wriske Flashcards
Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- U&E
- LFT
- FBC
- Bone profile
- Blood film
- HIV or EBV
- ESR
- LDH
What to say with hip fracture
Loss of shenton’s line, prominent lesser trochanter, consistent with intracapsular transcervical neck of femur fracture (– garden classification I)
Right wrist fracture
Transverse fracture of the distal radius, dorsal angulation and displacement of the wrist (‘dinner fork deformity’) consistent with ‘Colle’s fracture’. Do not appear to be any other fractures in ulna or carpal bones. Does not appear to be any involvement with articular surface.
Bloods for paracetamol overdose
FBC, U&E, LFT, INR Plasma Paracetamol concentration
Bloods for hospital acquired pneumonia
FBC, U&E, LFT, CRP, lactate, blood culture
Osteoarthritis of his hand
- Osteophytes – (bone spurs) are protrusions of bone and cartilage. They typically develop as a reparative response by remaining cartilage, cause pain and limited range of motion in the affected joint.
- Joint space narrowing – caused by the wearing away of the articular cartilage.
- Subchondral cysts – are fluid-filled sacs which extrude from the joint. The cysts contain thickened joint material, mostly hyaluronic acid. Traumatised subchondral bone undergoes cystic degeneration.
- Subchondral sclerosis – Subchondral bone is the layer of bone just below the cartilage. Sclerosis means that there is hardening of tissue
Bloods for a heart attack
FBC, U&E, LFT, Troponin, lipids, glucose, TSH
Initial management for STEMI
● Aspirin 300mg PO (PR if can’t swallow)
● Glyceryl trinitrate 800 microgram OR 2 puffs S/L
● Morphine sulphate 5mg/10mg IV
● Oxygen 15L NRB if sats <94%
Long term treatment for STEMI
● ACE inhibitor – Lisinopril 5mg PO OD or Ramipril 2.5mg PO BD
● Beta-blocker – bisoprolol 5mg PO OD
● Statin – atorvastatin 80mg PO OD
● Dual antiplatelets - aspirin 75mg PO OD and clopidogrel 75mg PO OD
Severe asthma blood
FBC, U&E, CRP, arterial blood gas
Sepsis/ severe infection
FBC, U&E, CRP, Lactate/VBG, Blood culture
(LFT, glucose)
Bloods for testicular cancer
LDH
Beta-HCG (beta human chorionic gonadotrophin
Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein
Bloods for antiphospholipid syndrome
● Lupus anticoagulant
● Anticardiolipin antibodies
Treatment for hyperkalaemia
● For cardiac stability 🡪 calcium gluconate 10%
● To reduce potassium 🡪 IV insulin infusion with glucose
● Immediate (but short-lasting) reduction in potassium 🡪 nebulised salbutamol (this is unlicensed, but common practise)
Bloods for diabetic foot
- Urine albumin:creatinine ratio
- U&E
- LFT
- HbA1C
- Glucose
- Chloesterol or lipid profile
- TFT’s
