Textbook bank Flashcards
Red wine that is _____ in colour is an indication of youth
purple
Ruby coloured wine is (purply-____)
red
Garnet coloured wine is (_______-red)
orangey-red
In white wine, the colour _______ indicates youth, while ______ and ______ indicate age
green; orange and brown
What is the primary aim of articulating a tasting note?
To describe the wine to someone who has not yet tasted it.
Are white or red wines typically higher in acidity?
White
_____ climates often result in higher levels of acidity than _______ climates?
Cooler; warmer
Why are cooler climates more likely to produce higher acidity in wines?
Because there is less opportunity for the grapes to fully ripen in cooler weathers and their is less sugar available.
What influences the amount of tannins in a wine?
the amount of skin contact during the winemaking process
What are two common thick-skinned red wine grape varietals high in tannis?
Cab Sav and Syrah (Shiraz)
Bitter flavours are most often noted at the ____ of the tongue
back
A balanced, pleasant ______ where the flavours linger for several seconds is an indicator of a high quality wine
finish
What does a wine’s complexity refer to?
Lesser wines will have one or two simple flavours, while a complex wine generally has many different flavours
When recommending wine, what are the three factors you need to consider?
Their tastes; their preferences; and the occasion
What to components in food make wine taste ‘harder’?
Sweetness and Umami
What to components in food make wine taste ‘softer’?
Salt and acid
Is wine or food more likely to impact the other?
Food generally has a bigger impact on the taste of wine
__________ in food
- Increases the perception of bitterness, acidity, and the burning effect of the alcohol in the wine
- Decreases the perception of body, sweetness, and fruitiness in the wine
Sweetness
Sweetness in food: Increases the perception of ___________, _______, and the burning effect of the ___________ in the wine
bitterness; acidity; alcohol
Sweetness in food: Decreases the perception of ______, ________, and ____________ in the wine
body, sweetness, and fruitiness
What is a golden rule with sweetness?
To serve a wine that has a higher level of sweetness than the dish
Umami in Food
- Increases the perception of ___________, ___________, and alcohol burn in the wine
bitterness, acidity
Umami in Food
- Decreases the perception of _________, __________, and fruitiness in the wine.
body, sweetness,
Acidity in Food
- Increases the perception of _____, _________, and _________ in wine.
body, sweetness, and fruitiness
Acidity in food increases/decreases the perception of acidity in wine?
decreases; remember: food impacts wine more than wine food
Salt in Food
- Increases the perception of _____ in wine.
- Decreases the perception of ________ and _________ in wine
body ; bitterness and acidity
- Bitterness in food increases the perception of __________ in wine
bitterness
Most people find the pairing of acidic (wine/food) and fatty (wine/food) to be a well balanced and satisfying pairing
wine; food
High-risk food: What should dishes high in sugar be paired with?
A wine that has at least as much sugar.
High risk food: What should dishes high in Umami be paired with?
Wins that are more fruity than tannic, as umami will already emphasise the tannins
High risk food: How can high levels of umami in a dish be balanced?
by the addition of salt and acid
High risk food: Dishes high in bitterness should be paired with….
white wines or low-tannin reds like a pinot noir or Beaujolais
High Risk food: What type of wine should be chilli heat?
white wines or wines low in tannins and alcohol to avoid alcohol burn
High-acid food should be paired with a _____-______ wine so the wine does not taste soft and flabby
high-acid
In order to produce a healthy crop, a vine needs C__________ d____________, s______________, W_______, W__________, and n____________
Carbon dioxide; sunlight; water; warmth; and nutrients
What does a vine need to produce a healthy crop?
Carbon dioxide; sunlight; water; warmth; and nutrients
Climate is determined by …
latitude
What does latitude mean in the context of wine?
How close the vineyard is to the equator
Hot Climate typically equals: ______ alcohol, _______ body, ________ tannins, ________ acidity
less alcohol, fuller body, more tannin, less acidity
Cool climate typically equals: ______ alcohol, _______ body, ________ tannins, ______ acidity
less alcohol; lighter body, less tannins, and more acidity
Warmth is needed for the production of _______
sugars
What can be done to control the heavy rainfall climate characteristic in old world wines?
To plant crops on slopes and in soils such as chalk or gravel where the water can drain and be controlled
How do vineyards far from the equator encourage more sunlight?
Plant on slopes facing the sun and next to rivers that reflect the light of the sun
Warmth is needed for the production of sugar, that is why most of the world’s vineyards are found in the temperature zone between __ and __ degrees in latitude from the equator
30 - 50 degrees
______ wine can be made from either black or white grapes, while ______ wine can only be made from black grapes
White, Red
For ______ _______, grapes are 1) crushed and then 2) pressed to separate the skin from the juice, and then the must is 3) fermented.
White Wine
White wines are then fermented in cooler temperatures to preserve the fruit aromas at ___ - ____ C between ____ to _____ weeks
12 - 22 degrees; 2 - 4 weeks
To help with the skins staying in contact with the must in red wine fermentation, the juice may be “______ _____” the floating skins or the skins may be “_________ ______ “ into the juice
pumped over; punched down
How are Rose wines produced differently from red wines?
They are fermented at lower temperatures (12-22 degrees) and have a much shorter contact period with grape skin (e.g., 12 - 36 hours)
