Written Flashcards
Who are romantic era artists?
Nicolo Padini and Franz Lizt
What is the romantic era?
Instrumental, piano bouncing all over the keyboard
What is a leid?
German for “song”, voice with piano accompaniment
What is an art song?
Italian or English
What is strophic form?
Vocal form when melody is repeated for each stanza.
What is thru composed?
Different melody for each stanza
What is a song cycle?
A set of songs sung in an order, composed at the same time and meant to be performed in that order
Who is Franz Schubert?
Father of the Leider, composer of “The Earl King”
What are mini piano works?
Songs without words
Who is Frederic Chopin?
From Poland, attended Warsaw Conservatory, moved to Paris and did most of his composing. Lover is George Sand, a woman musician. Known for Polish folk music: Meserka and Polonaise in triple meter.
What is absolute music?
Instrumental music with no story
What is program music?
Music dealing with a story
What is a program symphony?
Multi-movement
What is a concert overture?
Independent piece for whole orchestra
What is a tone poem?
Programmatic composition for orchestra in 1 movement, May or may not have form
What is incidental music?
In 1 form, multi-movement but stories don’t align.
Who is Felix Mendelson?
A child prodigy, composer, from Leipzig, known for Bach revival.
Who is Berlioz?
Attended Paris Conservatory, entered Prix de Rome, had free year at Paris Conservatory, wife is Harriet Smithson, wrote Symphony Fantastique about her.
What is Nationalism?
Composers way of folk music of their own country.
What are folk tunes?
Tunes of a specific country, usually in dance rhythms in 3 or 4 meter
Who is Smetna?
From Bohemia, Moldau/tone poem is composed by him
Who is Dvorjak?
From Hungary, known for symphonies, taught at New York conservatory, fled home country
What is modernism?
Expanded use of dissonances, influenced by industrialization. New cord structures (non- functional chords) and poly chords, which are two chords playing at the same time. Complex rhythm patterns and changing meters.
What is bi tonality?
Half of the orchestra is in one tone and half in the other tone
What is impressionism?
Puff of perfume, simple scales, stresses tone color, atmosphere, and fluidity.
Who is Debussy?
French, known for rich orchestration and slow-moving harmonies, attended Paris Conservatory, and wrote “prelude to afternoon of a fawn”
What is primitivism?
Percussive sounds, dissonant, hard to find a beat.
Who is Stravinsky?
Russian, influenced by Picasso, went to Paris Conservatory, from St. Petersburg, wrote “Rite of Spring”, “Firebird”, and “Petruska” which are examples of Primitivism.
What is neoclassicism?
Balance, sane sound
What is expressionism?
Stresses dissonance and harshness, hear emotion in piece
Who is Arnold Schoenberg?
Self taught, students of his were Vebern and Berg
What is atonality?
No key signature
Who are Charles Ives and George Irshwin?
American composers
Who is Copeland?
American sound, went to Paris Conservatory, a nationalist, appeared before the House of un-American activities, wrote “Billy the kid”, “rodeo”, and “appellation spring”
Who is Revueltas?
Mexican nationalist composer
Who is George Krum?
Known for percussion pieces, wierd style of composition, from Shanghai
Who wrote “hallelujah”, a song from the medieval period?
Hildegard of Bingen
What are two polyphonic pieces from the Renaissance period?
“Ave Maria” and “Gloria…”
“Dido’s Lament” by Perslain and Vivaldi are from which period, and what is the defining instrument of the period?
Baroque, harpsichord
What is the definer of the Bach- “Mvmt.” piece?
Orchestra then voices come in
What is the defining element and style of “Contrapunctus” by Bach?
Fugue- same opening repeats, sultry sound
Who wrote messiah/rejoice greatly?
Handel
What are the defining elements of Symphony number 100 by Haydn?
It is a classical piece, big orchestra then smaller ensemble
What are the defining elements of trumpet Concerto by Haydn?
Orchestra playing melody then trumpet playing the same melody solo
What are the defining elements of ein Klein by Mozart?
Big orchestra always
What is the definer of the piece symphony five movement one by Beethoven?
Dun, dun, dun,… Dun, dun, dun…
What is the defining element of Moonlight by Beethoven
A soft piano piece
What is chamber music?
Music for small ensemble
What is a concerto?
Solo with orchestra backing up
What is a Symphony?
A big orchestra
What is a sonata?
A small ensemble such as with Violin
What is sonata form?
Exposition then deviation then recapitulation
