Woven Fabric Flashcards
A cotton fabric with a printed design of white and a contrasting color
Bandanna
A RIB WEAVE, usually done in a minute brick fashion, giving a pebbly appearance. A granular texture is achieved by the short broken weaves in the filing direction. Usually made of silk, worsted wool, synthetic fibers or a combination of these.
Barathea
Fabric made from or created to simulate the bark of trees
Bark Cloth
A fine, lightweight, soft, semi-sheer, smooth fabric. It is named for Jean Baptiste, a French linen weaver. Resembles nainsook, but is finer and ALMOST TRANSPARENT.
Batiste
Thin layers of natural or synthetic cloth used to line cushions, pillows, quilts, or crafts
BATTING
Fabric embroided with BEADS
Beaded fabric
A sturdy warp-faced fabric with pronounces cross-wise ribs formed by BULKY AND COARSE PILE yarns or rubber threads. It originated in Bengal, India.
Bengaline
It has a small geometric pattern with a center dot resembling a bird’s eye. It is woven on a dobby loom, with heavier filling yarns that are loosely twisted to make the materials more absorbent. It is very soft, lightweight and absorbent, and woven with a loosely twisted filling to increase absorbency.
Birdseye
It is the French word for “buckled” ringed or curled. The fabric was so named because it has a ring appearance, formed by drawn-out loop yarns on the face of the goods, thereby giving it a kinky appearance at intervals.
Boucle
2 or more fabric layers held together with adhesive or a fusible layer
Bonded
A TWILL WEAVE that originated in France. The yarns are interspersed with nubs, giving the material a dull, nubbed surface effect.
Bourette
A tightly woven plain weave with a CROSSWISE RIB. It was originally a silk shirting fabric, so named because it was woven in widths excedding the usual 29”. It is a dressy fabric and must be handled with care, form fitting and drapes well
Broadcloth
Carpet woven on widths of 6,9,12,15,18 ft.
Broadloom
A rich Jacquard woven fabric of an all-over interwoven design of raised FIGURES OF FLOWERS with the pattern emphasized by contrasting surfaces or colors, of which all are done in low relief. As compared to damask, the figures here are rather loose. French word meaning “to ornament”
Brocade
A tightly woven jacquard fabric with a WARP EFFECT in the figure, which is raised to give a puffed appearance. The PUFF EFFECT is created by several kinds of filings, a tension-weaving of a linen or nylon that shrinks after the heating process.
Brocatelle
A ply yarn SCRIM fabric with a STIFF finish. Usually used for interlinings in garments. It was named for Bokhara, in the southwest USSR where it was first made.
Buckram
A plain weave coarse fabric usually made from Jute or hemp. Generally used for interior textiles, especially for wall hangings and a group of bright, homespun-effect draperies and wall coverings.
Burlap or Gunny
A plain, closely woven, inexpesive cloth. It is usually made in solid colors which are discharge or resist printed onto a whte or contrasting background. The colors are not always fast. In originated in Calcutta, india, and is one of the oldest cotton staples in the market.
Calico
A soft, white, closely woven cotton fabric calendered on the right side to produce a slight gloss. Known to launder very well, has good body, sews and finishes well. It was originally made in Cambrai, France.
Cambric
Has an even weave that is heavy and firm. It is used for clothing but formerly much used for tents and sail. Mostly, a rugged, and heavy material
Canvass
One of the softest fabrics made. It is very lightweight and usually is printed with a delicate floral pattern. It was named from the Anglo-Indian term SHALEE, meaning soft.
Challis
A plain weave fabric with colored warp and white filing that gives a MOTTLED COLORED SURFACE.
Chambray
A fabric woven from Chenille yarns and has a fuzzy pile. French word “caterpillar
Chenille
Broken twill or HERRINGBONE weave giving a chevron effect, creating a design of wide V’s across the width of the fabric.
Chevron
A THIN, DIAPHANOUS, or GAUZELIKE, SOFT, FLIMSY FABRIC, but is strong despite its flimsy look. It wears very well and is very difficult to handle. French term for RAG
Chiffon
A GLAZED cotton fabric often printed with BRIGHT FIGURES and LARGE FLOWER DESIGN. Some glazes wash out during laundering, but resin glaze will withstand washing or dry-cleaning. Hindu word meaning “spotted”
Chintz
A cut pile with narrow to wide WALES that run in the warp direction of the goods. An extra set of filing yarns make the pile and the back is a plain twill weave.
Corduroy
A lightweight fabric characterized by a CRINKY SURFACE produced by hand twist yarns, chemical treatment, weave, or embossing. It has very good wearing qualities and has a very slimming effect.
Crepe
CHAIN STITCH EMBROIDERY made with a fine, loosely twisted, two-ply wool yarn on a plain weave fabric. Done by hand, for most part, in the Kashmir province of India and in England.
Crewel
A firm, glossy, jacquard patterned fabric similar to brocade but flatter and REVERSIBLE. Brought by Marco Polo from Damascus, during 13th century. It is a very durable fabric, launders well and holds a high luster.
Damask
A rugged, serviceable, staple cotton cloth recognized by left hand twill on the surface. Its name is derived from the French and was usually used for work clothes.
Denim
A thin, sheer cloth in which cords or stripes may be woven into the fabric. It is very easy to manipulate and launders easily and well. Has a crisp texture which remains fairly well after washing.
Dimity
A sheer fabric embellished with small dot motifs that may vary in color. Originated in Saint Galen, Switzerland, about 1750
Dotted Swiss
A closely woven, heavy material and the most durable fabric made, according to the textile industry. Heavier weights are called canvass
Duck
A ribbed cloth with a crosswise rib effect. It is soft and belongs to the GROSGRAIN FAMILY.
Faille
A compact matted woolen material. Derived from anglo-saxon word meaning “to filer”. Usually made of wool or fur often mixed with natural or synthetic fibers.
Felt
Printed or woven fabric featuring a JAGGED, UNDULATING FLAME-LIKE, MULIT-COLORED PATTERN
Flame Stitch
A fabric with a slight NAP on both sides
Flannel
A lightweight cloth noted for its soft finish and feel. It is made with twill weaves and usually printed with SMALL FIGURES on LIGHT or DARK backgrounds
Foulard
Generally made with UNCUT LOOPS but is sometimes styled by shearing the loops at VARYING HEIGHTS. Originated from Fries Land Holland.
Frieze
It is a firm, durable, compactly woven cloth which shows A DIAGONAL LINE ON THE FACE of the goods. It is named for a cloak or mantle popular during the middle ages. Smooth on one side
Gabardine
A thin sheer fabric constructed with plain, LENO or DOBBY weave, specifically used for curtains next to glass windows to diffuse light
Gauze
Has dyed yarns introduced at given intervals in both warp and filling to achieve a block or check effect. Name is derived form the Italian “Ging-gang” meaning “STRIPED”
Gingham
A fine, loosely woven fabric in LENO WEAVE
Grenadine
A strong, closely-woven corded fabric usually of silk or rayon and often with cotton fiber. It is a heavy, rather prominent, ribbed fabric made from plain or rib weaves
Grosgrain
A fabric which has a series of FAINT STRIPES formed by light, medium or dark yarns.
Jaspe
Woven, multi-colored effect created by blending fibers of different colors
Heather
A very stiff, wiry cloth made with a single horsehair filling, usually on a cotton warp. The width of the fabric is determined by the length of the horsehair in the filing, no more than 26’ (66.04 cm) wide. For lining and upholstery
Haircloth
Broken twill weave composed of vertical sections that are alternately right hand in direction. Also called ARROWHEAD WEAVE. If done in wide stripes its is called CHEVRON WEAVE
Herringbone
Broken twill weave forming FOUR POINTED STAR.
Houndstooth
A fabric in which metallic threads or yarns are interspersed though out or used in the base construction. The term comes from the French word for “worked with gold and silver wire”. Metallic fabric
Lame
A light, thin cloth of plain weave with crisp and crease-resistant finish. Name is derived from Laon, Francem where in linen lawn was manufactured extensively
Lawn
A jacquard stripe fabric simulating silk and embroidery
Lisserie
A fine firm cotton cloth with a plain weave background. It is usually STRIPED OR PLAID n color. Name derived from Madras, India
Madras
A lightweight, OPEN-MESH cloth of leno or doupe weave. It is used for clothing it is used for clothing, curtains and mosquito nets
Marquisette
A soft, double cloth which has a quilted surface effect, and is woven on Jacquard looms. Term derived from French meaning “ cushion or padded”
Matelasse
A heavily felted, hard, plain, face-finished cloth. It is napped and very closely sheared. It originated in the famous Melton Mowbray fox hunting area in Leicestershire, England
Melton