Sunlight
Carbon dioxide
Water
Which part of the vine is used to access to nutrients?
Roots
What is the correct order of grape formation and ripening?
Flowering
Fruit set
Véraison
Ripening
What time of year does flowering occur?
Early spring
Fruit set is the process of?
Pollination
Véraison is when the grapes change _________
Colour
During ripening what happens to the grape’s acidity?
It decreases
During the ripening of some white grape varieties, the flavours change from what to what? (4 flavours)
Herbaceous
Green fruit
Stone fruit
Tropical fruit
During the ripening of black grape varieties, the flavours change from? (3 flavours)
Herbaceous
Fresh fruit
Cooked fruit
Botrytis is a type of________
Fungus
Botrytis does what to the grape’s skin?
Makes tiny holes, that allow water to evaporate from
How does Noble Rot affect grapes?
Concentrates the sugar, acidity and flavour
What is meant by ‘climate’ in relation to a wine region?
It is the average temperature, sunlight and rainfall that a region can expect.
A cool climate has an average growing season temperature at or below?
16.5°C
62°F
A moderate climate’s temperature range in an average growing season is?
16.5 - 18.5°C
62 - 65°F
A warm climate’s temperature range in an average growing season is?
18.5 - 21°C
65 - 70°F
____________ is important because it determines which grape varieties can grow successfully in a wine region
Temperature
What is the most important climatic factor that influences a wine region?
Latitudes
Most vineyards are located between which latitudes?
30-50 degrees
What happens to a vineyard’s temperature as the altitude increases?
The temperature drops
What influence does the sea have on the climate of a vineyard?
The sea moderates the temperature
What two effects do rivers have on a vineyard?
They provide warmth, extending the growing season.
They reflect sunlight
Cool air moderating the temperature can come from which two geographical sources?
Mountains
Seas
What effect do clouds have on photosynthesis?
Clouds block light, slowing down photosynthesis
What effect does fog have on a vineyard?
It cools the vineyard down
Where do mists form?
Near to rivers
Mist is considered essential for the development of?
Botrytis / Noble Rot
Mountains can provide a barrier to which weather conditions?
Rain, clouds and cold winds
To get maximum ripeness, vineyards planted in the southern hemisphere should face?
North
To get maximum ripeness, vineyards planted in the northern hemisphere should face?
South
What is the difference between climate and weather?
Climate is the average levels of sunlight temperature and rain in a typical year
Weather is what happens on a day to day basis
Soils provide what to vines?
Water and nutrients
Stones on the surface of a vineyard can make the temperature in the vineyard?
Warmer
What effect do stones in the vineyard have on the ripeness of grapes?
The grapes will be more ripe
If a vintage is too cool, the grapes will be affected in what way?
They will be more acidic with lower sugar
If the season is unusually hot and sunny, the grapes may?
Develop dried fruit aromas
Get sunburn spots
When the weather is hot, vines need more?
Water
In hot drought conditions, the vine will be unable to?
Ripen grapes
Heavy rain, close to harvest could mean the resulting wine is?
Dilute
Grapes are trained on what?
Tresllises
Winter pruning occurs when the vine is?
Dormant
Where rain is insufficient, what could growers potentially install?
Irrigation
The number of grapes per unit of area is known as?
Yield
Too high a yield may result in?
Dilute flavours and lower sugar levels
If the yield is too low the crop will not be?
Commercially Viable
Whereabouts can machine harvesters not be used?
On steep sloping vineyards
A legally defined vineyard area in a country is known as?
A Geographical Indication (GI)
What is the difference between a European GI and GIs from the rest of the world?
European GIs have additional restrictions on grape varieties and methods of production
What are the two types of European GIs?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
A European GI with a small area which has tightly defined regulations is a?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
A European GI with a large area and with less strict regulations is a?
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
Appellation d’Origine Protégée (AOP) is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
France
Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC) is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
France
Indication Géographical Protégée (IGP) is a _____ from _________?
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
France
Denominazione di Origine Controllata DOC is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Italy
Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita DOCG is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Italy
Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT) is a _____ from _________?
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
Italy
Denominación de Origen DO is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Spain
Denominación de Origen Calificada DOCa is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Spain
Vino de la Tierra is a _____ from _________?
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
Spain
Qualitätswein is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Germany
Prädikatswein is a _____ from _________?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Germany
Landwein is a _____ from _________?
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
Germany
Vielles Vignes means?
Old Vine
Which wine is the oldest, an Australian 2019 or a French 2019?
Australian (the harvest is 6 months earlier)
What month does Véraison occurs in:
Summer
POMMARD is located in:
1. California
2. Chile
3. Cotes de Beaune
4. Central Otago
Cotes de Beaune
What factors help a wine to age?
1. High acid 2.High tannins 3.High alcohol 4.Good quality aromas
1,2,3,4
What is true about white zinfandel
It is different than Primitivo
It always makes sweet roses
It tends to ripen unevenly
It is showing its best result in cool climates
It tends to ripen unevenly
Blending can achieve:
Style
Consistency
Complexity
All of the above
All of the above
Vineyards facing south always get more sun
True
False
False
Splitting the grape skins to release some of the grape juice is called?
Crushing
Which three things does yeast create when it feeds on sugar?
Carbon dioxide, heat, alcohol
During fermentation the skins can rise to the top, this is called the?
Cap
Put these in the correct order for red wine production:
Draining
Storage or maturation
Crushing
Pressing
Packaging
Alcoholic fermentation
- Crushing
- Alcoholic fermentation
- Draining
- Pressing
- Storage or maturation
- Packaging
What are the two methods of making a rosé wine?
Blending
Short maceration
Put these in the correct order for white wine production.
Storage or maturation
Crushing
Pressing
Packaging
Alcoholic fermentation
1 Crushing
2 Pressing
3 Alcoholic fermentation
4 Storage or maturation
5 Packaging
Only white and rosé can be made sweet. True or False?
False, port is a red wine that is sweet
Which three methods can be used to concentrate the sugars to make a sweet wine?
Late harvest, botrytis, ice wine
To make a sweet fortified wine, when is alcohol added?
During fermentation
What is the minimum level of alcohol used during fortification to kill yeast?
15% abv
What are the three things that can be added to a dry wine to make it sweet?
Unfermented grape juice
Concentrated grape juice
A sweet wine
What adjustments can be made in cool climates or cool regions to add body to the wine?
Sugar added before fermentation
What adjustments can be made in warm climates to aid the balance of the wine?
Acidification
What temperature range are red wines typically fermented at?
20-32 degrees
What temperature range are white wines typically fermented at?
12-22
The cooler a white wine is fermented the more __________ the wine?
Fruity
The warmer a red wine is fermented the more _______ and _______ are extracted?
Colour and tannins
A rosé made with a short maceration is often fermented at the same temperature as red or white wine?
white wine.
Oak barrels can impart flavours in two ways, what are they?
Flavours from the wood
Oxidative flavours during maturation
When making a barrel, wooden staves are heated and bent, the heating process is known as?
Toasting
What two effects does malolactic conversion have on the wine?
It lowers the acidity
Can sometimes impart a buttery flavour
Do all wines undergo malolactic conversion?
No
What affect does lees contact have on the body of a wine?
It can increase the body
What flavours can lees ageing create in a wine?
Sometimes a biscuit or bread flavour may develop
What climate does Zinfandel prefer?
Warm
What colour wine is White Zinfandel?
Rose
White Zinfandel’s Sweetness and Alcohol are typically?
Low Alcohol (8-10% abv)
Medium sweet
The flavours of a White Zinfandel are typically? Red, black, stone
red fruits (strawberries)
Which Italian region is known for producing Zinfandel?
Puglia
Which Italian region is known for producing Primitivo?
Puglia
What is FALSE about Chardonnay grape
It is an aromatic grape variety
It can benefit from malolactic conversion
It can benefit from lees stirring
It can grow in cool, moderate and warm climates
It is an aromatic grape variety
High acid, light body and aromas of green apple and citrus would correctly describe:
Gewurztraminer
Fume Blanc
Pomerol
Chablis
Chablis
What region can produce high volume, inexpensive wines made with chardonnay
Puligny Montrachet
Central Valley
Alsace
Mosel
Central Valley
What propositions are TRUE regarding Cote d’Or?
1. It is in Burgundy 2. It is a warm climate 3. It contains Meursault 4. It produces the best Rieslings in France
1, 2 and 4
1, 3 and 4
1,2,3,4
1 and 3
1 and 3
Lemon colour, high acidity, aromas of white nectarine, subtle oak with a long finish best describes?
Puligny Montrachet
Pommard
Pouilly Fumé
Gewurztraminer
Puligny Montrachet
What is TRUE about Sauvignon blanc grape?
It produces wines with low acidity
It is an aromatic grape variety
It is the main grape variety planted in Barossa Valley
It grows in warm climates only
It is an aromatic grape variety
Which following regions use Sauvignon blanc?
1. Touraine 2. Pouilly Fumé 3. Sancerre 4. Pouilly Fuisse
1,2,4
1,3,4
1,2,3
1 and 4
1,2,3
Fumé Blanc is best described as…
An American style of Sauvignon blanc matured in oak barrels
A light sauvignon blanc made in the Loire valley
A method to smoke the barrels
A method of pressing white grapes
An American style of Sauvignon blanc matured in oak barrels
What region does NOT produce any Sauvignon blanc?
Casablanca Valley
Los Carneros
Sancerre
Alsace
Alsace
Which region is famous for its Chardonnay
Margaret River
Barossa Valley
Central Otago
Rheinhessen
Margaret River
Which wine region is in Victoria?
Yarra Valley
Hunter Valley
Margaret River
Hawke’s Bay
Yarra Valley
Compared to a Pinot Gris, a Pinot Grigio would be:
Lighter in body
Riper
More aromatic
Less acidic
Lighter in body
“Vendanges tardives” means….
Wine made with botrytis affected grapes
Late harvest
A wine made with Riesling
The wine will be sweet
Late harvest
Wines made with Viognier grapes typically are….
Low acid, low alcohol, with aromas of cherries
High acid, low alcohol, aromas of leather
Sweet
Low/medium acidity, high alcohol aromatic with aromas of peach and apricot
Low/medium acidity, high alcohol aromatic with aromas of peach and apricot
Albarino is made mostly in:
Priorat
Rias Baixas
Rioja
Marlborough
Rias Baixas
The flavours of a cool climate Chardonnay are typically?
Green fruits (Apple, Pear)
Citrus fruits (Lemon, Lime)
Wet stones
The flavours of a moderate climate Chardonnay are typically?
Lemon
Stone fruits (Peach)
Tropical fruits (Melon)
Which four wine making treatments are common with Chardonnay?
Malolactic conversion
Lees contact
Oak fermentation
Oak maturation
Put the following French regions in the correct order of coolest to warmest?
1 Côte d’Or (Meursault AOC, Puligny-Montrachet AOC)
2 South of France
3 Chablis AOC
4 Mâconnais (Mâcon AOC, Pouilly-Fuissé AOC)
Chablis AOC
Côte d’Or (Meursault AOC, Puligny-Montrachet AOC)
Mâconnais (Mâcon AOC, Pouilly-Fuissé AOC)
South of France
The climate for Chablis AOC is best described as?
Cool
What type of appellation is Bourgogne AOC?
A regional appelation
What type of appellation is Chablis AOC?
A village appelation
In which sub-region are the villages of Meursault AOC and Puligny-Montrachet AOC?
Côte d’Or
In which sub-region are the appellations of Mâcon AOC and Pouilly-Fuissé AOC?
Maconnais
Are Pouilly-Fuissé AOC wines typically oaked?
Yes
Are Chablis AOC wines typically oaked?
No
What is a key climatic risk in Chablis AOC?
Frost
What aspect do Chablis Premier Cru and Grand Cru AOC vineyards typically have?
South and South West facing slopes
Chablis AOC is typically fermented in what type of vessel?
inert
The flavours of Chablis AOC are typically?
The flavours of Chablis AOC are typically?
The typical flavours of an aged Chardonnay from Côte d’Or are?
Fruits (peach, melon)
Oak (vanilla, smoke, coconut)
Lees (bread, biscuit)
Tertiary (hazelnut, mushroom)
Chardonnay from Languedoc-Roussillon in the South of France typically has flavours of?
Peach
Pineapple
Banana
What is TRUE about Napa Valley?
1. The southern part of it is cooled by cold oceanic air 2.It produces red wines only 3.It is famous for its Semillon 4. Oakville is part of it
1,3,4
2,4
1,4
1 only
1,4
When added to Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon adds..
Tannins and colour
Body and softness
Red fruit aromas
Citrus aromas
Tannins and colour
Typical aromas of just-ripe cabernet sauvignon is
Black cherries
Oak
Blackberry
Green capsicum
Green capsicum
Cabernet Sauvignon is the main grape used in:
Pauillac
Pommard
Pomerol
Mendoza
Pauillac
A premium region for Cabernet Sauvignon in North America would be
Los Carneros
Rutherford
Walker Bay
Coonawarra
Rutherford
New Zealand’s premium region for cabernet Sauvignon is
Margaret River
Central Otago
Marlborough
Hawkes Bay
Hawkes Bay
What is TRUE about Syrah/Shiraz grape?
1. It expresses black pepper notes in moderate climate 2. It expresses liquorice notes in warm climate 3. It is used in Hermitage region 4. It is used in Condrieu region
2,3,4
1,2,4
1,2,3
2,3
1,2,3
A premium region for Shiraz wines in Australia is
Barossa Valley
Yarra Valley
Hermitage
Crozes Hermitage
Barossa Valley
Tasting note of a Pomerol would be
Pale gold, high acid, pineapple aromas
Pale lemon, medium acid, apple/pear and stone fruit aromas
Pale garnet, aromas of blueberries and passion fruit
Deep ruby, medium acid and red plums/cherries aromas
Deep ruby, medium acid and red plums/cherries aromas
What South African region is known for its quality Cabernet/Merlot wines?
Stellenbosch
Constantia
Margaret River
Sonoma
Stellenbosch
What is FALSE about Gamay grape
It grows in Moderate climate
It produces red fruit flavours
It is typically making early drinking wines
It is widely planted in Burgundy
It is widely planted in Burgundy
Which appellation is NOT producing wines made with Gamay
Beaujolais
Beaujolais Villages
Fleurie
Pouilly Fumé
Pouilly Fumé
What is TRUE about Grenache grape?
1. It expresses red fruit aromas 2. It expresses black fruit aromas 3. It is called Garnacha in Spain 4. It is used in Chateauneuf du Pape
1,3,4
2,3,4
1,3
2,3
1,3,4
Medium garnet, aromas of oak , leather, mushroom and earth would best describe
Rioja Joven
Trockenbeerenauslese
Rioja Gran reserva
Aged semillon
Rioja Gran reserva
Cape blend refers to
The cold air current cooling down South African coast
A South African wine made with a majority of Pinotage
A South African oaked semillon
A method of blending red and white wines
A South African wine made with a majority of Pinotage
What is true about Grenache grape
It likes moderate climate
It produces grapes with lots of tannins and colour
It is called Garnacha in Italy
I has a thin skin
I has a thin skin
Ribera Del Duero is made with a majority of
Tempranillo
Albarino
Gamay
Cabernet Sauvignon
Tempranillo
What is the style of a wine from Priorat?
Low colour, low tannins with peach aromas
High acid, high tannins with low alcohol and aromas of plums
Deep colour, concentrated with high alcohol and aromas of plums
A rose with medium alcohol and plum aromas
Deep colour, concentrated with high alcohol and aromas of plums
What appellation is classified as a Spanish PGI?
Vino de la Tierra
Denominacion de Origen (DO)
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa)
Landwein
Vino de la Tierra
What is TRUE about a wine labelled Reserva?
It is not aged in barrels
It is not aged in bottles
It is of a high quality
It has some oak flavours
It has some oak flavours
In which country is Carmenère widely grown?
Chile
What flavours does Carmenère typically produce (under ripe and over ripe)?
A.
Under ripe flavours: Herbaceous, Green pepper and Tomato leaf
Ripe flavours: Blackberry
What is the colour, acidity, tannins and body of a typical Carmenère?
A.
Deeply coloured
Medium -> High acidity
High tannins
Full bodied
In which region of Argentina is Malbec widely grown?
Mendoza
Violet is the only floral aroma note for ______ wine
red
What is the colour, tannins and body of a typical Malbec?
A.
Deeply coloured
High tannins
Full bodied
What are the flavours of a young Malbec?
A.
Blackberry
Black plum
Where is Pinotage widely grown?
A.
Western Cape, South Africa
Which three grape varieties often make up a Cape Blend?
A.
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Pinotage
Where is Carmenere most important grape?
Chile, Central Valley
California, Central Valley
Argentina, Mendoza
South African, Western Cape
Chile, Central Valley
Where did Carmenere come from to Chile?
- Bordeaux
- Alsace,
- Rhone
- Loire
Bordeaux
Mendoza is famous for:
1 Malbec
2 High altitude
3 Warm climate
4 All the above
4 all the above
Which appellation is not located on the left bank?
Medoc
Graves
Pomerol
Puillac
Pomerol
Which climates does Merlot grow well in?
Moderate and Warm
Q.
From least to most ripe, what are the flavours of Merlot?
A.
Herbaceous (Green bell pepper / Capsicum)
Red fruit (Strawberry, Red plum)
Cooked black fruit (Blackberry, Black plum)
When growing Merlot, how might a riper style be achieved in a moderate climate?
A.
By harvesting the grapes later
Just ripe Merlot grapes produce a wine with what body?
A.
Light to medium body
Ripe Merlot grapes produce a wine with what body?
A.
Medium to Full body
Q.
Blending Merlot with Cabernet Sauvignon will _________ the tannins of the Cabernet Sauvignon
A.
Lower
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
A.
Moderate
Which grape variety dominates Bordeaux AOC?
A.
Merlot
Q.
Which grape variety dominates Bordeaux Supérieur AOC?
A.
Merlot
What is the dominant grape variety in Bordeaux’s Left Bank?
A.
Cabernet Sauvignon
What is the dominant grape variety in Bordeaux’s Right Bank?
Merlot
Which bank is Médoc AOC on?
A.
Left
Q.
Which bank is Margaux AOC on?
A.
Left
Q.
Which bank is Pauillac AOC on?
A.
Left
Q.
Which bank is Graves AOC on?
A.
Left
Q.
Which bank is Pessac-Léognan AOC on?
A.
Left
Q.
Which bank is Pomerol AOC on?
A.
Right
Q.
Which bank is Saint Émilion AOC on?
A.
Right
Q.
Which region is Médoc AOC in?
A.
Bordeaux
Q.
What is the dominant grape variety in Haut-Médoc AOC?
A.
Cabernet Sauvignon
Q.
Margaux AOC is a sub-region of?
A.
Haut-Médoc AOC
Q.
Pessac-Léognan AOC is a sub-region of?
A.
Graves AOC
Q.
What is the more prestigious PDO in Saint Émilion known as?
A.
Saint Émilion Grand Cru AOC
Q.
In the warm South of France, which 3 grape varieties are blended with Merlot?
A.
Cabernet Sauvignon
Grenache
Syrah
Q.
Which two regions in California produce concentrated full bodied Merlot’s?
A.
Napa Valley
Sonoma
- What grape is used to make Gavi?
Garganega
Cortese
Verdicchio
Montepulciano
Cortese
What grape is used to make Soave?
Garganega
Cortese
Verdicchio
Montepulciano
Garganega
What is FALSE about Nebbiolo?
It is used is Barolo
It is used in Barbaresco
It makes low tannins wines
It makes perfumed wines with dried herbs aromas
It makes low tannins wines
Medium acid, aromas of peach and medium body best describes?
Fiano di Avellino
Gavi
Barolo
Montepulciano d’Abbruzzo
Fiano di Avellino
Dark colour, concentrated aromas of dark fruits, high alcohol and long finish would best describe
Amarone della Valpolicella
Valpolicella
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi
Asti
Amarone della Valpolicella
What is the grape used to make Montepulciano d’Abruzzo?
Montepulciano
Corvina
Sangiovese
Fiano
Montepulciano
High acid, aromas of lemon and green apple would best describe
Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
Gavi DOCG
Gavi DOCG
Soave Classico DOC is
A PGI
A PDO
A wine made with Black grape variety
None of the above
A PDO
High acid, high tannins, red fruit and rose aromas best describes
- Barbaresco
- Barolo
- A wine made with Nebbiolo grape
- All of the above
- All of the above
What is FALSE about Chianti Classico riserva
Is has been aged in oak barrels
It is coming from the historical heart of the region
It is made in Veneto
It will be high acid and high tannins
It is made in Veneto
The grape used in Gavi DOCG is?
A.
Cortese
Which region is famous for Cortese?
A.
Gavi DOCG
Where is the Gavi DOCG located?
A.
Piemonte,
What is the typical sweetness level, body & acidity for a Gavi DOCG (Cortese)?
A.
Dry
Light body
High acidty
What are the typical flavours for a Gavi DOCG (Cortese)?
A.
Blossom
Green fruits (Apple, Pear)
Citrus (Lemon)
What is Gavi DOCG fermented in?
A.
Inert tanks (Concrete, Stainless steel)
Is Gavi DOCG oak matured?
A.
No
The grape used in Soave DOC is?
A.
Garganega
Which three PDOs are known for making wines from Garganega?
A.
Soave DOC
Soave Classico DOC
Recioto di Soave DOCG
A.
Soave DOC
Soave Classico DOC
Recioto di Soave DOCG
are all for what grape?
Garganega
Where is the Soave DOC located?
A.
Veneto,
What is the typical sweetness level, body & acidity for a Soave DOC (Garganega)?
A.
Dry
Medium body
High acidty
What is the typical flavours for a Soave DOC (Garganega)?
A.
Green fruits (apple, pear)
Citrus (lemon)
Stone fruit (peach
The best Soave Classico DOC wines mature in bottle, developing which tertiary aromas?
A.
Honey
Almonds
What is the sweetness level for a Recioto di Soave DOCG?
A.
Sweet
Recioto di Soave DOCG wines are produced using which specialised method?
A.
Appassimento
Appassimento is a method of?
A.
Drying grapes
Which PDO is the most famous for making wines from Verdicchio?
A.
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
What is the typical sweetness level, body & acidity for a Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC (Verdicchio)?
A.
Dry
Medium body
High acidty
What are the typical flavours for a Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC (Verdicchio)?
A.
Green fruits (Apple, Pear)
Citrus (Lemon)
Herbal (Fennel)
What is the typical body & acidity for a Fiano di Avellino DOCG (Fiano)?
A.
Medium to Full body
Medium acidty
What are the typical flavours for a Fiano di Avellino DOCG (Fiano)?
A.
Stone fruit (Peach)
Tropical fruit (Melon, Mango)
What are two winemaking treatments sometimes used for Fiano wines?
(similar to chardonnay)
A.
Oak (Smoke)
Lees contact (Bread, Biscuit)
The grape used in Barolo DOCG & Barbaresco DOCG is?
A.
Nebbiolo
Which PDO is the most famous for making wines from Nebbiolo?
A.
Barolo DOCG
Where are the Barolo DOCG & Barbaresco DOCG located?
A.
Piemonte, North West Italy
What is the typical body, acidity & tannins for a Barolo DOCG (Nebbiolo)?
A.
Full body
High acidty
High tannins
What are the typical flavours for a Barolo DOCG or a Barbaresco DOCG (Nebbiolo)?
A.
Red fruit (Red cherry, Red plum)
Dried herb
Floral (Rose, Violet)
Tertiary (Mushroom, Tobacco)
Which PDO is the most famous for making wines from Barbera?
A.
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Where is the Barbera d’Asti DOCG located?
A.
Piemonte, North West Italy
What is the typical acidity & tannins for a Barbera d’Asti DOCG?
A.
High acidty
Low to medium tannins
What are the typical flavours for a Barbera d’Asti DOCG or a Barbaresco DOCG (Barbera)?
A.
Red fruit (Red cherry, Red plum)
Black pepper
The grape used in Valpolicella DOC is?
A.
Corvina
Which four PDOs make wine from Corvina?
A.
Valpolicella DOC
Valpolicella Classico DOC
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCGWhere is the Valpolicella DOC located?
Where is the Valpolicella DOC located?
A.
Veneto, North East Italy
What is the typical acidity & tannins for a Corvina (Valpolicella DOC)?
A.
High acidty
Low to medium tannins
What are the typical flavours for a Corvina (Valpolicella DOC)?
A.
Red fruit (Red cherry, Red plum)
Compared to Valpolicella DOC, Valpolicella Classico DOC wines will have what?
A.
More body
Complexity
Which one of the following Spanish wines does not have to be aged in oak?
Grand reserva
Joven
Crianza
Reserva
Joven
The classic region for syrah is:
Northern Rhone
Southern Rhone
Northern Rhone
Which region of New Zealand is not famous for its pinot noir?
Central Otago
Hawke’s Bay
Marlborough
Martingborough
Hawke’s Bay
The grape variety used to make a Vouvray is
Chenin Blanc
Furmint
Semillon
All of the above
Chenin Blanc
Recioto di Soave is typically a:
High quality, inexpensive, fruity white wine
High quality, expensive, sweet wine
High volume, inexpensive rose wine
High volume, inexpensive, fruity red wine
High quality, expensive, sweet wine
Which italian wine is made using the “ripasso” technique, where the wine is passed over the skins of old grapes?
Barolo
Chianti
Amarone
Vapolicella
Amarone
“Vitis Vinifera” refers to:
A specific grape variety
A family of grape varieties
A family of grape varieties
What is the primary grape variety used in the production of the Rias Baixas?
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Monastrell
Albarino
Albarino
Which German wine classification indicates a wine made from ripest grapes?
Trocken
Kabinett
Spatlese
Eiswein
Eiswein
The wine region of Bordeaux is divided into two main banks of which river?
Seine
Loire
Rhone
Garonne
Garonne
The term Brettanomyces refers to
A grape variety
A type of soil
A wine fault caused by yeast
A winemaking technique
The term “claret” is commonly associated with wines from which region?
Bordeaux
Burgundy
Rhone
Loire
Bordeaux
The “Methode Cap Classique” is a traditional sparkling wine method used in which country?
South Africa
New Zealand
Argentinia
Chile
South Africa
Umami food tends to make the wine
More acidic
Less bitter
More fruity
Lighter in colour
More acidic
Acidic food tends to make the wines
More acidic
More bitter
More fruity
Thiner
More fruity
Salty foods tend to make the wines
More acidic
More bitter
More fruity
More alcoholic
More fruity
Sweet food tend to make the wines
More acidic
More bitter
Less fruity
All of the above
All of the above
Wine are considered high in alcohol
Under 12% abv
Between 12 and 14%
14% and over
Depends on the wine
14% and over
Tertiary aromas develop
At winemaking
Before winemaking
During ageing in bottle
For all wines
During ageing in bottle
High acid, sour cherry, light secondary aromas and mushrooms notes would best describe
Port
Pommard
Pauillac
Pouilly Fumé
Pommard
Which appellation is NOT on the left bank of Bordeaux
Margaux
Haut Medoc
Medoc
Pomerol
Pomerol
Rose colour, low alcohol, medium sweet would best describe
White Zinfandel
Riesling Auslese
Sauternes
Tempranillo Rosé
White Zinfandel
Which appellation is not in California?
Walker Bay
Napa
Sonoma
Los Carneros
Walker Bay
The warm current flowing from the Caribbean to Western Europe is called:
Frost pocket
Cape Blend
Gulf Stream
Soda stream
Gulf Stream
Which region is NOT in Burgundy
Chambertin
Gevrey Chambertin
Cote de Beaune
Vouvray
Vouvray
SUGAR + ______ = ALCOHOL + CO2
Yeasts
Heat
Flavours
UV light
Yeasts
What does a wine need to age properly
To be handpicked
To be in a dry cellar
To have quality flavours to start with
All of the above
To have quality flavours to start with
Blending can achieve
Style
Consistency
Complexity
All of the above
All of the above
The correct sequence is
Kabinett/BA/TBA/Auslese
Auslese/BA/TBA/Kabinett
Kabinett/Auslese/BA/TBA
Kabinett/Auslese/TBA/BA
Kabinett/Auslese/BA/TBA
What would impart more new oak flavors?
A small new barrel
A large new barrel
A Large old barrel
A small old barrel
A small new barrel
The right sequence for RED winemaking is
Crush/Press/Fermentation/Packaging
Crush/Fermentation/Drain/Packaging
Fermentation/Crush/Press/Packaging
Crush/Fermentation/Press/Packaging
Crush/Fermentation/Press/Packaging
Malolactic conversion adds
Fruity flavors
Buttery flavors
Tertiary flavors
Alcohol
Buttery flavors
High acid, citrus aromas, light bodied would best describe
German Riesling
Pouilly Fuissé
Barossa Shiraz
Cabernet Sauvignon
German Riesling
What Loire Valley Region produces Chenin Blanc wines?
Champagne
Campania
Chianti
Vouvray
Vouvray
A Sauternes would be:
High acid, sweet with aromas of stone fruits and marmelade
Low acid, dry with aromas of lychee and rose
High acid, dry with aromas of red cherries
Low acid, off dry with aromas of capsicum and blackcurrant
High acid, sweet with aromas of stone fruits and marmelade
Hunter Valley is famous for
Tempranillo
Semillon
Chenin blanc
Grenache
Semillon
What is FALSE about the consumption of alcohol
It can lead to severe disease
It can impair ability to drive
Is age restricted in many countries
Cannot have any side effects
Cannot have any side effects
What is TRUE regarding GOOD conditions of tasting
Low light is better
A dark place is recommended
Bright white light are recommended
Strong smells help assessing the wine
Bright white light are recomended
What grapes goes into TOKAJI ASZU?
Semillon
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Furmint
Furmint
Chardonnay CAN benefit from lees stirring
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
What can you expect in a CHABLIS GRAND CRU compared to a CHABLIS?
Less complexity
Less lenght
Better quality flavours
Less oak
Better quality flavours
MEURSAULT would be
High acid, citrus aromas, moderately oaked, long finish
Low acid, aromas of wax and herbs, no oak, short finish
High acid, aromas of black cherries, long finish
Low acid, aromas of leather and mushrooms
High acid, citrus aromas, moderately oaked, long finish
A Sauvignon blanc with OAK influence made in the USA would be called
Pouilly Fumé
Pouilly Fuissé
Cape Blend
Fumé blanc
Fumé blanc
CENTRAL VALLEY is located in
California
Chile
Germany
Italy
Chile
Which region is NOT located in Australia
Yarra Valley
Mornington Peninsula
Margaret River
Rioja
Rioja
Which labelling terms shows the most ageing?
Grand reserva
Reserva
Joven
Crianza
Grand reserva
What grape is grown in Priorat?
Sauvignon Blanc
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Cortese
Garnacha
What does the term “Classico” refer to in Italy?
The age of the winery: over 50 years
The shape of an ancient bottle
The historical heart of a region
A football game between Milan AC and Inter Milan
The historical heart of a region
The region of Marlborough is famous for its
Sauvignon Blanc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Furmint
Gewurztraminer
Sauvignon Blanc
Compared to a Pinot GRIGIO, a Pinot GRIS would generally be
More bodied
more expensive
Drier
less expensive
More bodied
Veneto is located in
Germany
Spain
Italy
New Zealand
Italy
Which wine is made with apassimento method (dried grapes)
Prosecco
Pinotage
Asti
Amarone della Valpolicella
Amarone della Valpolicella
RIAS BAIXAS is located in
Spain
France
Australia
South Africa
Spain
You would add CABERNET SAUVIGNON to a blend to add
Sweetness
Acid and tannins
Alcohol
Honey aromas
Acid and tannins
What should you do to open a bottle of sparkling wine safely?
Chill the wine beforehand
Direct the bottle away from people
Keep your thumb on the cork at all times
All of the above
All of the above
Fino sherry has a maximum abv of
21%
14%
15%
Doesn’t really matter
15%
Fortifying a wine DURING fermentation will lead to
A dry wine
A sweet wine
A red wine
A white wine
A sweet wine
Asti would have tasting notes of
Sweet, earthy, with high tannins
Dry, aromas of honey and roses
Sweet, fruity, sparkling, low alcohol
Dry, full bodied with aromas of leather
Sweet, fruity, sparkling, low alcohol
Second fermentation in bottle develops
Autolytic flavours (bread, brioche)
Teriary flavours (marzipan, nuts)
Sweetness
Primary flavours (apples and pears)
Autolytic flavours (bread, brioche)
Pebbles in Chateauneuf-du-Pape help
Water retention
Cool the vineyard down
with fermentation
Radiating the heat back to the grapes at night
Radiating the heat back to the grapes at night
High acid, high tannins, aromas of dried herbs and black truffle with a long finish would best describe:
Fiano
Barolo
Pinotage
Bordeaux AOC
Barolo
A Cote-Rotie would have tasting notes of
High acid, sweet, aromas of peach
Low acid, off dry, aromas of roses and lychee
Full bodied, Black current, black plums, meaty notes and a long finish
Red cherries, light body, short finish
Full bodied, Black current, black plums, meaty notes and a long finish
Garganega grape is found in wines labelled as
Fiano
Verdicchio
Chianti
Soave classico
Soave classico
What is a solera system?
A system of blending old and new wines for maturation
The layer of microbes developping at the surface of a biologically aged sherry
A system used for second fermentation in Italy
None of the above
A system of blending old and new wines for maturation
Pale colour, aromas of dried fish, olive brine and nail polish would best describe
An olorosso Sherry
A full cream Sherry
A fino Sherry
A Cava
A fino Sherry
What is dosage?
Ageing a sparkling wine on its lees
Quickly recorking a bottle after disgorgement
A traditional method of riddling
Adding sugar and a bit of wine after disgorgement
Adding sugar and a bit of wine after disgorgement
What is disgorgement?
A fortified wine making method
Expelling yeasty deposit out of a bottle
Gradually turning and tipping a sparkling bottle to it ends up on its head
A fortification system
Expelling yeasty deposit out of a bottle
What is FALSE about Prosecco
It is made with the tank method
It is made with the traditional method
it can be dry or off-dry
It has no traces of secondary aromas
It is made with the traditional method
A white wine, with Medium to Full Body and Medium Acidity, with a flavour of peach from Italy would likely me a ____
fiano
Verdicchio or Fiano is known for a fennel/coriander seeks aroma
Verdicchio
The grape for Fiano di Avellino DOCG is ______
Fiano
Is the AOC Gavi, it has to be made with the grape c__________
cortese
Is the AOC Soave, it has to be made with the grape g____________
Garganega
Out of cortese, garganega, verdicchio, and fiano, which is the only one that you may consider oaking?
Fiano
Out of cortese, garganega, verdicchio, and fiano, which is the only one that may have blossom?
Cortese
Out of cortese, garganega, verdicchio, and fiano, which is the only one that is not appropriate for aging?
Cortese
Which or the following are dry and which are sweet?
1 Soave DOC
2 Soave Classico DOC
3 Recioto di Soave DOCG
1 and 2: dry
3: Sweet
Campania is the geographical location most associated with Cortese / Fiano
Fiano
Which is the most famous region in France known for its chardonnay wines?
Nuits-Saint-George
Burgundy
Pfalz
Margaret River
Burgundy
Which of the following grape varieties may be co-fermented with Syrah in Cote-Rotie?
Grenacha
Viognier
Biognier
Which grape variety is used to make Nuits-Saint-Georges AC?
Pinot Noir
Which of the following wines MUST be made using the Traditional Method?
Champagne
Cava
Prosecco
Asti
Champagne and Cava
Which of the following grape varieties is NOT grown in Alsace?
Pinot Gris
Semillon
Fiano
Gewurtzreimer
Semillon
Amontillado is …
an aged fino sherry
Which of the following are appellations in the Rhone Valley? (Multiple)
1 Hermitage
2 Touraine
3 Chateauneuf-du-Pape
4 Pommard
1 and 3
Which of the following regions produces premium Cabernet Sauvignon in New Zealand?
Martinborough
Central Otago
Hawke’s Bay
Hawke’s Bay
What is the volume in ml for a wine sample in an ISO glass?
50ml
Hermitage in Northern Rhone Valley is made from Syrah, Merlot, Cab Sav, or Pinot Noir?
Syrah
Does the tank or asti method lead to sweet sparkling wine?
Asti
Prosecco uses Glera or Muscat?
Glera
Asti method has two fermentations? T or F
False, it has one
What grape is used in Asti?
Glera
Moscato
Pinot Noir
Pinot Grigio
Moscato
What grape is used for Prosecco?
Glera
Moscato
Pinot Noir
Pinot Grigio
Glera
Prosecco is always dry? T or F
False, it can be dry or off dry
Prosecco can be a rose? T or F?
True
What is the best description for Asti?
a) Medium alcohol, dry, and floral
b) Low alcohol, sweet and floral
c) Low alcohol, dry, and floral
d) Medium alcohol, sweet and floral
b) Low alcohol, sweet and floral
For sparkling ones, what does vintage and non-vintage mean?
Vintage means grapes picked from the same year, non-vintage means grapes blended from different years.
Does Cava use the tank method, asti method or traditional method?
Traditional Method like France but just called Cava as it is from Spain
What is added to the wine for 2nd fermentation in a bottle?
a) sugar and CO2
b) sugar and yeast
c) yeast and alcohol
d) yeast and CO2
b) sugar and yeast
What is the name of the process that gives Traditional Method Wines their baked bread aroma?
a Crown Cap
b Dosage
c Autolysis
d Riddling
Autolysis
Constantinia and Elgin are specific appellations in South Africa associated with which grape varietal?
Sauvignon Blanc
Margaret river and the Adelaide hills are associated with which grape varietal?
Sauvignon Blanc
Casablanca Valley and Central Valley are associated with white grape varietal in Chile?
Sauvignon Blanc
In Loire, Sancerre, Pouilly-Fume, and Touraine are associated with which grape varietal?
Sauvignon Blanc
Which grape is blended with Sauvignon Blanc in Bordeaux?
Semillion
Which appellation makes the most complex Sauvignon Blanc?
a Pessac Leognan
b Bordeaux
c Marlborough
d Casablanca Valley
Pessac Leognan
Labeling term Fume Blanc indicates:
a Aging in oak
b Region in Loire Valley
c Highest Quality
d All the above
Aging in oak
For sherry, does fortification happen during or after fermentation?
After fermentation
For port, does fortification happen during or after fermentation?
during fermentation
Is sherry or port always sweet?
Port
