Wrist & Hand: Action, Origin, Insertion, & Nerve Innervation Flashcards
Flexor carpi radialis
Action: Flex and radially deviate the wrist
May assist to flex the elbow
Origin: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Nerve Innervation: Median C6 to C8
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Action: Flex and ulnarly deviate the wrist
Assit to flex the elbow
Origin: (Humeral head) Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
(ulnar head) Posterior surface of proximal two-thirds of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
Palmaris longus
Action: Tense the palmar fascia
Flex the wrist
May assist to flex the elbow
Origin: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Nerve Innervation: Median C6 to C8, T1
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Action: Flex the 2nd through 5th fingers
and flex the wrist
Origin: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interosseous membrane, and proximal shaft radius
Insertion: Sides of middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers
Nerve Innervation: Median C7 and C8, T1
Flexor digitorum profundus
Action: Flex the 2nd through 5th fingers
Assist to flex wrist
Origin: Anterior and medial surfaces of proximal three-quarters of ulna
Insertion: Bases of distal phalanges, volar surface of 2nd through 5th fingers
N: 2nd and 3rd fingers: Median C7 and C8, T1
4th and 5th fingers: Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
Flexor pollicis longus
Action: Flex the thumb
Assist to flex the wrist
Origin: Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve Innervation: Median C6 to C8, T1
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
Action: Extend the wrist
Radially deviate the wrist
Assist to flex the elbow
Origin: (Longus) Distal one-third of the lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
(Brevis) Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: (Longus) Base of 2nd metacarpal
(Brevis) Base of 3rd metacarpal
Nerve Innervation: (Longus) Radial C5 to C8
(Brevis) Radial C6 to C8)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Action: Extend the wrist
Ulnarly deviate the wrist
Origin: Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
Nerven Innervation:Radial C6 to C8
Extensor digitorum
Action: Extend the 2nd through 5th fingers
Assist to extend the wrist
Origin: Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers
Nerve Innervation: Radial C6 to C8
Extensor Indicis
Action: Extend the 2nd finger
Adduct the 2nd finger
May assist to extend the wrist
Origin: Posterior surface of distal shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Tendon of the extensor digitorum at the level of the 2nd metacarpal
Nerve Innervation: Radial C6 to C8
Abductor pollicis longus
Action: Radially abduct the thumb
Extend the thumb
Radially deviate the wrist
Origin: Posterior surface of the radius and ulna, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal
Nerve Innervation: Radial C6 to C8
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Action: Extend the thumb, EPL only
Extend the thumb
Radially deviate the wrist
Origin: (Longus) Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
(Brevis) Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion: (Longus) Base of distal phalanx of thumb
(Brevis) Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve Innervation: Radial C6 to C8
Abductor pollicis brevis
Action: Abduct the thumb
Assist in opposition of the thumb
Origin: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, and scaphoid tubercles
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve Innervation: Median C6 to C8, T1
Flexor pollicis brevis
Action: Flex the thumb
Assist in opposition of the thumb
Origin: (Superficial head) Flexor retinaculum
(Deep head) Trapezium, trapezoid, and capitate
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve Innervation: (Superficial head) Median to C6 to C8, T1
(Deep head) Ulnar C8 and T1
Opponens pollicis
Action: Opposition of thumb at the carpometacarpal joint (bringing the pads of the thumb and 5th finger together)
Origin: Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of the trapezium
Insertion: Entire length of 1st metacarpal bone, radial surface
Nerve Innervation: Median C6 to C8, T1
Abductor digiti minimi
Action: Abduct the 5th finger
Assist in opposition of the 5th finger toward the thumb
Origin: Pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger, ulnar surface
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
Flexor digiti minimi
Action: Flex the 5th finger
Assist in opposition of the 5th finger toward the thumb
Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger, volar surface
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
Opponens digiti minimi
Action: Opposition of the 5th finger at the carpometacarpal joint
Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Shaft of 5th metacarpal, ulnar surface
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
Palmar interossei
Action: Adduct the thumb, 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers toward the 3rd finger
Assist to flex the thumb, 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Assist to extend the thumb, 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers at the interphalangeal joints
Origin: Base of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of the related finger and the extensor aponeurosis
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C8 and T1
Dorsal interossei
Action: Abduct the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Assist to flex the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Assist to extend the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers at the interphalangeal joints
Origin: Adjacent sides of all metacarpals
Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers and the extensor aponeurosis
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C8 and T1
Adductor pollicis
Action: Adduct the thumb
Assist to flex the thumb
Origin: Capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve Innervation: Ulnar C8 and T1
Lumbricals (of the hand)
Action: Extend the 2nd through 5th fingers at the interphalangeal joints
Flex the 2nd through 5th fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Origin: Surfaces of the flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: Extensor aponeurosis on dorsal surface of phalanges
Nerve Innervation: (2nd and 3rd fingers) Median C6 to C8, T1
(4th and 5th fingers) Ulnar C7 and C8, T1
